Voiding dysfunction is common in children,urodynamic study is necessary to evaluate voiding dysfunction.Recently,urodynamic studies in children with voiding dysfunction have been performed with increasing frequency as the techniques have been applied in most hospitals widely.New technologies,such as ultrasound urine flow in newborns and ambulatory urodynamics monitoring in children,have been used.Urodynamic has been used routinely in children with neurogenic bladder in China.This review summarized the application of urodynamics in children with voiding dysfunction and the relevant terminologies in pediatric urodynamics,in order to provide a reference for clinical applications and researches.

Background:Psychological factor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Depression,anxiety may share the pathogenesis with irritable bowel syndrome( IBS),therefore,more and more attention has been paid to anti-depression and anti-anxiety in the treatment of IBS. Aims:To evaluate the effect of addition of flupentixol and melitracen tablets on IBS with depression and anxiety. Methods:Sixty IBS patients with depression and anxiety were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. Patients in control group were given live combined Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium enteric-coated capsules and trimebutine maleate,while paitents in treatment group were received flupentixol and melitracen tablets in addition to the above-mentioned medicine. Treatment course was 8 weeks. Hamilton depression scale,Hamilton anxiety scale and symptom score were evaluated before and after treatment. Results:Compared with control group,depression and anxiety in treatment group were obviously improved(P<0. 05);the relief rates of abdominal pain and diarrhea were significantly increased( P <0. 05 );and the total symptom score were significantly decreased(P<0. 05);the total effective rate was significantly increased(93. 3% vs. 76. 7%,P<0. 05). However,no significant difference in incidence of adverse reaction was found between the two groups. Conclusions:Additon of flupentixol and melitracen tablets can significantly improve the curative effect on IBS with depression and anxiety.

Objectives To increase the safety of blood supply and to evaluate the feasibility of Nucleic Acid amplification test (NAT) of blood donations in blood bank. Methods Individual donor plasma samples serologically negative for HCV, HBV and HIV detected by ELISA were pooled according to the size of 20?50 ?l. HCV RNA and HBV DNA in pooled samples were detected by AcuGen AG 9600 AmpliSensor qualitative PCR methods. Individual donor plasma samples in positive pooled samples were further tested by PCR. Results One(0.01%)of 8805 donations was PCR for HCV RNA positive. Six (0.4%)of 1 441 donations were PCR for HBV DNA positive. The whole procedure took three days from pooling donor plasma samples to identifying the positive samples. Conclusion It is feasible to incorporate NAT into ELISA screening blood donations for HBV and HCV. NAT will further increase the safety of blood supply.

Objective To study the similarities and differences of personality in patients with body-dysmorphic disorder(BDD),obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) and ordinary person.As well as to provide information for clinical therapy. Methods All BDD patients( n =29),OCD controls( n =30) and normal controls( n =30) completed Self Rating Scale of Body Image (SRSBI) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results Ten clinical scales score of MMPI in BDD were found significant higher than normal controls which including hypochondriasis,depression,hysteria, psychopathic deviate, masculinity-femininity, paranoia,psychasthenia,schizophrenia,and social introversion.Four clinical scales[(68.18±8.70),(65.44±8.73),(61.39±9.37),(60.70±12.88)] were significant higher than OCD controls[(61.09±13.29),(58.82±10.26 ),(56.23±9.58),(50.03±12.63)] which including psychopathic deviate,psychasthenia,schiaophrenia and social introversion( P ＜0.05). But hysteria scale was significant lower than OCD controls( P ＜0.01). Conclusion BDD patients have abnormal personality which is more significant than OCD patients. Significant abnormal personality are likely the psychopathology of BDD from which the clinic symptom produced.

Objective:To approach the role of lymphangiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical double staining technique was utilized to distinguish lymphatic vessels from blood vessels. MLVD was determined by manual counting to analyze the relationship with lymph node metastasis. Results: MLVD was significantly higher in 40 OSCC than 14 normal mucosa(P<0.01). MLVD in OSCC showed a statistically significant relationship with regional lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion(P<0.01). Conclusion: Lymphangiogenesis might occur in growth, infiltration and metastasis of OSCC. Detection of MLVD in OSCC might be important to evaluate tumor metastasis and judge prognosis.

To evaluate the inhibitory effect of recombinant adenoviruses p16 (Ad p16) combined with Ad p53 on human cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 in vitro. Expression of p16 was low and p53 was negative in QBC939 cells. High level of p16 and p53 expressions were observed in QBC939 cell line transfected with Ad p16 and Ad p53. The growth rates of the Ad p16 infected combined with Ad p53 infected QBC939 cells were inhibited, which was higher than those of the Ad p53 or close to Ad p16 transfection. Colony formation in Ad p16 with Ad p53 transfected cells greatly decreased versus Ad p16 transfected or Ad p53 transfected cells. The Ad p16, Ad p53 and Ad p16 with Ad p53 transfected cells manifested apoptosis and G 1 arrest, which were confirmed by the flow cytometry. The suppression effects mediated by expression of the exogenous p16 with p53 in tumor cell resulted mainly from apoptosis and G 1 arrest, which is higher than exogenous p16 or p53.

Objective To focus on the complication and manipulation of the ventricle-peritoneal(V-P) shunt operation.Methods The former clinical datas of the V-P operation were reviewed .Results Death rate was 13 percent,infect rate was 13 percent and re-operation rate was 18 percent.Conclusion The rate of the V-P operation complications is so high that avoiding the complications is important to improve success.

Objective Through observing clinical effects of Western medicine,Chinese medicine and Chinese combined with western medicine in the treatment of depressive disorder (DD),the author tried to investigate a safer,more effective and obedient therapeutic method. Methods 120 DD patients were randomly recruited into three groups.Patients in group A were orally given clomipramine 25mg,3/d and Jieyu Huatan mixture 50ml,2/d;Patients in group B were orally given Jieyu Huatan mixture 50ml,2/d;Patients in group C were orally given clomipramine 25rag,3/d.After 6 weeks,Hamilton's depression (HAMD) and treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) scale were used to assess the efficacy and safety.Results Altogether116 patients completed the whole treatment.Total clinical effective rate,effective rate of symptom improvement,and HAMD total cut-rate were 95.00%,92.50%,69.13±29.47% in the group A,69.23%,64.10%,53.22±25.78 % in the group,and 70.27%,64.87%,53.47±26.29% in the group C respectively.Patients in the group A were significantly better than the other two groups (P＜0.01) in terms of the indications mentioned above,while no significant difference showed between the group B and the group C (P＞0.05).Meanwhile the TESS score in the group A and B was lower than the group C (P＜0.01),and there was no significant difference between the group A and the group B (P＞0.05).Conelusion The treatment of Jieyu Huatan mixture combined with clomipramine is more effective and faster onset of action,having fewer side effects and reasonable cost.This method is a good way in the treatment of depressive disorder.

Objective To investigate into the indications and related anatomic foundation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS) creation by direct transcaval approach in patients with portal hypertension cirrhosis suffering unusual anatomy between the hepatic veins and portal bifurcation; and to evaluate the security, feasibility and clinical significance. Methods Direct transcaval approach TIPS were performed in 65 patients including active variceal bleeding (n=52), intractable ascites (n=12), and as a bridge to liver transplantation (n=1). Results Technical and functional success were achieved in all patients. The success rate was 100% without related complications including the technique and primary patency rate is obvious higher than classical TIPS. Conclusion In patients with unusual anatomy between the hepatic veins and portal bifurcation, and inaccessible or inadequate hepatic veins, transcaval TIPS creation is secure and feasible. The results suggest that the direct transcaval approach offering favorable primary patency because the shunt has a straight line in construction.

Objective To investigate the effects of regional infusion of hypothermic normal saline contained captopril on free radicals level and myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity in rabbits during spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion(I/R).Methods The 80 rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups,group A(sham operated,no I-R injury,n=8),group B(control,only I/R,n=24),group C(I/R + intraaortic hypothermic normal saline,n=24),and group D(I/R + N.S plus 4mg/kg captopril,n=24).The model of spinal cord ischemia in the rabbit was induced with the aorta clamped.Hypothermic solution was infused into the isolated aortic segments.The content of spinal cord MDA and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),MPO were measured at 8h,24h and 72 h after the reperfusion respectively.Results The level of spinal cord MDA increased,the activity of SOD decreased and the activity of MPO increased markedly after the reperfusion.Compared with group B,the MDA content decreased significantly at the three observation time points and the MPO activity decreased significantly in groups C and D(all P