Objective To understand the status quo of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its genotypes distribution a-mong gynecological outpatients in Chengdu region .Methods The DNA microarray technique combined with PCR and DNA reverse hybridizatio technology was used to detect the genotypes of HPV infection .The data were analyzed by the SPSS 13 .0 software .Re-sults A total of 5 052 samples of cervical exfoliated cells among gynecological outpatients were detected ,and the total positive rate of HPV infection was 17 .52% .The differences of HPV infection among various age groups were statistically significant ,especially the positive rate of HPV infection in the 20-25 years age group was higher than that in the 26-30 years age group and the 31-35 years age group(P<0 .05) ,and which in the 36 -40 years age group was also higher than that in the 26 -30 years age group (P<0 .05) .The positive detection rate of high risk HPV subgenotypes was 18 .1% ,which was higher than 5 .5% of low risk sub-genotypes with statistical difference (P<0 .01) .HPV 52 was the most frequent subgenotypes in high risk subgenotypes ,accounting for 15 .03% ,followed by HPV 16 and HPV 58;HPV 81 was the most frequent subgenotypes in low risk subgenotypes ,accounting for 7 .98% .Conclusion The positive rate of HPV infection among gynecological outpatients is higher ,and the majority of geno-types are high risk .It is suggested that the routine examination of HPV subgenotypes detection focused on different age groups should be recommended .

Objective To retrospectively investigate the disease spectrum of inpatients aged over 65 year and cost constitution in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from 2010 to 2014,so as to provide baseline data for further study.Methods The inpatients'disease spectrum and costs were collected from hospital information system.The diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software.Results The total number of old inpatients was 111,935,and male (55.2 ％) was more than female (44.8 ％).The average age was (74.5 ±6.8)years.The top four systematic diseases of primary diagnosis were circulatory system disease (21.0 ％),respiratory system disease (13.7 ％),digestive system disease (12.7％)and neoplasms (12.1％).The total number of male inpatients was more than the female inpatients.The average cost per capita was increased from (￥)18,778.1 yuan to (￥)23,391.9 yuan since 2010.The proportion of all costs accounted for by drugs in elderly inpatients was decreased from 45.5％ to 38.9％ since 2010.Nosocomial infection was decreased from 3.19％ to 0.16％ since 2010.Conclusions The number of elderly inpatients are more in male than in female in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from 2010 to 2014.The most common systematic disease is circulatory system diseases,and followed by respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases and neoplasms.The proportion of all expenditures accounted for by drugs was declined in five years,while the average cost per capita is increased.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and with microinvasion (DCIS-MI). Methods From June 1999 to June 2003, a total of 41 patients with DCIS and DCIS-MI patients were retrospectively studied. Results Pathology varies between DCIS type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and DCIS-MI patients. Mammographic calcification was the only presenting symptom in 9.76% of patients with DCIS accounting for 50% of these cases. The accordance rate of mammography with final diagnosis was 80%, and 33.3% of mammography in DCIS-MI type 2 showed mass or chaos of gland construction. The initial symptom in 57% of patients was nipple discharge. For fiberoptic ductoscopy, the accordance rate was 95.65%. There were two local recurrent cases in DCIS-MI type 2. Conclusion Breast ductal carcinoma in situ and with microinvasion had their own characteristics, including different prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the treatment of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long?segmental occlusion. Methods Fifty?one cases of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long?segmental occlusion (arterial occlusion more than 2 anatomical segments) who were treated with hybrid surgery (plaque located at the carotid sinus) or endovascular revascularization (plaque located at the distal end of the internal carotid artery occlusion) from May 2015 to May 2018 were reviewed. Recanalization, perioperative complications, stroke events, and reocclusion events during the follow?up period were recorded. Results The occlusion was recanalized successfully in 45 of 51 patients (88.2%, 45/51), 6 patients failed because the guidewire could not cross the distal arterial occlusion. And the technical success rate was 96.0% (24/25) in hybrid surgery and 80.8% (21/26) in endovascular revascularization. Perioperative complications occurred in 2 patients who underwent combined endovascular treatment. One patient had a small branch embolism due to intraoperative thrombus shift, and 1 patient had large area cerebral infarction. The complications occurred in 2 patients who underwent thybrid surgery, including 1 case of internal carotid cavernous fistula and 1 case of acute reocclusion of internal carotid artery. Forty?four patients with successful operation received clinical follow?up, with the median follow?up time of 24 months (7-43 months). No recurrent stroke and death occurred during the follow?up period. Clinical symptoms were improved in 34 cases. Totally 44 patients received imaging follow?up, and during the median imaging follow?up time of 8 month (4-28 months), 6 cases had reocclusion, and 2 cases had restenosis. Conclusion The treatment of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long?segmental occlusion is technically feasible and safety with good short?term efficacy. However, its exact efficacy remains to be confirmed by long?term follow?up studies with large samples.

Objective To explore the feasibility,safety and effect of endovascular revascularization for chronic long segment internal carotid artery occlusion. Methods The cases of chronic long segment internal carotid artery occlusion who were treated by endovascular revascularization in our center from May 2015 to April 2017 were reviewed. Eleven cases met the inclusion criteria:the duration of the occlusion was more than three weeks and the segment of the occlusion was beyond the petrosal segment of internal carotid arteries from the initial segment. All of the cases had the related symptoms and had declining cerebral perfusion. The analysis index included:baseline information,radiological information,perioperative results, clinical follow-up and imaging follow-up. The imaging follow-up index were the re-stenosis or re-occlusion of the revascularized artery. Results The occlusion was recanalized successfully in 9 of 11 patients,the two procedures were abandoned after repeated attempts and the guide wire could not reach the true lumen when navigating in the cavernous segment. Six cases of the nine successfully recanalized cases accepted perfusion-weighted imaging scan. Cerebral perfusion of all the cases were improved. Thrombus shifting was observed in one case and occluded a subbranch,mechanical thrombectomy was performed successfully,the case was recovered well without sequela. No symptomatic stroke or death was happened in the perioperative period. All of the nine cases who successfully recanalized acquired clinical follow-up,median follow-up time was ten months(4—28 months). No ischemic stroke and death happened after the procedures. Seven of nine cases improved in the clinical symptoms. Five cases accepted the imaging follow-up. The meantime was six months. No re-occlusion was happened. Conclusions Endovascular revascularization for chronic long segment internal carotid artery occlusion is feasible,safe,and short-term effective. More clinical research is needed to verify the long-term effect.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. The morbidity and mortality of HCC are increasing every year. Liver cancer is a serious threat to public health in China and the death rate of patients with liver cancer in China is the highest in the world. Beyond surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, immunotherapy is an emerging treatment for cancer, which could control and kill tumor cells by relieving the inhibitory status of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and activating the immune function of the body. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive immunotherapy and tumor vaccine are the major treatments of immunotherapy. Compared with traditional therapy methods, immunotherapy could enhance immune function, delay tumor progression, prolong the survival time of patients, and becomes a hotspot in the basic and clinical cancer research. This article reviews the research progress of immunotherapy for liver cancer.
Cancer Vaccines ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; China ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment

Objective: To observe the effect of chorioamnionitis on placental microvessel and platelet metabolism in premature and the correlation between them. Methods: With clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT), the cases were matched by 11 according to gestational ages and divided into 2 groups according to the placental pathology results: chorioamnionitis group and control group, 32 cases in each group.Dates were obtained for preterm infants (gestational age<37 weeks) admitted to the Department of Neonatology at Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, born between June and December 2016.The platelet parameter [platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT)], birth weight, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage complication, miscrovascular density (MVD) in placenta, platelet activating factors (CD_62p, CD₆₃) and thrombopoietin (TPO) in preterm infants were recorded and compared. Results: In chorioamnionitis group, the infant birth weight[(1.90±0.41) kg vs.(2.31±0.62) kg] and the PLT in 72 hours [<24 h (197.97±63.43)×10⁹/L vs.(266.34±69.92)×10⁹/L; 24-72 h (202.28±29.70)×10⁹/L vs.(256.38±69.96)×10⁹/L] were significantly lower compared with the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The incidence of early thrombocytopenia(37.50% vs.9.38%), intracranial hemorrhage(40.62% vs.15.63%), MPV [(8.73±0.89) fL vs.(8.27±0.64) fL] and PDW[(59.46±5.90)% vs.(55.20±5.37)%] in 24 hours were significantly higher in chorioamnionitis group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The placental MVD in chorioamnionitis group significantly decreased[(9.08±1.35)% vs.(12.89±1.36)%, P<0.05 ]. The level of CD_62p, CD₆₃ and TPO in umbilical cord blood were significantly higher in chorioamnionitis group[(25.37±5.20)% vs.(10.35±2.94)%, (9.49±1.58)% vs.(4.04±1.21)%, (271.08±197.22) μg/L vs.(141.87±78.10) μg/L, all P<0.05]. The placental MVD was positively associated with PLT (r=0.74, P<0.05) and negatively associated with CD_62p, CD₆₃ and TPO among infants with chorioamnionitis (r=-0.64, -0.44, -0.44, all P<0.05). Conclusions The chorioamnionitis may decrease the MVD in placenta and activate platelet in fetal circulation, damaged placental microvessel may activate platelet further.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the treatment of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long-segmental occlusion. Methods: Fifty-one cases of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long-segmental occlusion (arterial occlusion more than 2 anatomical segments) who were treated with hybrid surgery (plaque located at the carotid sinus) or endovascular revascularization (plaque located at the distal end of the internal carotid artery occlusion) from May 2015 to May 2018 were reviewed. Recanalization, perioperative complications, stroke events, and reocclusion events during the follow-up period were recorded. Results: The occlusion was recanalized successfully in 45 of 51 patients (88.2%, 45/51), 6 patients failed because the guidewire could not cross the distal arterial occlusion. And the technical success rate was 96.0% (24/25) in hybrid surgery and 80.8% (21/26) in endovascular revascularization. Perioperative complications occurred in 2 patients who underwent combined endovascular treatment. One patient had a small branch embolism due to intraoperative thrombus shift, and 1 patient had large area cerebral infarction. The complications occurred in 2 patients who underwent thybrid surgery, including 1 case of internal carotid cavernous fistula and 1 case of acute reocclusion of internal carotid artery. Forty-four patients with successful operation received clinical follow-up, with the median follow-up time of 24 months (7-43 months). No recurrent stroke and death occurred during the follow-up period. Clinical symptoms were improved in 34 cases. Totally 44 patients received imaging follow-up, and during the median imaging follow-up time of 8 month (4-28 months), 6 cases had reocclusion, and 2 cases had restenosis. Conclusion The treatment of chronic symptomatic internal carotid artery long-segmental occlusion is technically feasible and safety with good short-term efficacy. However, its exact efficacy remains to be confirmed by long-term follow-up studies with large samples.