Objective To evaluate the risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Chinese Academic Literature Main Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodi-cal Database, Wanfang Periodicals and Dissertation Database were searched for articles published from January 2000 to December 2012 on the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants, with retrospective retrieval and manual retrieval as supplement. RavMan5.2 provided by Cochrane was used for meta-analysis. Fixed-or random-effects models were selected according to the results of heterogeneity test. Results Nine studies were conifrmed to be eligible. Odds ratio (OR) and 95%conifdence interval (CI) of the risk factors were as follows:gestation age≤32 weeks (OR=3.29, 95%CI=2.76-3.91), birth weight≤1 500g (OR=2.68, 95% CI=2.24-3.20), maternal complications (OR=1.59, 95% CI=1.23-2.06), intrauterine distress or birth asphyxia (OR=2.42, 95% CI=2.06-2.84), mechanical ventilation (OR=3.23, 95% CI=2.55-4.09), metabolic acidosis (OR=2.88, 95%CI=2.04-4.05), use of high concentration of oxygen (OR=2.98, 95%CI=1.63-5.44), prenatal use of dexametha-sone (OR=0.69, 95%CI=0.55-0.86), respiratory distress syndrome (OR=1.57, 95%CI=1.04-2.39). Those differences were all statistically signiifcant. There was no difference in caesarean section (OR=0.99, 95%CI=0.84-1.17), multiparity (OR=1.05, 95%CI=0.79-1.40) and gender (OR=1.25, 95%CI=0.97-1.59). Conclusions The risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants are gestation age≤32 weeks, birth weight≤1 500 g, maternal complications, intrauterine distress or birth asphyxia, mechanical ventilation, metabolic acidosis, use of high concentration of oxygen, respiratory distress syndrome, but prenatal use of dexamethasone can reduce the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants.

Interstitial lung disease represents a group of diffuse pulmonary diseases that mainly affects pulmonary mesenchyme and alveolar spaces,resulting in loss of alveolar-capillary functions.It is also a common complication or an important factor that influences the prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis,dermatomyositis,systemic sclerosis.Searching for the biomarkers for the early diagnosis of the disease and/or indicative of the activity of the condition has been a subject of active investigations.KL-6,expressed on type Ⅱ pneumocytes,is seen as the most promising biomarker for the diagnosis of the disease.This review summarizes the recent researches about the use of KL-6 in the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM).Methods Twenty six patients diagnosed as ADM from January 2006 to January 2010 in PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestation,laboratory findings,imaging manifestations,treatment and prognosis of the 26 patients were recorded.Results There were 18 females and 8 males with age of 30-68 years.Overall disease course after diagnosis was 2-18 months.All patients had Gottron rash and interstitial pneumonia.Fifteen patients had history of pulmonary infections.Three patients had comorbidity of tumor.Creatine phosphokinase,creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme,glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase were normal in all 26 patients.Four patients had positive anti-Jo-1 antibodies.Antinuclear antibodies were positive in nine patients.Electromyogram was slightly abnormal in 5 patients.Muscle biopsy was abnormal in 19 patients.Twenty patients had improved after receiving corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents.Six patients died.Conclusions It has been estimated that ADM represents approximately 20％ of all cases of dermatomyositis.It seems that patients with ADM have greater incidence of lung involvement and combined cancer.ADM patients need to be treated positively to improve the prognosis.

Objective To study the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with infectious sacroiliac arthritis.Method Twenty-one patients diagnosed with infectious sacroiliac arthritis were analyzed retrospectively between 2000 and 2014.The chief complaint was pain in hip and lumbosacral area.Their clinical features,laboratory tests and pathological examination results as well as CT/MRI/PET-CT images were evaluated.Results There were nine males and thirteen females eighteen (85.7％) patients had unilateral sacroiliac joint involvement.Among these patients,three were diagnosed with brucellosis sacroiliac arthritis(BSI),eight patients with tuberculosis sacroiliac arthritis (TSI),and ten patients with non-brucellosis and non-tuberculosis infectious sacroiliac arthritis (ISI).For those patients with non-brucellosis and non-tuberculosis infectious sacroiliac arthritis,white blood cell count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)were dramatically increased.Twelve patients were diagnosed pathologically including 6 ISI,2 BSI and 4 TSI.Twelve patients and seventeen patients were scanned by CT and MRI respectively.Two patients undertook PET-CT examination.Antibiotic therapy showed significant therapeutic effects in all patients.Conclusion Infectious sacroiliac arthritis patients with hip or lumbosacral pain as the chief complaint can be easily misdiagnosed as spondyloarthritis.Comprehensive analysis of clinical features,imaging and laboratory findings is essential for accurate diagnosis.

Objective : To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of heatstroke and its correlation with meteorological factors in Shaoxing in 2017,and to provide evidence for heatstroke prevention and control. Methods : The data of heatstroke cases and the daily meteorological indexes were collected from July 2017 to August 2017 in Shaoxing to describe the spatial,temporal and population distribution of heatstroke cases. The correlation between heatstroke and meteorological factors was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results : A total of 759 cases of heatstroke were reported,with an average age of（53.3 ±17.9）years. There were 487 males cases（64.16%）and 272 female cases（35.84%）. There were 618 cases of mild heatstroke（81.42%）and 141 cases of severe heatstroke（18.58%）. There were six cases of death from severe heatstroke,and the mortality of severe heatstroke was 4.26%. Minimum temperature（rs=0.851,P<0.001）,maximum temperature（rs=0.726,P<0.001）and wind speed（rs=0.285,P=0.025）were positively correlated with the incidence of heatstroke,and relative humidity（rs=-0.693,P<0.001）and rainfall（rs=-0.414,P=0.001）were negatively correlated with the incidence of heatstroke. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that high daily minimum temperature was a risk factor for severe heatstroke（OR=1.854,95%CI：1.606-2.140）. Conclusion The mortality of severe heatstroke patients was high in Shaoxing,the daily minimum temperature was correlated with severe heatstroke.

abnormality from cardiomyopathy and endocardial fibroelastosis. Some pediatric patients have overlapped characteristics of both infant and adult type.

Objective The aim of this study was to generate human cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP) transgenic rabbits and analyze their biological properties.Methods We generated human CETP transgenic rabbits by DNA microinjection, and detected the expression of human CETP by real-time PCR and Western blot assay.The activity of CETP was measured using an activity assay kit.Results Human CETP transgenic rabbits were successfully generated by DNA microinjection.Compared with wide type rabbits, the expression of human CETP was dramatically increased in the liver of the human CETP transgenic rabbits.The plasma CETP activity was also much higher in the liver of human CETP transgenic rabbits than that of control rabbits.Conclusions The model of human CETP transgenic rabbits is successfully established by DNA microinjection.It will provide a useful tool for the studies of CETP biological function and its involvement in the mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To analyze the causes of failed transcatheter closure for ventricular septal defects (VSD)in children. Methods One thousand two hundred and eighty children aged 13 to 141 months who underwent transcatheter closure from June 2009 to September 2013 in Guangdong General Hospital were selected. There were 43 failures(3. 36% ). The clinical data including transthoracic echocardiograph( TTE),radiography,interventional ap-proach and surgical findings were analyzed. Results Forty - three patients included 25 male and 18 female. The pa-tients' ages ranged from 13 to 141(43. 0 ± 31. 9)months and their weight ranged from 10 to 35(16. 3 ± 5. 59)kg. The causes of failure including doubly committed subarterial VSD misdiagnosed as perimembranous VSD(PMVSD)or intracristal VSD were in 6 patients. The size of occluder was too small in 13 cases,and there were statistical differences between three measurements of size of VSD(F = 19. 134,P = 0. 001). The size of VSD measured by left ventricular an-giography was significantly smaller than that measured by TTE,and there was statistical difference[(4. 78 ± 1. 11) mm vs(6. 48 ± 1. 43)mm,t = 4. 50,P = 0. 001]. The dimension of VSD measured by left ventricular angiography was significantly smaller than that measured by surgical findings,and there was statistical difference[(4. 78 ± 1. 11) mm vs(7. 02 ± 1. 08)mm,t = 5. 92,P = 0. 001]. But,the size of VSD measured by TTE had no significant difference compared with that measured by surgical findings(t = 1. 42,P = 0. 168). Aortic regurgitation occurred in 14 cases;atrioventricular block or left bundle branch block in 3 patients;tricuspid stenosis in 2 cases and residual shunt in 5 pa-tients. Conclusions Doubly committed subarterial VSD may be misdiagnosed as PMVSD or intracristal VSD. In the ca-ses of VSD concomitant with aortic valve prolapse,size of the occluders should be referred to VSD dimensions measured by TTE. In the cases of VSD adjacent to aortic valve,suitable occluders should be selected and operation technique should be improved to avoid aortic regurgitation.

Objective To observe and analyze the medium and long term follow-up data of arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of children with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 1071 children with VSD, who successfully underwent transcatheter device closure, at l, 3, 6, 12 months and ev-ery year post procedure from March 2002 to December 2010. Results Of all 1071 children, 272 cases (25.4%) were ob-served of having arrhythmias within 1 month after intervention, mainly including atrioventricular block (AVB), branch block, junctional tachycardia, atrial and ventricular tachycardia, frequent contractions, etc. Among them, 22 cases (2.1%) had above II degree AVB, complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) and other causes of serious arrhythmias. After treatment, all cases got better and no permanent pacemaker was necessary. After 1 to 107 months (2.8±1.7 years) fol-low-up, 161 cases (18.2%) were observed of having persistent abnormal ECG mainly caused by AVB and branch block, including 10 cases (1.1%) with serious arrhythmias. In 4 cases with late-onset AVB, 3 cases had already appeared AVB in early postoperative, 1 case had recurrence CLBBB, left ventricle enlarge, and died of heart failure during follow up. Four cases were implanted permanent pacemaker. Conclusion During follow-up, serious arrhythmias after VSD closure, such as AVB or CLBBB, have high risk of recurring. Conduction block arrhythmias may reappear or worsen, while arrhythmias like tachycardia and premature heart rhythm mostly return to normal.

To improve the clinical teaching work, the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was first introduced into the periodontal clinical assessment held by Departments of Periodon-titis and Mucosal Disease. With the OSCE exam station and item pool established, standardized pa-tients tralned, the examination form reformed, the knowledge, skill, and attitude of the examinee were assessed comprehensively. Compared with traditional exam,the OSCE evaluated the examinee's skills on clinical admissions, history collection, treatment plan development better. Most examinee have got satisfactory result (pass rate: 86.4 %, 19/22; good rate: 36.4%, 8/22; excellent rate: 9.1%, 2/22). The feedback of the following questionnalre also showed that most of the candidates thought the OSCE helpful to promoting the learning of theoretical knowledge (87.5%, 14/16) and good for converting the learned knowledge and skills into occupation ability (87.5%, 14/16).