Dystonia is common in children with cerebral palsy. It can cause motor dysfunction, and is frequently associated with altered speech articulation, abnormal swallowing, and excessive drooling. Although trihexyphenidyl (Artane) is an anticholinergic agent with a long history of use in the management of dystonia in adults, information is limited regarding the use of trihexyphenidyl in children. This study reviewed the clinical experience of the use of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy for dystonia, with special emphasis on benefits and tolerability.

CD5+ B cells are derived from early stage precursors independently on bone marrow. It is an important subtype of B cells. Abnormalities of number and function of CD5+ B cells are found in several kinds of autoimmune diseases and B lymphocyte malignancies. Recently,the abnormalities are also found in AIDS,hepatitis, schizophrenia and the regeneration of liver cells, which indicates that CD5+ B cell may have extensively clinical significance.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic and theraputic problems in patients with smooth muscle tumors of the duodenum.Method The clinical data from 7 cases smooth muscle tumors were analyzed retrospectively which were treated surgically and confirmed pathologically in our hospital from 1987 to 2001.Results Of all the cases,4 had a leiomyoma in the duodenum and 3 leiomysarcoma.This disease is lack of pathognomonic sign and difficult for early diagnosis.All the cases were treated surgically and got good results.Conclusions Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common in patients with this disease.Upper gastrointestinal tract examination and gastrduodenoscopy and CT scan are the main methods for diagnosis.Operation is the best choice for treatment.

The myocardial cell respiration and the activity of pyruvic acid dehydrogenase system and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) in blood weredetermined in rats fed by deficient selenium (Se) diet, supplement Se dietand Xian diet. The absorbed oxygen value of myocardial cell respirationwas 52. 5 ? 3. 78, 69. 75 ? 5. 34, 77. 63 ? 4. 38 O ?l/40min/100mg myocardium(mean ? SE ) in deficient Se group, supplement group, and xian group, re-spectively. The difference between deficient Se group and supplement Segroup or Xian group was significant (P

Objective To investigate the etiology, pathology, diagnosis and management of patients with fat necrosis of breast (FNB). Method The clinical data of 50 cases of FNB confirmed pathologically in our hospital from 1966 to 2001 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the patients in this series were females with the average age of 32.5 years and 56% of the patients over 30 years. The main clinical feature was breast lump and some of the patients had a trauma history. 48 patients were treated surgically and other 2 got an accurate diagnosis by biopsy and were treated by non operative therapy. Conclusions FNB is easily misdiagnosed and difficult to be differentiated from breast cancer, thus the surgery or needle biopsy is recommended.

Objective To summarize the ruptured types, operational ways and therapy effect for rupture of aortic sinus aneurysm.Methods The operational cured 55 cases with aneurysm of aortic sinus were retrospectively analysed.Results There were 46 cases of right aortic sinus aneurysm, 45 cases among them rupture was peretrated into right ventricle, one rupture was peretrated into right atrium;there were null aneurysm of aortic sinus, 5 cases among them ruptured into right atrium, 2 cases ruptured into right ventricle; 2 cases of left aneurysm of aortic sinus, ruptured into left ventricular. There were 24 cases with ventricular septal defect, 32 cases with aortic valvular imcompetence, 6 cases with other diseases, 8 cases complicated with infective endocarditis. All cases underwent operational treatment, one patient who had severe left heart failure and huge left ventricle before operation died from refractory arrhythemia after operation, another who had severe infective endocarditis,and patients with cardic function degree Ⅳ were died from low cardic output syndrome, others were better.Conclusions The right aneurysm of aortic sinus were the most types, and it always ruptured into right ventricle; It suggests that it is important for aneurysm of aortic sinus should be operated as early as possible in order to avoid losing the chance of operation, particular in the patients complicated with infective endocarditis .

Objective To investigate the urodynamic measurements in later pregnant women with urinary incontinence. Methods According to the symptoms, a total of 63 volunteers in later pregnancy were divided into two groups including urinary incontinence group and no symptom group. Fourteen women who were married but not delivered were included in control group. Urodynamic study was performed on all women. Results The occurrence rate of urinary incontinence in later pregnancy was 26.98%. The valsalva leak point pressure only occurred on two pregnant women were 50 cmH2O and 67 cmH2O respectively. Compared with the no symptom group, the maximum urethral closure pressure[(83.69±42.55)mmHg vs(108.09±34.95)mmHg, P＜0.05])and the functional urethral length [(30.45±8.42)mm vs (37.60±18.45)mm ,P＜0.05]of urinary incontinence group were decreased obviously. Conclusions The main reason of urinary incontinence in pregnancy was that the maximum urethral closure pressure could not sufficiently increase to compensate for the progressive increase in bladder pressure during pregnancy and functional urethral length could not correspondingly increase along with the pregnancy.

Purpose:To study the expression of CK19 and CK2 0mRNA in peripheral blood patients with FRGO Stage ⅠA to ⅡA cervical carcinoma and to investigate its clinical significance. Methods:Using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reacti on(RT-PCR),CK19 and CK20mRNA expression was examined in peripheral blood fro m 250 patients with early cervical carcinoma before operation,50 Patients with benign gynecological tumors and 18 healthy volunteers. In 250 patients,possible correlations between clinical pathological factors were analyzed. Results:The positive expression rates of CK19 and CK20mRNA were 36% and 24% in 250 cervical carcinomas respectively,in comparison with 3.0% an d 0% with benign gynecological tumors and all subjects in healthy volunteers wer e negative; The expression of CK19 and CK20 mRNA were significantly correlated w ith lymph vascular space involvement,but was not associated with prognostic fac tors including stage,differentiation,pathological types ,lymph node metastasis ,bully tumor size . In patients with CK19 mRNA(+)/CK20 mRNA(+),the rate of lymp h node metastasis and vascular space involvement and recurrence outside the pelv is was significantly higher than that of patients with CK1R mNA9(-)/CK20 mRNA(- )(P

The incidence of rectal cancer has been increasing in recent years .It leads to more attention of scholars at home and abroad ,which the efficacy of rectal cancer has been improved by using neoadjuvant therapy all over the world .It is included preoperative radiotherapy ,preoperative chemotherapy and preoperative chemora-diotherapy .Preoperative radiotherapy ,which can be divided into short radiotherapy and conventional radiotherapy , are evaluated by comparison of T drop rate ,sphincter preservation rate ,complete remission rate and other indica-tors of clinical effect .Although the experience of pure preoperative chemotherapy is not rich enough ,it still has an advantage in lowering the tumour stage and other aspects .Currently, preoperative chemoradiotherapy is a good choice for rectal cancer ,because it could make an obvious advantage in the treatment ,at the same time ,three-di-mensional radiotherapy can make target more evenly distributed and focus treatment more precise .However,neo-adjuvant therapy has insufficient support in clinical in our country.So it needs to get more information for clinical effectiveness of applying preoperative chemoradiotherapy .This study is to summarize the new adjuvant treatment of rectal cancer .

Objective To observe the operative effects of coronary artery fistula. Methods Malformations and operative results of 23 cases with coronary artery fistula were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 13 cases of fistula of right coronary artery, 9 cases of fistula of left coronary artery, one cases of fistula of two coronary artery; 9 cases of coronary artery fistula opened into right ventricle,6 cases opened into right atrium, 3 cases opened into pulmonary artery, 2 cases opened into the sinus of coronary veins, 2 cases opened into left atrium, 2 cases opened into left ventricle, 3 cases were multiple fistulas. All cases received surgical treatment, excepttion for one cases of multiple fistulas had small residue fistula, the others were better. Conclusion At pressent,the operation treatment is the best method for fistula of coronary artery .