Objective To investigate the feasibility and cortex activation of fMRI in the aged volunteers during the performance of visuospatial tasks. Methods Visuospatial tasks were conducted in 11 normal aged volunteers. The fMRI data was postprocessed using SPM99 to reveal the activated cortex.Results The visuospatial tasks were fulfilled satisfactorily in all aged subjects. Cortex around the left intraparietal sulcus, dorsolateral cortex in the left prefrontal lobe and bilateral occipital lobes showed activation. We found a selective enhancement of fMRI signal in the left superior parietal lobule. Conclusion FMRI tasks are feasible in the aged people and the left superior parietal lobule is the specific in the visuospatial information processing.

Objective To investigate the effects of MRI in the evaluation of the neurovascular bundle(NVB) invasion by prostate cancer. Methods The usefulness of MR was evaluated to make the preoperative determination of NVB invasion in 43 patients underwent radical prostatectomy, by using chi square test for the pared data. And the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the method were also calculated. Results 23 patients were judged to have evidences of NVB invasion on axial MR images: (1) Direct tumor extension posterolaterally, without demonstration of the normal NVB; (2) Focal thicken of the NVB; (3) Lack of normal adipose tissue between the bulged prostate and the NVB on T 1WI or focal lesion of decreased signal intensity on T 2WI approached the NVB. MR diagnosis was approximately corresponded with the pathological result, ? 2 value was 12.44, P

Objective To analyze the chara cteristic finding of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) on MR images. Methods Eleven patients with biochemicall y proved MLD were studied retrospectively for the extent of white matter abnormalities and the in volvement of specific structures (such as corpus callosum, white matter tract, a nd thalami). Result All 11 cases in the periventricular white m atter and 10 cases in centrum semiovale showed a symmetric confluent high intens ity on T_2-weighted images. Involvement of subcortical U-fibers was present i n 4 late-stage cases. Other sites of involvement were the genu (n=8) and s plenium (n=9) of the cor pus callosum (both n=8), the posterior limbs of internal capsule (n=7), external capsule (n=4), the descending pyramidal tracts (pons in 1, midbrain in 3), and the cerebellar white matter (n=1). A tigroid pattern was found in the centru m se miovale in 8 cases. Nine cases appeared low signal intensity on T_2-weighted i mag es in the thalami; There were 5 cases with mild ventriculomegaly and 1 case with diffuse brain atrophy. Conclusion The typical MR feature of M LD is a bilatera l and symmetrical high signal intensity on T_2-weighted images in periventricu lar and centrum semiovale white matter with initial sparing of the subcortical U -fi ber, and both the genu and splenium of corpus callosum involvement. Besides, the tigroid pattern in the centrum semiovale and involvement of the internal capsul e, external capsule, and corticospinal tract are frequent additional features.

Objective: To determine the index weight and optimize the microwave processing technology of carbonized Gardenia jasminoides (CGJ). Methods: The contents of geniposid and tannins in CGJ processed by traditional method were determined by HPLC and used as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the weighting coefficient was determined by CRITIC method, and the microwave processing technology of CGJ was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface methodology (BBRSM). The pharmacological activity of CGJ processed by microwave was also evaluated. Results: The weighting coefficients of geniposid and tannins in CGJ processed by traditional method were 0.27 and 0.73. The optimal parameters of microwave processing technology were as follows: microwave power of 600 W, microwave time of 6 min and medicines mass of 120 g, the contents of geniposidic and tannins were 35.19 and 4.76 mg/g. The results of pharmacological evaluation showed that CGJ processed by microwave and traditional method could shorten the bleeding time and clotting time of mice. There was no obvious difference between the two processed products. Conclusion: Microwave processing can be used as a processing method to enrich the traditional processing technology.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of positive-pressure ventilation on dust removal in whole lung lavage( WLL).METHODS: By random sample method,21 patients with stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ pneumoconiosis were chosen for different WLL.Using the patients' own left and right lung was used for matched control study. The positive pressure ventilation was performed at the end of the 3rd,6th,9th and 12 th lavage in treatment lung( treatment groups). The positive-pressure ventilation was not implemented at the end of the 3rd and 6th lavage in the contralateral lung( control groups) but implemented at the end of the 9th,11 th and 12 th lavage. The recovery of lavage fluid,dust and dust concentration drained from 4th to 9th lavage were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the recovery of the lavage fluid in the 4th to 9th lavage in the two groups( P > 0. 05). The amount of dust and the dust concentration in the fourth lavage drainage in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group( P < 0. 01). The amount of dust and the dust concentration in the 6th,8th and 9th lavage drainage in the treatment group was lower than that in control group( P < 0. 01). The amount of dust and the dust concentration in the 3rd positive pressure ventilation were higher than that in the 6th positive pressure ventilation in the treatment group( P < 0. 01). The total amount of dust in the treatment group was higher than that in the the control group( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: In whole lung lavage,the positive pressure ventilation can accelerate the discharge of dust in the lung of patients with pneumoconiosis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of physical activity on children and adolescents with disabilities using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and systematically review the systematic reviews. MethodsThe systematic reviews of participation of children and adolescents with disabilities in physical activity and their health benefits were searched from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP, from the establishment of the database to October, 2022, and a systematic review was conducted. ResultsNine systematic reviews were included, from six countries, with 138 randomized controlled trials and 4 878 participants (three to 18 years). The main sources were journals in rehabilitation psychology, medicine, and sports psychology, etc., published between 2015 and 2022. The main health-related conditions were Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, motor coordination disorder, tetraplegia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder and depression, mood disorders, vestibular impairment, and sensorineural hearing loss. Beneficial physical activity modalities included aerobic exercise, core strengthening, progressive resistance training, high intensity interval training, attentional motor training, gait and balance training, vestibular specific neuromuscular training, perceptual motor training, swimming, soccer, tennis, gymnastics, and dance, etc.; recommended as five to 120 minutes a time, one to 80 times a week, moderate to high intensity, for one to 139 weeks. The scenarios were mainly exercise training, and the settings were in special education schools and the community. Health benefits included improving health condition, such as reducing symptoms of disabilities (physical disability, intellectual disability, hearing impairment and psychiatric disability); increasing levels of physical activity such as walking, mobility, balance, dexterity, postural control; promote mental health, such as relieving depression, anxiety and stress; improving quality of life and well-being, such as socialization, self-worth, self-efficacy, exercise habits and happiness. ConclusionA conceptual framework of the health effects of physical activity on the children and adolescents with disabilities had been constructed using ICF. The health-related conditions of children and adolescents with disabilities are mainly divided into four categories: intellectual and developmental disabilities, physical disabilities, psychiatric disabilities, and hearing impairments. The types of physical activities in which children and adolescents with disabilities participate include physical fitness, skills and sports programs. The health and functional benefits of participation in physical activity are reflected in three main areas: physical and mental health, activity and participation, and quality of life and well-being.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of new occupational pneumoconiosis(hereinafter referred to as pneumoconiosis) in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2019. METHODS: The data of new pneumoconiosis cases in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2019 were collected through the Occupational Disease and Occupational Disease Health Information Monitoring Subsystem in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and a retrospective analysis was conducted. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2019, there were 4 450 new cases of pneumoconiosis in Jiangxi Province. Among these cases, the main disease types were coal workers′ pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 98.5%. The number of new cases of pneumoconiosis showed a decreasing trend with the increase of years for the last ten years(P<0.05). The median age and the 0 th-100 th percentile [M(P_0-P_(100))] of new-onset pneumoconiosis diagnosis was 56.6(34.0-97.0) years old. The service length M(P_0-P_(100)) with dust-exposure was 12.0(1.0-48.0) years. The main industry of the new pneumoconiosis cases was concentrated in the coal mining and washing industry(63.4%). The distribution of economic types of enterprises with new pneumoconiosis cases was mainly state-owned enterprises(70.0%). The enterprise scale was medium-sized and small enterprises(65.9% in total). The types of work were mainly coal blenders, rock drillers, and coal miners, accounting for 56.5%. CONCLUSION: The incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jiangxi Province is not optimistic. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of occupational diseases on workers exposed to dust in key industries, enterprises and types of work.

Autophagy is one of the most common protective mechanisms during plant stress response. We studied the effect of exogenous Cd on autophagy in celery, by using transcriptome sequencing technique to analyze the differentially expressed genes under different Cd concentrations (0, 2, 4 and 8 mg/L). Eight differentially expressed autophagy-related genes were screened and identified by qRT-PCR. Cd had obvious toxic effect on celery, in a dose-dependent manner. Eight differentially expressed autophagy-related genes were screened, among which ATG8a, ATG8f, ATG13, AMPK-1 and AMPK-2 were up-regulated, whereas ATG12, VPS30 and VPS34 were first up-regulated and then decreased. The up-regulated expression of differential genes may resist Cd toxicity by increasing autophagosome structures; however, 8 mg/L Cd exceeded the autophagosome tolerance limit of celery, resulting in decreased expression of multiple autophagy-related genes. The above results can provide help for subsequent functional study of autophagy-related genes, and provide a reference for further exploring the tolerance mechanism of celery to Cd toxicity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of MRI features and phenotypes and genetic mutations in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.Methods Sixteen boys with clinical diagnosis of PelizaeusMerzbacher disease (PMD) were included in this study.Their ages ranged from 22 months to 9 years.They were examined by pediatric neurologists,and clinical classification was made according to the symptoms and physical signs.An experienced radiologist reviewed the cranial MRI images and analyzed the brain involvement,including pallidus globus,pyramidal tract,corpus callosum,cerebellar white matter,semiovale centrum,brain atrophy and ‘ tigroid sign’.ResultsThere were 8 patients with classic form,7 patients with transitional form and one patient with connatal form.They all showed diffuse delayed myelination in the white matter,with involvement of pallidus globus in 13 cases,pyramidal tract in 7 cases,corpus callosum in 11 cases,cerebellar white matter in 7 cases,semiovale centrum in 12 cases.Cerebral atrophy was found in 5 patients and eerebellar atrophy was found in one patient.Five cases depicted ' tigroid sign'.In patients with PLP1 gene point mutation,pyramidal tract and cerebellar white matter involvement showed a high incidence.Cerebellar white matter lesions were relatively frequent in children with transitional form and connatal form.In contrast,‘ tigroid sign' was often related to classic form,which indicated a better myelination and outcome.ConclusionPMD patients show distinct imaging features in their brains,which may be correlated with the phenotype and genetic mutation.

Objective To detect the changes of cerebral perfusion in patients with MELAs syndrome by using MR perfusion technique.Methods Thirteen patients with MELAS syndrome and 13 controls with normal neurological conditions were scanned with the sequence of flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery exempting separate T1 measurement(FAIREST).Their rCBF values were obtained in regions of bilateral basilar nuclei and thalami,as well as bilateral temporal lobes and occipital lobes.Regression analysis was carried out to determine the effect of location and side on the measurement of rCBF in controls.One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare rCBF values among the control group.the lesion ROIs and normal ROIs of the MELAS syndrome group.Results The values of rCBF were 0.83±0.23,1.17±0.30.0.93±0.28,and 1.11±0.25 for the left basilar ganglia,thalamus,temporal lobe,and occipital lobe respectively,while they were 0.77±0.15,1.03±0.34,1.06±0.23,and 1.09±0.23 for the right basilar ganglia,thalamus,temporal lobe.and occipital lobe respectively.Regression analysis revealed no effect of location and side on the rCBF (P＞0.05).The rCBF value for control group was 1.00±0.28,while it was 1.01±0.31 for the normal ROIs and 1.95±0.43 for the lesion ROIs in the MELAS syndrome group(F=54.99.P＜0.01).The rCBF of the lesion ROIs in the MELAS syndrome group was significantly higher than the normal ROIs and the control group.Conclusion CBF maps can reveal changes of cerebral blood flow in patients with ietal MELAS,which suggests increased perfusion in the stroke-like lesions.