Objective:To investigate the changes of expression of CD28 on T cells and activation of various population of T cells in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients and to study the relations of these changes with clinical stages.Methods:Three color immunofluorence staining and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD28 on various population of T cells and the activation of CD28+ T cells in peripheral blood both of 38 normal persons and 42 patients with lung cancer.Results:Comparing blood of lung cancer patients were remarkably decreased(P

An analytical liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (LLE-GC-MS) method was established for the determination of genotoxic impurities including methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and isopropyl methanesulfonate (IMS) in methanesulfonic acid. An Agilent HP-1MS capillary column (30 m × 0.32 m, 1 μm) was used for separating the analytes by programmed heating with the inlet temperature of 220 °C. Mass spectrometry was operated in positive ion mode, and selective ion monitors were set at m/z 80 for MMS, m/z 79 for EMS, m/z 123 for IMS and m/z 56 for internal standard butyl methanesulfonate (BMS). Results showed that the baseline separation of MMS, EMS and IMS was achieved, and the blank extraction solution had no interference; good linearity was achieved in the range of 37-1 480 ng/mL for three alkyl methanesulfonates; The mean recoveries of MMS, EMS, IMS were 104.99%, 107.26%,108.85%, respectively, with RSD ≤ 4.54%. The established method has the characteristics of specific, sensitive, accurate, stable and good versatility, and has been used for the detection and control of alkyl methanesulfonate impurities in methanesulfonic acid from a variety of manufacturers.

Objective     To explore the correlation between the imaging features of peripheral ground-glass pulmonary nodules and the invasion degree of lung adenocarcinoma, and the high risk factors for infiltrating lung adenocarcinoma under thin-slice CT, which provides some reference for clinicians to plan the surgical methods of pulmonary nodules before operation and to better communicate with patients, and assists in building a clinical predictive model for invasive adenocarcinoma. Methods    Clinical data of the patients with peripheral ground-glass pulmonary nodules (diameter≤3 cm) in thin-slice chest CT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2019 to January 2020 were continuously collected. All patients underwent thin-slice CT scan and thoracoscopic surgery in our center. According to the pathological examination results, they were divided into two groups: an adenocarcinoma lesions before infiltration group, and an invasive lung adenocarcinoma group. The thin-slice CT imaging parameters of pulmonary nodules were collected. The nodular diameter, mean CT value, consolidation tumor ratio (CTR), nodular shape, vacuolar sign, bronchial air sign, lobulation sign, burr sign, lesion boundary, pleural depression sign, vascular cluster sign and other clinical data were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to analyze the independent risk factors for the infiltrating lung adenocarcinoma, and to analyze the threshold value and efficacy of each factor for the identification of infiltrating lung adenocarcinoma. Results     Finally 190 patients were enrolled. There were 110 patients in the adenocarcinoma lesions before infiltration group, including 21 males and 89 females with a mean age of 53.57±10.90 years, and 80 patients in the invasive lung adenocarcinoma group, including 31 males and 49 females with a mean age of 56.45±11.30 years. There was a statistical difference in the mean CT value, nodular diameter, CTR, gender, smoking, nodular type, nodular shape, vacuolar sign, lobulation sign, burr sign, lesion boundary, pleural depression sign, vascular cluster sign between the two groups (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in age (P=0.081), lesion site (P=0.675), and bronchial air sign (P=0.051). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that nodular diameter, mean CT value, CTR and lobulation sign were independent risk factors for differentiating preinvasive adenocarcinoma from invasive adenocarcinoma. At the same time, the threshold value was calculated by Youden index, indicating that the CTR was 0.45, the nodal diameter was 10.5 mm and the mean CT value was –452 Hu. Conclusion     In the peripheral ground-glass pulmonary nodules, according to the patient's CT imaging features, such as mixed ground-glass nodules, irregular shapes, vacuoles, short burrs, clear boundaries, pleural indentations, and vascular clusters, have a certain reference value in the discrimination of the invasion degree of ground-glass pulmonary nodules. At the same time, it is found in this research that peripheral ground-glass pulmonary nodules with diameter greater than 10.5 mm, CT value greater than –452 Hu, CTR greater than 0.45 and lobulation sign are more likely to be infiltrating lung adenocarcinoma.