Objective: To assess whether selective head cooling (SHC)could ameliorate the post-ischemie reperfusion injury. Method: Complete cerebral ischemia (CCI)was induced with the four vessel model for 30 min. 196 New Zealand rebbits were randomly allocated into three groups:group Ⅰ served as nonischemie control; animals in three subgroups of other groups had reperfused lasting 30,180 and 360 min respectively following CCI. Group Ⅱ served as normothermic reperfusion; group Ⅲ treated with selective head cooling(28℃,). Twenty-one endogenous parameters in brain were determined, and histomorphological assessment of neuronal chanes was observed. Neurons were classified respectively into type A(normal)and B(mild damage)etc. Result: As compared with group Ⅰ, the percentage of type A neurons was progressively decreased, while that of type B neurons increased sigmficantly in group Ⅰ (P

0.05). The pressure on the first molar from cheek was higher than that from tongue( P

Resident training is an important part of after-graduation education for medical students,and is also an important way to cultivate qualified medical talents.With 20 years management experience of resident standardized training,Xuan-Wu Hospital has found 8 aspects,including leaders'attention and implement,process management,base construction,test assessment,24-hour system,guiding teacher system,rewards and punishment system,and scientific research were related to the quality of the resident standardized training.

Objective To explore the possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of ifenprodil by investigating its effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and activity and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Fifty-four adult male SD rats weighing 280-320 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 18 each) : I sham operation group (group S) ; II focal cerebral I/R group (group I/R) and Ⅲ ifenpradil preconditioning group (group IF) received intraperitoneal ifenprodil 10 mg/kg before focal cerebral I/R. Focal cerebral I/R was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) . A 3-0 nylon thread with rounded tip was inserted into right internal jugular vein and threaded cranially until resistance was met. MCAO was maintained for 2 h. At 48 h after reperfusion, the animals were assessed for neurological function which was scored (0 = no functional deficit, 4 = unable to crawl, unconscious) and then decapitated. The brains were immediately removed for microscopic examination and determination of iNOS protein expression and activity, NO content and apoptosis in the ischemic core (IC) and penumbra (IP). Results Ifenprodil pretreatment significantly decreased the cerebral infarct size and neurological scores in group IF as compared with group I/R. In group I/R the iNOS activity was increased compared with group S.The iNOS activity and NO content were significantly lower in IP than in IC in group IR and IF. The TUNEL-positive cells were also mainly confined to IP. Compared with group I/R, in group IF the iNOS protein expression was significantly down-regulated in IC and IP and the iNOS activity and NO content in IC and IP were suppressed and TUNEL-positive cells were significantly reduced in IP. Conclusion Ifenprodil pretreatment has protective effect against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting iNOS protein expression in IP, suppressing iNOS activity and NO content and reducing apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of dezocine combined with sufentanil on postop-erative analgesia and side effects in the upper-abdominal surgery and hip replacement surgery,and ex-plore the potential mechanisms.Methods One hundred patients scheduled for selective upper-abdomi-nal operation and hip replacement surgery were randomly divided into group dezocine (group D), dezocine 0.3 mg/kg combined with sufentanil 1 μg/kg group(group DS1),dezocine 0.3 mg/kg com-bined with sufentanil 1.5 μg/kg group(group DS2)and dezocine 0.3 mg/kg combined with sufentanil 2 μg/kg group(group DS3).Analgesia was maintained by remifentanil 6-8 μg·kg-1·h-1 under total intravenous anesthesia.Patients were administered 5 μg sufentanil during sewing the skin.Visual Analogue Score (VAS)of both silence and 90°turn over situation,Ramsay score,and adverse effects at 1 h (T1 ),4 h (T2 ),8 h (T3 ),12 h (T4 ),24 h (T5 ),36 h (T6 ),48 h (T7 )after the operation were recorded respectively.Results The total amount of sufentanil and dezocine of group DS1 group showed a significant higher than the other three groups (P <0.05).The VAS in silence of group DS1 were higher than group DS3 at T1-T3 (P <0.05).There was no significant difference in VAS under 90°turn over situation.The side effect of group DS3 were higher than the other three groups (P <0.05).Conclusion Dezocine combined with sufentanil for postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)is effective and safe in patients undergoing upper-abdominal surgery and hip replace-ment surgery,and while dezocine 0.3 mg/kg combined with sufentanil 1.5 μg/kg,it has the best effect of postoperative analgesia and least side effects.

A method for the determination of methylmercury in seafood has been developed using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by direct mercury analyzer. Total mercury was detected by direct mercury analyzer, and inorganic mercury was calculated by the difference. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, including the selection of extractant and dispersant, their volume ratio, concentration of HCl and NaCl have been optimized in this study. The results showed that CH2 Cl2 as extractant, ethanol as dispersant, Volume ration of 1:5, 1 mol/L HCl and 120 g/L NaCl were chosen. The detection limit and the dynamic liner range were 0. 10 μg/L and 0. 2-20 μg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation was 6. 0% for eleven replicates at the spiked level of 2. 0 μg/L. The enrichment factor was 8. For total Hg determination, the detection limit and the dynamic liner range for methylmercury were 0. 10 μg/kg and 0. 2-50 μg/kg, respectively. The relative standard deviation was 2. 4%. The method was simple, fast and a little solvent needed. Some certified reference materials were analyzed to validate the accuracy of the proposed method, and the results were in good agreement with the reference value. Besides, the method was applied to the real samples with satisfactory results.

Objective To provide useful suggestion for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis by analyzing the density of the lumbar vertibra of normal Uygar and Han people in Xinjiang.Methods Normal Uygar males were 104,Uygar females were 85, Han males were 230,Han females were 182,the age ranged from 20 to 69 and was divided into five groups.Cann-Genant method was adopted to make human skeleton model,by which the density of bone was worked out.Results (1)The bone density was obviously negatively interrelated to age (?

Objective To study the expressions of EGFR and VEGF in endometrium after danazol pretreatment and the pathological changes of endometrium. Methods A total of 60 patients with anovulartory functional bleeding were randomly divided into two groups: Danazol group and control group with 30 cases in each group. Danazol group were given transcervical resection of endometrium with danazol pretreatment, and control group without any pretreatment. The endometrium resected from uterus was sent for histological assessment, observation of the grandular quantity and stromal loose degree, and of the expressions of EGFR and VEGF in endometrium. Results The endometrium of patients who took Danazol were almost in proliferative phase(similar to early proliferative phase).The numbers of endometrial glands near the basal layer with Danazol pretreatment were lower than that in the control group; the stromal components (+～) were more compact than the contral group (～). The expression intensity and rates of EGFR and VEGF in glands were higher than those of stromal components. Danazol decreased the expression of EGFR and VEGF in endometrium compared to the control group. Conclusion Pretreatment with Danazol can suppress the prolifieration of endometrial cells, thin the endometrium,and disperse the glands, compact the stromal components, and it can also reduce the expressions of EGFR and VEGF in endometrial glands and stromal components compared with the control group.

Objective To evaluate radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy.Methods The clinical data of 57 patients undergoing anatomical hepatectomy with radiofrequency ablation (radiofrequency ablation group) from Jul 2010 to May 2013 in Tangdu Hospital were compared with those 57 cases using traditional clamp crushing resection during the same period.Results There was no mortality perioperatively.Intraoperative duration of liver dissection,haemorrhage volume of liver dissection,blood transfusion volume,Pringle manoeuvre,postoperative alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the third and fifth day in the radiofrequency ablation group were (65 ±30) min,(195 ± 107) ml,(150 ±80) ml,7 cases (12.3％),(309 ±226) U/L and (164 ±82) U/L respectively,which were statistically different from those of (50 ±40) min,(255 ± 180) ml,(205 ± 120) ml,45 (78.9％),(388 ± 174) U/L and (220 ± 156) U/L in clamp crushing resection group (seperately t =2.266,-2.158,-2.880,x2 =51.060,t =-2.090,-2.403,all P ＜ 0.05).Large branches of hepatic vein (caliber ≥ 7 mm) were injuried by mistake 7 times in radiofrequency group,there was no massive blood loss.Postoperative biliary fistula developed in two cases.There was no ablation included thrombus.In radiofrequency group,and Pringle manoeuvre was used in hemihepatic resection in 7 patients.Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation is not recommended to dissecting large caliber vessels (≥ 7 mm) for fear of causing thrombus.Radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy,when used properly,is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the effects of hydrogen-rich saline on the expression of miR-210 and miR-21 in hippocampus during global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Seventy-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 9-10 weeks,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each):sham operation group (group S),group I/R,and hydrogen-rich saline group (group H).Global cerebral I/R was produced by 4-vessel occlusion method.In group H,0.6 mmol/L hydrogen-rich saline 5 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 0 and 6 h of reperfusion,while the equal volume of normal saline was injected instead of hydrogen-rich saline in the other two groups.Rats were sacrificed at 24 and 72 h of reperfusion,and then the bilateral hippocampi were removed for detection of the expression of miR-210 and miR-21 using RT-PCR.The global brain tissues were also obtained and stained with HE for examination of the changes in pyramidal cells in the CA1 region of hippocampus.Results Compared with group S,the expression of miR-210 and miR-21 was significantly up-regulated,and the number of pyramidal cells was decreased in group I/R (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the expression of miR-210 and miR-21 was significantly down-regulated,and the number of pyramidal cells was increased in group H (P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes were significantly ameliorated in group H.Conciusion The mechanism by which hydrogen-rich saline attenuates global cerebral I/R injury is related to downregulation of the expression of miR-210 and miR-21 in rat hippocampus.