BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that cell transplantation has neuroprotective effect on intracerebral hemorrhage,and some researches have indicated that transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)can promote neural function recovery after cerebral infarction.OBJECTIVE:To explore whether transplantation of BMSCs-modified by gtial cell line-dedved neurotrophic factor gene(GDNF)gene provides a better therapeutic effect than native BMSCs after stroke.METHODS:Totally 36 SD rats were induced intracerabral hemorrhage models by injecting autologous arterial blood,and then divided into 3 groups(n=6).each group was assigned into 2 sub-groups Rabbits in each group were stereotaxically grafted with 20 μL GDNF/BMSCs,BMSCs or saline respectively.The rats were executed at 1 and 2 weeks after operation,and immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expressions of synaptophysin(Syn)and growth associated protein-43(GAP-43)in the margin of the hemorrhagic focus.RESULTS AND CONCLUSlON:Compared with the BMSCs and control groups.both Syn-immunoreactive and GAP-43-immunoreactive products were significantly increased in the GDNF/BMSCs group(P＜0.05).Present results demonstrate that transplantation of GDNF gene-modified BMSCs provides better neuroprotection than native BMSCs delivery for stroke.