BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of core strength training, most of which focus on the adult rather than the elderly.
OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant literatures targeting the elderly with low back pain and to explore the mechanism of core strength training in the treatment of elderly low back pain as wel as different training methods and precautions, in order to provide theoretical basis for treatment of elderly patients with chronic low back pain.
METHODS:Studies on the application of core strength training in the elderly with low back pain were retrospectively reviewed using bibliometrics method. The keywords were “chronic low back pain, core strength training, elderly person” in English and Chinese, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A large number of scholars have focused on the non-pathological therapy for elderly patients with chronic lower back pain. Core strength training for treatment of low back pain is characterized as a simple operation, low cost, significant effectiveness and few side effects, which is basicaly applicable in different groups. Combination of two or more exercise therapies can enhance the core strength training effect. In addition, correct health concept education, psychological and behavioral interventions are necessary to o eliminate the fear of pain and improve patient compliance, thereby increasing the effectiveness of exercise therapy. During the core strength training, we also should pay attention to distinguish the severity of diseases, degree of urgency, stage of disease, age, and individual physical differences, and take targeted exercises.

BACKGROUND:Scientific and technological literature as the main carrier which displays development of science and technology has been not used to review the research on sports biomechanics, so development of sports biomechanics is restricted. OBJECTIVE:Based on the co-word analysis of high-frequency keywords, to objectively analyze the present situation and development trend of the foreign sports biomechanics by using the multivariate statistical method. METHODS:Based on the colection of international literature on sport biomechanics from Web of Science, we explored the research topics by factor analysis, cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis with the help of co-word analysis and SPSS 20.0. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:International research topics of sports biomechanics mainly include four groups: mechanics of sports injury and sports biomechanics, motor analysis and sports biomechanics, prevention of sports injury and sport biomechanics, sports rehabilitation and sports biomechanics, al of which have been analyzed deeply. Finaly based on the analysis of characteristics of research topics, we make a prospect of sports biomechanics in China in combination with China’s national condition.

Objective To study the research progress of big data analysis in gait biomechanics. Methods Based on the scientific and technological literature related to big data analysis in gait biomechanics during the year 2011-2020 as the research object, content analysis method was used to analyze and discuss from four aspects, including topic structure, hierarchy level, model type and analysis technology. On this basis, the future research of gait biomechanics big data analysis was prospected. Results The application of big data analysis in gait biomechanics mainly involves five research directions, namely, intervention and rehabilitation, exercise training, prosthesis design and evaluation, understanding of etiology and diagnosis, understanding of human movement characteristics. Big data analysis in gait biomechanics is divided into three levels, of which descriptive analysis is the most used type, accounting for about 41%. The models and specific techniques of big data analysis in gait biomechanics field were reviewed. Topological data analysis is a promising big data exploration tool for future research. Conclusions Big data technology has great potential in gait biomechanics and clinical medicine research.

As a new interdisciplinary course, the current paper writing course for medical postgraduates exhibits certaln disadvantages. For example, the course does not well target the learners' needs because of the absence of the needs analysis before class;English or biomedical teachers fall to combine English with medicine, thus unable to provide ideal courses. As textbooks are an important means to improve the quality of the course, one way to reform the course is to compile high-quality textbooks by interdisciplinary talents. Meanwhile, the compiling process should be guided by needs analysis as well as the teaching and editing experiences. In addition, the textbooks need to be con-tinuously improved in teaching practice.

Objective To discuss the features of the alcoholic liver disease complicated with chronic subdural hemetoma and the use of neuroendoscopy in the disease’s treatment.Methods Clearing the hemetome by neuroendoscopic operation,hemostatic was injected through vein during the operation,the treatment of hemostasis and the liver’s protection were implied in postoperation.Results All of the patients were cured without death and complications correlated the liver disease and hemetoma.Conclusion Neuroendoscopy has a unique advantage in the treatment of the alcoholic liver disease complicated with chronic subdural hemetoma,it is worth promoting.

Objective To explore the role of microRNA-206 (miR-206)in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)patients.Methods 27 patients with RA and 25 healthy controls were enrolled into the current study.Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)were isolated by standard density-gradient centrifugation over Ficoll-Hypaque solution in rheumatoid arthritis and healthy control volunteers.Total RNAs were extracted from PBMCs which were stimulated by PMA and ionomycin,then the RNA was transcribed reversely into cDNA.The expression of mi-croRNA-206 and Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)and the orphan nuclear receptor RORγt mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR)method.Student’s unpaired t-test and spearman correlation were used for statistica1 analysis. Results The expression of miR-206 in the PBMCs of RA patients was significantly decreased compared with that of the healthy controls (0.056±0.019 vs 0.138±0.057,t=3.103,P<0.01),The levels of KLF4 and RORγt mRNAin the PB-MCs of RA patients were increased significantly verves those of the healthy controls(0.604±0.183 vs 0.098±0.027,t=6.651,P<0.01;0.583±0.271 vs 0.069±0.018,t=7.438,P<0.01),Furthermore,a negative correlated between the ex-pression of miR-206 and KLF4 or RORγt mRNA in RA patients (r=-0.639,P<0.01;r=-0.842,P<0.01).Conclusion These results indicated that the augmented expression of KLF4 mRNA may be caused by the attenuated expression of miR-206,and the high level of KLF4 mRNA evokes the proportion of Th17 cells in RA patients.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)semiquantitative assessment of pathological vascularity in grading cerebral gliomas.Methods Images of thirty-six patients with gliomas(1 5 low-grade and 21 high-grade gliomas)were obtained before therapy.Standard clinical MR imaging and SWI were performed at GE 3.0T scanner.All SWI postprocessed images were reviewed independently by two neuroradiologists and the number of vessels in tumor region were scored. Tumor were graded according to the World Health Organization classification.Results In 1 5 cases of low-grade glioma,semiquanti-tative assessment of pathological vascularity scored 0 in 6 cases,1 in 9 cases.In 21 cases of high-grade gliomas,semiquantitative as-sessment of pathological vascularity scored 2 in 18 cases,3 in 2 cases,1 in 1 case.There was a statistical significance between low-grade and high-grade gliomas(Z =-5.327,P <0.05).The grade of intratumoral pathological vascularity detected on SWI was asso-ciated with tumor grade.Conclusion It is usefull that SWI semiquantitative assessment of pathlogical vascularity in grading cerebral gliomas between low-grade and high-grade.

Objective To explore the expressions and significance of miRNA - 101,enhancer of ZESTE homo-log 2(EZH2)and transforming growth factor(TGF)- β1 in the kidneys with complete uniateral ureteral obstruction (CUUO). Methods Thirty male SD rats,(6 ± 1)weeks old,weighted(150 ± 10)g,were divided into sham group, 7 - day group with CUUO and 14 - day group with CUUO by using random number table method,10 rats in each group. The obstructed kidney samples were collected in 7 and 14 days,respectively,for detecting the expression of miRNA -101 by real time - polymerase chain reaction(RT - PCR)and TGF - β1 and EZH2 protein by Western blot,immuno-histochemistry and hematoxylin - eosin staining. Their correlated expressions were analyzed. Results RT - PCR results showed that the expressions of miRNA - 101 in sham group and 7 - day group with CUUO were(12. 69 ± 1. 60)times and(3. 74 ± 1. 24)times which were higher than those of 14 - day group with CUUO,respectively,there was a signifi-cant difference among these 3 groups(P ﹤ 0. 05). The expressions of TGF - β1 and EZH2 proteins were 1. 14 ± 0. 12, 1. 04 ± 0. 14,0. 76 ± 0. 18 and 1. 04 ± 0. 04,0. 89 ± 0. 03,0. 73 ± 0. 02 in 14 - day group with CUUO,7 - day group with CUUO and sham group,respectively. There was a negative correlation between miRNA - 101 with EZH2( r =- 0. 92,P ﹤ 0. 05),and negative correlation with TGF - β1(r = - 0. 63,P ﹤ 0. 05),and positive correlation between EZH2 and TGF - β1(r = 0. 67,P ﹤ 0. 05);the expressions of miRNA - 101,EZH2 and TGF - β1 were associated with each other in obstruction renal in different time periods. Conclusions With the extension of obstruction time, miRNA - 101 expression decreased,EZH2 and TGF - β1 expression increased,evidently,which indicates that the de-velopment of renal interstitial fibrosis may be affected through regulating EZH2 expression of renal obstruction through miRNA - 101 in the young rats.

Purpose To evaluate the myocardial perfusion in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats with insulin intervention at different times by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) so as to explore the value of MCE in evaluating the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).Materials and Methods In this prospective study,90 rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group,DM group and insulin intervention (INS) group,with 30 rats in each group.After the DM models were established,the INS group was then divided into three subgroups of A,B and C treated with insulin intervention at 0,4 and 8 weeks respectively and further treated continuously for 12 weeks.The NC and DM groups were also randomly divided into three subgroups and fed synchronously just as the INS group but without insulin intervention.At the end of 12,16 and 20 weeks after modeling,the rats in each subgroup were examined by MCE.The changes of myocardial blood volume (A),blood velocity (β) and blood flow (A×β) were analyzed,and the myocardial tissues were also collected for pathological examination.Results A,β and A×β were increased in INS group compared with DM group (P＜0.05).Compared with NC group,the values of INS group including A×β in A subgroup,A and A×β in B subgroup,A,β and A×β in C subgroup were decreased (all P＜0.05).In INS group,there was no difference in the three values of myocardial blood between A and B subgroup (P＞0.05),but A and A×β were lower in C subgroup than those in A subgroup (P＜0.05).On pathology,the thickness of capillary basement membrane of INS group improved compared with DM group;the capillary density of INS group increased compared with DM group,but there was significant difference only inA subgroup (P＜0.05).Conclusion Early insulin intervention can improve myocardial microvascular structure and increase myocardial blood flow.MCE can be used to evaluate the myocardial microcirculation of DCM rats sensitively and accurately,which can be used as an important method for early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of DCM with clinical significance.

As there are not many research reports on segmentation and quantitative analysis of soft tissues in lumbar medical images, this paper presents an algorithm for segmenting and quantitatively analyzing discs in lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Vertebrae are first segmented using improved Independent component analysis based active appearance model (ICA-AAM), and lumbar curve is obtained with Minimum Description Length (MDL); based on these results, fast and unsupervised Markov Random Field (MRF) disc segmentation combining disc imaging features and intensity profile is further achieved; finally, disc herniation is quantitatively evaluated. The experiment proves that the proposed algorithm is fast and effective, thus providing doctors with aid in diagnosing and curing lumbar disc herniation.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Intervertebral Disc ; pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Markov Chains