At the concentrations of 10-8mol/L, 5.5?l0-8mol/L, 10-7mol/L morphine produced a dose-dependent increase of beating rate in cultured rat heart cells with 9%,32%and 81% respectively. The increase was antagonized by opiate antagonist naloxone ( 10-5mol/L ) , but not affected by propranolol ( 10-5mol/L ) which could cancel the positive chronotropy of isoprenaline ( 10-9mol/L ) on the beating cells. The results support the concept that morphine may be a direct effect on myocadium, perhaps through opiate receptors.

ObjectiveTo détect in the tissue of primary bronchogenic carcinoma(PBC) and discuss its significance. Methods was assessed by immunohistochemical method ot SP in paraffin tissue sections of 40 PBC and paratumor normal lung tissue. Results The positive rate of TNF-a in cytoplasm of carcinoma cells was 47.5 % (19/40), and it was not found in all paratumor normal lung tissue(P< 0.05). ConclusionTNF-a gene expressed in some patients with broncho genic carcinoma. The growth of bronchogenic carcinoma is related to TNF-a gene.

OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism by which L-arginine regulates hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling.METHODS:Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,hypoxic group and hypoxic+L-arginine group.Pulmonary artery pressure was measured with right cardiac catheterization.Micro-structure and ultra-structure of pulmonary tissue were observed and collagen I expression was evaluated with immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) was(2.7?0.3)kPa in hypoxic rats and(2.1?0.1)kPa in control rats(P

Objective To study the effect of long-time carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on QT dispersion (QTd) in elderly patients during Davinci robotassisted surgery.Methods Thirty elderly patients undergoing elective Davinci robot-assisted hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.Pneumoperitoneum was established at 12 mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.13 3 k Pa).QTd was recorded before the induction of anesthesia; at 5,15,30,60,120,180 and 240 min after pneumoperitoneum.Results Compared with before anesthesia,mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) increased significantly at 15,30 min after pneumoperitoneum ( P＜0.05 ),and had no significant difference at 5,60,120,180,240min (P＞0.05 ).Heart rate (HR) increased significantly at 15,30 min after pneumoperitoneum (P＜0.05 ).End-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) increased after pneumoperi-toneum,and had significant difference at 30,60,120,180,240 min after pneumoperitoneum (P＜0.05).In 30 patients,11 patients occurred arrhythmia including atrial extrasystole,premature ventricular beats,tachycardia.Compared with before anesthesia,QTd,corrected QTd (QTcd),QT interval,corrected QT interval (QTe) were significantly increased at 15,30,60 min after pneumoperitoneum (P＜0.05),but had on significant difference at 5,120,180,240 min after pneumoperitoneum (P＞0.05).Conclusion The effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the autonomic nervous system for elderly patients might be important,as an imbalance in autonomic cardiac control might lead to serious consequences.

Objective To explore the clinical application and follow-up results of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in treating proximal humeral fractures. Methods From December 2006 to September 2008, MIPPO using locking plate was employed to treat 36 patients (23 males and 13 females) with proximal humeral fracture. According to AO classification, there were four patients with type A2 fractures, 10 with type A3 fractures, five with type B1 fractures, 11 with type B2 fractures, three with type C1 fractures and three with type C2 fractures. Longitudinal or transverse incision was made through anterolateral acromial approach to separate the deltoid muscle and expose the fracture fragments. The direct and indirect reduction of the fractures were performed under direct vision. The locking plate was inserted distally beneath the deltoid muscle and a longitudinal incision was made at the lateral end of the plate. Locking screws were inserted to the proximal and distal plates. Postoperative follow-up was done to provide guidance to functional exercise and evaluate the clinical results. Results The operation lasted for (50.1±11.3) minutes, with intra-operative blood loss of(76±18.7) ml and average operative incision of (4.5±0.8) cm. All the patients were followed up for 12-17 months (average 14 months), which showed that the time of bone healing was (10. 1 ±1.2) weeks. Neer scoring standards showed the total excellence rate of 86%. Conclusion MIPPO is an ideal method for treatment of proximal humeral fractures, for it has the advantages such as safety, minor trauma, short bone healing time, alleviation of pain and good X-ray reduction.

[Abstrict]Objective To explore the key points and clinical value of combined direct and indirect extracranial-in?tracranial (EC-IC) bypass in patients with adult moyamoya disease. Methods Retrospective analysis of combined revas?cularization surgery in 25 adult patients with moyamoya disease. The frontal branch and parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery (STA) were dissected. Combined revascularization surgery consisted of direct (anastomosis between the su?perficial temporal artery and cortical branch of the middle cerebral artery) and indirect (encephalodurogaleosynan-giosis EDAS) surgeries. Clinical status was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale and NIHSS score at 1 day before, 1 week and 3 months after surgery. Results Thirty lateralities were successfully performed on 25 patients. Postoperative angiogra?phy or CTA and cranial computer tomography perfusion imaging(CTP) were conducted to examine the patency of the di?rect anastomosis and cerebral blood flow in 23 patientswithin 1 weeks after surgery . The results showed that the anasto?motic vascular patency was excellent and the cerebral blood flow increased in parallel to the relief of the patients’s isch?emic symptoms. The median mRS scores were 3 (1,3) before surgery, 2 (1,3) 1 week and 1 (0,3) 1 month after surgery.The median mRS scores were significantly improved (Z=15.14, P<0.01). The median NIHSS scores was 5 (4,8) preopera?tively and 4(2,7) postoperation 1 week and 3(1,4) 3 months. The median NIHSS scores were also significantly improved (Z=11.36, P<0.01). Unfortunately, two patients had complication and left hemiparesis. One patient complicated with con?tralateral hemisphere infarction and the another one complicated with ipsilateral hemispheric hemorrhage after operation. Conclusions Combined revascularization surgery may result in satisfying improvement in clinical, angiographic, and he?modynamic states and prevention of recurrent stroke. The stabilized hemodynamic is the key point in peroperative period for moyamoya patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of neurorrhaphy, nerve grafting and nerve implantation in phrenic nerve transfer for treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion. METHODS: One hundred and eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the neurorrhaphy group, the nerve grafting group and the nerve implantation group. Evaluations such as motor nerve latency, amplitude of compound actional potentials, muscle weight, cross sectional areas of muscle fibers and myelinated axons, and muscle function were performed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months postoperatively. All data were analyzed by the Student-Newman Keuls test in SAS software. RESULTS: Variable recovery in each group was found at different postoperative intervals. At six months after operation, the following results were observed in descending superiority: neurorrhaphy > nerve grafting > nerve implantation. Nerve implantation demonstrated the function recovery was 75.76%. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that neurorrhaphy is statistically superior to nerve grafting and nerve grafting superior to nerve implantation, and also confirms the validity of phrenic nerve implantation. But when no reparable distal nerve stump is available, nerve implantation is an effective method in phrenic nerve transfer for brachial plexus root avulsion to some extent.

Under the general requirements of China's national health reform, the basic framework of Shanghai's health reform was constructed at five different aspects the long term vision, goal, strategies, measures, supportive reform activities. The general thought of Shanghai's health reform can be concluded into two aspects: first, establishing a basic healthcare system of covering both urban and rural residents universally; second, enhancing the foundation of enabling sustainable health development.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Grifola frondosa extract on inflammatory response of colon tissue in rats with ulcerative colitis(UC)by regulating interleukin-6(IL-6)/Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods:Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,UC model group,Grifola frondosa treatment group,western medicine treatment group and combined treatment group,with 8 rats in each group.After UC rats were established by free drinking 3%DSS for 7 days,the treatment group were given Grifola frondosa extract 10 mg/(kg·d),sulfasalazine 0.3 g/(kg·d),and the same amount of two drugs,for 14 consecutive days.During the experiment,general state of rats were observed,and the disease activity index(DAI)score was calculated;pathological changes of rats colon tissue were observed by HE staining;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in rats colon tissue were detected by Western blot;content of IL-6 in rats serum was detected by ELISA;protein contents and expressions of IL-6R and MPO in rats colon tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with blank control group,general state of rats in UC model group was poor,DAI score was increased,obvious tissue mucosal defects and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by HE staining;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in rats colon tissue and contents of IL-6R and MPO were significantly increased(P<0.01);content of IL-6 in rats serum was significantly increased(P<0.01),the difference was statistically significant.Compared with UC model group,general condition of rats in each treatment group was improved,DAI score was decreased,HE staining showed that mucosal defects were improved to varying degrees,and occasionally inflammatory cell infiltration was observed;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in colon tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.01),contents of IL-6R and MPO in colon tissue and content of IL-6 in serum were significantly decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:Grifola frondosa extract can reduce the inflammatory response in colon tissue of UC rats by regulating expressions of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway related factors.

Objective : To investigate the effect of chemotherapeutic drug resistance induced by CLDN18⁃ARH⁃GAP26 fusion mutation gene in gastric cancer cells , and to investigate the sensitization effect of ginsenoside in the treatment of chemotherapeutic drug resistance caused by the expression of CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutation gene. Methods : The side population (SP) cells and non⁃side population ( NSP) cells of gastric cancer cell line BGC⁃823 were labeled with immunomagnetic bead antibody , and the lentiviral vector with overexpression of CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutation gene was selected for transfection with NSP cells. qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutation and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 (ABCG2) . The expression of EMT⁃related proteins E ⁃Cadherin and Vimentin was detected by Western blot. The sensitivity of transfected cells to oxaliplatin was detected by CCK⁃8. The effect of ginsenoside on drug resistance of transfected cells was detected by CCK ⁃ 8 . The expression of E ⁃ Cadherin and Vimentin in transfected cells was detected by Western blot after ginsenoside treatment. Results : qPCR detection showed that the expression of CLDN18⁃ARH⁃GAP26 fusion mutant gene in NSP cells transfected with overexpressed CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutant gene was significantly higher than that of the non⁃transfected group , and the expression of ABCG2 mRNA was significantly cells with over⁃expressed CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutation gene was lower than that in the non⁃transfected transfected cells to oxaliplatin was lower than that in the non⁃transfected group. The survival rate of transfected cells sion of E ⁃Cadherin protein in the transfected cells treated with ginsenoside was higher than that in the untreated group , and the expression of Vimentin protein was lower than that in the untreated group. Conclusion Ginsenoside can reverse cell EMT transformation and oxaliplatin resistance induced by CLDN18⁃ARHGAP26 fusion mutated gene expression in gastric cancer tissues.