Objective To investigate the level of uncertainty of illness and social support state in patients with prediabetes,and to discuss the correlation between the two.Methods 243 cases with prediabetes were analyzed by Uncertainty in Illness Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.Results There was a middle uncertainty in the elderly patients with prediabetes.The objective support,sabjective support,social support utilization degree and social support score were negatively related to the complexity of uncertainty(r--0.419,-0.433,-0.390 and-0.421,respectively,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Medical staff should evaluate the uncertainty in illness in elderly patients with prediabetes and conduct nursing intervention accordingly,in order to reduce the uncertainty,increase social support,and ultimately improve the quality of life.

Objective: To establish a method for the content determination of naringin and neohesperidin in Weitong pills.Methods: An HPLC method was adopted.The determination was performed on an Agilent TC-C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water(20∶80)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 283nm.The column temperature was 30 ℃.Results: Naringin and neohesperidin respectively within the concentration range of 0.027-4.552 μg (r=0.999 9) and 0.029-4.016 μg(r=0.999 8) had good linear relationship with the peak area, the average recovery was 102.19% and 103.60%,and the RSD was 2.88% and 1.79%(n=9), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple,accurate and reproducible, and suitable for the content determination of naringin and neohesperidin in Weitong pills.

Semen Ziziphi spinosae ( SZS) , as a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in clinic for insomnia therapy, is rich in pharmacological active ingredients such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, oil and the other chemical compounds. The recent stud-ies indicated that some active ingredients in SZS exhibited a variety of activities including sedative hypnotics, antianxiety and anti-de-pression by regulating particular neurotransmitters such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), norepi-nephrine, dopamine and glutamate. In accordance with the previous studies on pharmacological activities of SZS, this paper summa-rized and reviewed the applications of SZS in the treatment of central nervous system diseases, myocardial diseases and hepatic disea-ses, which might provide solid evidence for the application development of SZS.

Aim To investigate the effect of vaccarin on mouse atherosclerosis in vivo and the underlying mechanism. Methods AopE mice aged 6 to 8 weeks old were used to establish the atherosclerosis model. Oil red O staining was used to determine the lipid levels in aorta and aortic root. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory factors. Results Vaccarin could effectively reduce the levels of blood glucose and blood pressure in AopE

In heterologous protein productions by Pichia pastoris, methanol induction is generally initiated when cell density reaches very high level. However, this traditional strategy suffers with the problems of difficulty in DO control, toxic by-metabolites accumulation and low targeted protein titer. Therefore, initiating methanol induction at lower cell concentration is considered as an alternative strategy to overcome those problems. However, the methanol/energy regulation mechanisms of initiating induction at lower concentration are not clear and seldom reported. In this article, with monellin production as a prototype, we analyzed the methanol/energy metabolism in protein expression process using the strategies of initiating induction at both higher/lower cells concentrations. We attempted to interpret the advantages of the "alternative" strategy, via online measurements of methanol consumption, CO₂ production and O₂ uptake rates. When adopting this "alternative" strategy and maintaining temperature at 30 °C, carbon flux ratio directing into monellin precursors synthesis reached the highest level of 65%. In addition, monellin synthesis was completely associated with cell growth.

With the advent of the post-genomic era, metabolic engineering of microorganisms plays an increasingly important role in industrial production. The genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) integrates all known metabolic information in the organism to provide an optimal platform for global understanding of the metabolic state of the organism and rational guidance for metabolic engineering. As a model strain, Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 plays an important role in industrial fermentation, but there is still no specific genome-scale metabolic model for it. Based on genomic function annotation and comparative genomics, we constructed the first genome-scale metabolic model iWK557 of L. lactis NZ9000, which contains 557 genes, 668 metabolites, and 840 reactions, and further verified at both qualitative and quantitative levels, to provide a good tool for rationally guiding metabolic engineering.

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of the rescue posttraumatic growth of Chinese people' s armed forces soldiers in order to provide a new point of view for psychological intervention.Methods 424 soldiers who had executed earthquake rescue task were assessed with Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI),and the growth status between different groups were compared.Results (1) The average score of PTGI 21 items ranged from 2.72-3.72,and the score of most items were above 3,which implied the growth degree was between middle change and more change.8 items with highest score were focused on three dimensions which were labeled interpersonal relationship,appreciation of life and personal strength.(2) There was no significant difference between the total score of different rank groups (F=0.885,P＞0.05),which score were 3.43±0.66,3.50±0.62,3.50±0.79,3.30±1.11 respectively.The was significant difference in 4 dimensions and total score of PTGI between the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days and the other which had executed rescue task for less than 14 days,and the scores of the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days were higher (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Almost all rescue soldiers perceives mental growth,such as the changes of interpersonal relationship,attitude of life,and personal strength particularly.The duration of rescue task might be a influencing factor of posttraumatic growth.

With the rapid development of industrial biotechnology, breakthrough in enzymology and biocatalysis has been made in recent years, especially in areas of stability and activity of enzyme in nonaqueous media, screening, construction and modification of solvent-tolerant biocatalysts, as well as the development of green solvent with excellent biological and environmental compatibility. Recent trend and future focus include: in silico virtual screening and construction of solvent-tolerant biocatalysts based on bioinformatic technology, modification and construction of native solvent-tolerant biocatalysts, the development of environmental friendly green solvent such as ionic liquids.
Animals ; Biocatalysis ; Biotechnology ; trends ; Enzymes ; chemistry ; genetics ; Humans ; Solvents

Anterior cervical fusion surgery is the first choice for spine surgeons in the treatment of cervical spine diseases. It has significant effects in treating cervical degenerative diseases, trauma and tumors and other cervical diseases. In anterior cervical fusion, it is necessary to use a distractor to properly distract the intervertebral space, so as to fully expose and relieve the compressive factors, restore the physiological height, curvature and stability of the lesion segment, and achieve the best surgical effect. However, there is currently no consensus on the standard distraction height for the intervertebral space during anterior cervical surgery. This article reviewsed the progress of intervertebral space height in anterior cervical fusion from three dimensions:the relationship between intervertebral space height and cervical disc degeneration mechanism, the selection of intervertebral space height during operation, the recovery of intervertebral space height and the postoperative effect, so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for spinal surgeons when performing intervertebral distraction during operation.
Cervical Vertebrae/surgery* ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc/surgery* ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Neck ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

D-Allose and its derivatives play important roles in the field of health care and food nutrition. Pure and well-defined D-allose derivatives can facilitate the elucidation of their structure-activity relationship as an essential step for drug design. The Lattrell-Dax epimerization, refers to the triflate inversion using nitrite reagent, is known as valuable method for the synthesis of rare D-allose derivatives. Here, the influence of protecting group patterns on the transformation efficiency of D-glucose derivatives into synthetically useful D-alloses and D-allosamines via the Lattrell-Dax epimerization was studied. For C3 epimerization of D-glucose derivatives bearing O2-acyl group, an anomeric configuration-dependent acyl migration from O2 to O3 was found. In addition, a neighbouring group participation effect-mediated S1 nucleophilic substitution of the D-glucosamine bearing C2 trichloroacetamido (TCA) group in the Lattrell-Dax epimerization was dependent upon anomeric configuration. Thus, the effect of anomeric configuration on the Lattrell-Dax epimerization of D-glucose suggests that β-D-glucosides with low steric hindrance at C2 should be better substrates for the synthesis of D-allose derivatives. Significantly, the efficient synthesis of the orthogonally protected D-allose 13 and D-allosamine 18 will serve well for further assembly of complex glycans.