Objective To explore the operative methods of open reduction and fixation for the old trimalleolus fractures. Methods Fifty-eight patients of the old trimalleolus fractures were treated from January 2000 to January 2004. There are 41 males and 17 females with an average age of 43 years (ranged from 19 to 61 years). The average time of postinjury was 48 days (ranged from 29-76 days). The fractures were classified by Lauge-Hansen system. Supination-external rotation type in 37 cases. Pronation-external rotation type in 21 cases. The anterior-medial approach and anterior-lateral approach were chosen. Explore the original fracture line of medial and lateral malleolus sharply, resect scar tissue at the fagment and ankle mortise, make the ankle joint valgus, expose the posterior malleolus fragment directly and explore the original fracture line. Reducted and fixed the posterior malleolus. According to the fibular crest, the normal length and alignment were recovered. The fracture was fixed with 1/3 tubular plate or ordinary plate. Medial malleolus was fixed with screw or tention band. The time of partial weight bearing was 10-12 weeks. Results The mean duration of follow up was 37 months (range from 18-65 months). Superficial skin necrosis was in 2 cases. The wound delayed union in 4 cases. The average time of fracture healing was 25 weeks(range from 21-29 weeks). The fibula malalignment in 2 cases. 6 cases developed arthrosis. 2 cases in this 6 patients had a good reduction of fractures. The average time of the operation in this 6 patients was 58.5 d after injury. According to the AOFAS scoring system, excellent in 31 cases, good in 22 cases, fair in 5 cases. The total rate of good results was 91.4%. The pain score was up to 20 in 5 cases. 9 cases had restriction of dorsiflexion with less than 10?. Conclusion The excellent reduction and clinical results were obtained by explore the original fracture line sharply, reduct posterior malleolus fragment directly and maintain normal length of the fibula, rotation and alignment for the old trimaleolus fractures which injuried within 76 days.

Objective To evaluate the early and middle outcome of deep circumflex iliac arterial vascularized iliac bone grafting to delayed femoral neck fractures in young patients. Methods Thirty-one delayed femoral neck fractures were treated from January 1997 to December 2003. Complete data were available in 26 cases (19 males and 7 females). The patients' age ranged from 15 to 38 years old with the average of 25 years old. 17 cases suffered from traffic accidents and 9 cases from falling injury. There were 11 cases in Garden type Ⅲ and 15 cases in type Ⅳ. 11 cases exhibited nonunion after conservative treatment and another 15 nonunion cases had previous surgery history. The initial operation included closed reduction and steinmann pin fixation or open reduction and threaded pin or steinmann pin fixation. The average duration from injury to the second operation was 8.5 months (range from 6 to 17 months). Most of the patients presented shorten limbs and limited hip function in difference degree. Open reduction, deep circumflex iliac artery vascularized iliac bone grafting and cannulate screw fixation were performend. Partial weight bearing started on 6 to 8 months postoperatively and full weight bearing on 11 months postoperatively. Results The mean duration of follow up was forty-one months (range from 28 to 69 months). Fracture healed successfully in 26 cases. The average time of fracture healing was 12.5 months (range from 11 to 15 months). Two femoral head necroses were noted during the follow-up period. The 5 cases of obvious shortened limbs stop progressing after surgery. Harris hip joint function score was on average 82.8. Conclusion Deep circumflex iliac artery vascularized iliac bone grafting can improve the blood supply to fractured femoral head. As a result, it's an effective way to enhance delayed femoral neck fracture.

Aim To investigate the effect of 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin(BrMChR) on apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cell line.Methods SGC-7901 cells were cultured and the inhibitory effect of BrMChR on the proliferation of SGC-7901 cell line was measured by MTT assay.The apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells induced by BrMChR was analyzed using flow cytometry (FCM) with PI staining.DNA ladder bands were observed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis.Results MTT assay suggested that BrMChR markedly inhibited the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in a concentration-dependent manner,its IC50 was 2.6 ?mol?L-1,the potency of BrMChR was 8 times more than that of lead compound,chrysin (ChR,IC50 was 16.5 ?mol?L-1),and was 3 times more than that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU,IC50 was 7.7 ?mol?L-1). FCM with PI staining indicated the apoptotic rate of SGC-7901 cell line treated with BrMChR (1.25,5.00,20.00 ?mol?L-1) for 48 h was (19.8%?0.2%),(36.8%?1.9%) and (45.5%?3.5%) respectively and the rate treated with BrMChR (1.25 ?mol?L-1) was higher than that treated with ChR (20.00 ?mol?L-1,12.9%?1.5%). DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed that when treated with BrMChR(20.00 ?mol?L-1) for 48 h,the gene DNA of SGC-7901 cells presented typical DNA ladder bands which could attenuated by the effect of pre-incubation of GW9662(10.00 ?mol?L-1),a blocker of PPAR?.Conclusion BrMChR might induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cell line partially by activating PPAR?.

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for determining epichlorohydrin in the workplace air by gas chromatograph-electron capture detector (GC-ECD).

METHODSEpichlorohydrin in the workplace air was collected by activated charcoal tubes, desorbed using acetone, and analyzed by GC-ECD.

RESULTSA good linearity was obtained in the range of 1.0-50 µg/mL (r=0.999 7). The detection limit was 0.012 µg/ml, while the recovery rate was 88.1% and relative standard deviation ranged from 1.11% to 3.57%. The samples could be stored for seven days at room temperature.

CONCLUSIONThis method effectively eliminates the interferences of alkanes on determination of epichlorohydrin and improves the sensitivity by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, which can solve the problem of detection limit above standard in GBZ/T 160.58-2004.

The cis-epoxysuccinate hydrolase (CESH) from Rhizobium strain BK-20 is the key enzyme for L(+)-tartaric acid production. To establish a highly efficient and stable production process, we first optimized the enzyme production from Rhizobium strain BK-20, and then developed an immobilized cell-culture process for sustained production of L(+)-tartaric acid. The enzyme activity of free cells reached (3 498.0 +/- 142.6) U/g, and increased by 643% after optimization. The enzyme activity of immobilized cells reached (2 817.2 +/- 226.7) U/g, under the optimal condition with sodium alginate as carrier, cell concentration at 10% (W/V) and gel concentration at 1.5% (W/V). The immobilized cells preserved high enzyme activity and normal structure after 10 repeated batches. The conversion rate of the substrate was more than 98%, indicating its excellent production stability.
Alginates ; chemistry ; Cells, Immobilized ; Glucuronic Acid ; chemistry ; Hexuronic Acids ; chemistry ; Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Rhizobium ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Tartrates ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of psychological intervention on visual acuity,quality of life and satisfaction degree of nurse-patient relationship in patients with cataract during perioperative period. Methods120 cases of cataract patients from September 2009 to March 2010 during perioperative period in our hospital were enrolled,and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,the experimental group was given psychological intervention based upon routine nursing.The postoperative visual acuity,the quality of life and the satisfaction degree with nurse-patient relationship were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe postoperative visual acuity,quality of life and satisfaction degree with nurse-patient relationship were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group. ConclusionsThe psychological intervention for cataract patients can improve their visual acuity,quality of life and satisfaction degree with nurse-patient relationship,and it is worthy of wide application.

Aim To investigate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin ( BrMC ) can reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) in sphere-forming cells (SFCs) derived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line. Methods Human cervical cancer SiHa cell line was cultured in vitro and then SFCs were obtained from Si-Ha cell line using suspension culture with the stem-condition culture system. After treatment with BrMC for 72 h, the morphology of SFCs of SiHa cell line was observed via monolayer adherence culture. The expres-sion levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Twist1 pro-teins were analyzed using western blot assay. Results SFCs of SiHa cell line presented the mesenchyme-like( spindle-shaped) cell shape and exhibited reduced E-cadherin and elevated N-cadherin protein expres-sion, compared with the parental cells. After treatment with BrMC(1. 0 μmol·L-1 ) for 72 h, SFCs of SiHa cell line changed from spindle-shaped cells in to poly-gon shaped cells under monolayer adherence culture. After treatment with BrMC for 24 h, the expression lev-els of E-cadherin protein were up-regulated and the ex-pression levels of N-cadherin and Twist1 proteins were decreased in SFCs derived from SiHa cell line. Con-clusion BrMC effectively reverses EMT of SFCs de-rived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line, and its mechanism is involved in down-regulating the expres-sion of Twist protein.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of ketamine on inflammatory cytokines in rabbits with severe burn at early stage and preliminarily approach its regulatory action on early stage of inflammatory reaction due to stress of trauma.Methods Forty healthy male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups in accord with the random number table method: normal control group, scald model group, ketamine analgesia group and ketamine anesthesia group. Before scald, pentobarbital sodium was used for anesthesia, afterwards catheters were inserted into internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery respectively ready for use, and 24 hours later, Ⅲ degree scald at the animal back and buttocks occupying 30% total body surface area (TBSA) was performed as the scald model for all the rabbits except those in normal control group. In ketamine analgesia group, after scald for 0.5 hour, 0.5 mg/kg ketamine intravenous injection was given to the rabbits as the loading dosage and then persistent intravenous pump infusion of 9μg·kg-1·min-1 ketamine was applied for all together 24 hours. In ketamine anesthesia group, after scald for 0.5 hour, 1.5 mg/kg ketamine intravenous injection was given to the rabbits, and then persistent intravenous pump infusion of 45μg·kg-1·min-1 ketamine was applied for 4 hours to maintain systemic anesthesia. In normal control and scald model groups, only intravenous infusion of equal amount of normal saline was given to the rabbits. The amount of intravenous transfusion in each group and the total dosages of ketamine used in ketamine analgesia group and ketamine anesthesia group were recorded. Before scald and 0.5, 6, 12, 24 hours after scald, arterial blood gas analyses were made, and the levels of serum interleukins (IL-1, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined.Results Although the indexes of blood gas analysis were changed in the four groups, they were all in the normal range, showing that the respiratory function was in the normal range and indirectly reflecting that the circulatory function was also in the normal range, thus the effects on cytokines by factors of respiratory and circulatory functions were ruled out. The levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α before scald showed no statistically significant differencesamong the four groups (allP > 0.05). From 0.5 hour after scald, the levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were markedly higher in model group than those of normal control group [IL-1 (ng/L): 30.27±0.93 vs. 13.79±1.11, IL-6 (ng/L): 47.22±1.49 vs. 46.31±4.12, TNF-α (ng/L): 243.39±20.85 vs. 190.95±14.97, allP < 0.05], and the situation continued until 24 hours after scald; the levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α from 6 hours after scald were significantly decreased in ketamine analgesia and ketamine anesthesia groups compared with those in the model group, and from 12 hours after scald, the degrees of descent in levels of the above indexes in ketamine analgesia group were more obvious than those in ketamine anesthesia group [IL-1 (ng/L): 19.28±2.51 vs. 40.12±10.31, IL-6 (ng/L): 52.10±4.23 vs. 72.20±10.11, TNF-α (ng/L): 246.03±20.74 vs. 313.71±27.34, allP < 0.05].Conclusion The low-dose ketamine analgesia and ketamine anesthesia have certain degree of inhibitory effect on the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines at the early stage in rabbits with severe burn, the effect of long-term low-dose ketamine analgesia being more significant.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in advanced lung cancer patients during and after chemotherapy. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 119 cases suffered from nosocomial infections from 628 cases with lung cancer was made. RESULTS The nosocomial infection rate was 18.9%.The most common infection site was respiratory tract,followed by gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.The ratio of G-bacilli to total bacteria examined was 49.5%,and the bacilli were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa,followed by Escherichia coli.The ratio of G +bacilli and fungi to total bacteria examined were 27.8% and 22.7%,respectively. CONCLUSIONS It is found that the risk factors of nosocomial infection in lung cancer patients are central type of lung cancer,retreated patients,hypoalbuminosis,lower CD4 +/CD8 + ratio,invasive operation,time of using broad-spectrum antibiotics and longer hospital stay and the higher risk factors are grades 3-4 neutropenia and infections due to accompanying persons.