Objective To investigate the protective effect of penotoxffylline (PTX) on renal iscbemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and its mechanisns. Method Seventy-five male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups with 25 rats in each group: the sham operated controls, Iri group and FIX treated group. The rat model of renal IRI was established with occlusion of left and fight kidney pedicle for 45 minutes. Sham rats underwent laparotomy without IR.Treated mrs received FIX 20 mg/kg at 30 minutes before operation through their tail vein,tben PTX 6 mg/(kg·h) IV with pump. SO group and IRI group rots were IV normal saline equivalently. The pathological change of kidney, serum creatinine (sCr) values and the levels of MDA,SOD,TNF-α and ICAM-1 in homogenate of kidney tissue were measured before ischemia, 0, 1, 4, and 24 hours after reperfitsion. Results After IRI, renal tubular epithelial cells manifested swelling, degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory ceils infiltration. After treated with PTX, the pathological change of the kidney was significantly alleviated, and inflammatory cells infiltration reduced. In FIX group,the kidney tissue pathological change was ameliorated, and the values of serum Cr, the scores of renal tubules were significantly lower than those in IRI group (P<0.05). Compared with IRI group, the levels of TNF-α in bemegenate of kidney in FIX group were significandy lower at 0 h, 1 h,4 h and 24 h after reperfiJsion (P<0.05). Compared with IRI group, the levels of MDA, ICAM-I in homogenate of kidney in FIX group were obviously lower at4 h, 24 h after reperfusion (P<0.05), while the level of SOD in homogenate of kidney was significantly higher (P<0.05). TNF-α correlated with levels of MDA, SOD, ICAM-1 ( r =0.801, -0.895,0.838,and P<0.01). Conclusions PTX had the protective effect on renal IRI by directly inhibited expression of TNF-α in kidney tissue,then decreased expression of MDA, ICAM-1 and ameliorated the inflammatory ceils infiltration in kidney.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a kind of disease of unknown etiology, characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of obstructive biliary diseases. Kasai portoenterostomy is the only method to treat BA. However, about 80% of the patients treated by Kasai operation still need liver transplantation in the future. Many factors affect the survival of autologous liver in children with BA after Kasai operation, including the types of BA, laparoscopic Kasai surgery or traditional open surgery, patient’s age at surgery, condition of liver function, occurrence of cholangitis, jaundice clearance, using steroids and central hospitalization. This article reviews the factors that affect the survival of autologous liver in patients with BA after Kasai surgery.

Objective:To investigate the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in adolescents by cone-beam computered tomography (CBCT).Methods:366 mandibular first permanent molars in 1 83 adolescents aged 1 2 -1 6 years were examined by CBCT from July,201 2 to December,201 3.The age,sex,the number of roots and canals and canal morphology were re-corded.The data were statistically analyzed by software SPSS 1 9.0.Results:365 mandibular first permanent molars showed single mesial root except one with C-shaped root;282(77.05%)teeth had one distal root,83(22.68%)had two.356(97.27%)teeth had two mesial canals and 9(2.46%)had one.229(62.57%)teeth had one distal root with one canal,53(1 4.48%)had one distal root with two canals.83(22.68%)had two distal roots with one canal in each root,one (0.27%)had C-shaped root with three canals. There were no significant differences between males and females and between the two sides on the number of roots and number of ca-nals.Conclusion:Majority of mandibular first molars have two roots,the root change occurs in distal root.The prevalence of three-rooted mandibular first molars has no significant difference between genders and 2 sides.

Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and CT features in Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia(COP),and method of managemant.Methods We reviewed characteristics of clinical,laboratory,chest CT and pulmonary function test of 6 patients with histologically proven COP,and evaluated their therapeutic response to corticosteroids.Results Most patients of 6 cases manifested as a persistent nonproductive cough,exerting dyspnea,pyrexia,malaise,and weight loss clinically.Less common symptoms include pleuritic chest pain and hemoptysis.Chest CT manifestations included ground-glass opacity,consolidation,diffusing reticular infiltration of parenchyma,pleural effusion,cavitation and migration.The patients had high level of peripheral WBC number,erythrocyte sedimentation,and C-reactive protein.Pulmonary function tests showed a impairment of restrictive pattern and diffusion capacity.All but one Patients responsed well to corticosteroids.Conclusions COP is a rapidly developing pneumonia-like illness characterized by lung inflammation,The clinical doctor must always be aware of the full view of COP so as to achieve successful diagnosis.Most of the patient can recover with corticosteroids therapy.

Objective To compare the differences of epidemiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory results and prognosis between patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) infection and those with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).Methods Medical records of 16 hospitalized cases with SFTSV infection and 28 hospitalized HFRS cases from January 2012 to June 2016 were reviewed in affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College.In details, the comparative analysis of patients between the two groups were conducted in sex, age, occupation, onset season, contact history, underlying diseases, fever duration, oliguria, bleeding (including petechiae, ecchymoses, gum bleeding, bloody stool and hematuria), secondary infection, consciousness disturbance, dialysis treatment, length of hospital stay, laboratory results and prognosis.Continuous variables of normal, non-normal distribution data were compared using two-sample t test and rank sum test, respectively.Categorical variables were showed in rate and compared using chi-square test.Results The differences between the two groups in age (t=2.585), occupation (χ2=4.914), onset season (χ2=4.325) and contact history (χ2=9.617) were all statistically significant (all P<0.05).In SFTSV infection group, the mean fever duration was (8.81±3.17) d.There were 2 cases of oliguria, 10 cases of bleeding, 7 cases of secondary infection, 5 cases of consciousness disturbance.No patient received dialysis.The average length of hospital stay was (13.44±7.91) d.In HFRS group, the mean fever duration was (5.96±2.20) d.In addition, there were 24 cases of oliguria, 25 cases of bleeding, 9 cases of secondary infection, 3 cases of consciousness disorder.Twelve cases received dialysis treatment in this group.The average length of hospital stay was (18.04±15.75) d.Furthermore, there were significant differences between the two groups in fever duration (t=3.511), oliguria (χ2=22.578), bleeding (χ2=4.490) and dialysis (χ2=7.392) (all P<0.05).The significant differences were also found in white blood cell count, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, albumin, amylase, lipase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, chloride, calcium, carbon dioxide combining power and blood glucose between the SFTSV infection group and HFRS group (all P<0.05).However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between the two groups (Z=1.574, P=0.115).Conclusions There are differences in epidemiological history, clinical manifestations and laboratory findings between the SFTSV infection group and HFRS group, which may help differential diagnosis and treatment of these two diseases.

Case analysis method,which was a new teaching mode,was proposed for some problems in current traditional teaching mode.The concrete operation content of case analysis method in lemological teaching was described.The results of the survey analysis showed that the teaching effectiveness of the new teaching mode was obviously better than that of traditional teaching mode.

To explore a new way of constructing bioartificial renal tubule assist device (RAD) in vitro and its function of transporting sodium (Na(+)) and glucose and to evaluate the application of atomic force microscope in the RAD construction, rat renal tubular epithelial cell line NRK-52E was cultured in vitro, seeded onto the outer surfaces of hollow fibers in a bioreactor, and then cultured for two weeks to construct RAD. Bioreactor hollow fibers without NRK-52E cells were used as control. The morphologies of attached cells were observed with scanning electron microscope, and the junctions of cells and polysulfone membrane were observed with atomic force microscope. Transportation of Na(+) and glucose was measured. Oubaine and phlorizin were used to inhibit the transporting property. The results showed that NRK-52E cells and polysulfone membrane were closely linked, as observed under atomic force microscope. After exposure to oubaine and phlorizin, transporting rates of Na(+) and glucose were decreased significantly in the RAD group as compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, when the inhibitors were removed, transportation of Na(+) and glucose was restored. It is concluded that a new RAD was constructed successfully in vitro, and it is able to selectively transport Na(+) and glucose.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 7 active constituents in Tangshen qing-du granule. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of SHIMADZU Inert Sustain C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength was 327 nm for chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid,280 nm for baicalin,228 nm for arctiin and 276 nm for wogonoside,baicalein and wogonin,column temperature was 35℃,and injection volume was 10 μL. RESULTS:The linear range was 4.830-154.6 μg/mL for chlorogenic acid and(r=0.9998),0.750-24.1 μg/mL for caffeic acid(r=0.9997),22.859-731.5 μg/mL for baicalin(r=0.9997),8.491-271.7 μg/mL for arctiin(r=0.9993),2.471-79.0μg/mL for wogonoside(r=0.9996),6.656-213.0 μg/mL for baicalein(r=0.9994) and 2.756-88.2 μg/mL for wogonin (r=0.9998);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%,recoveries were 96.86%-100.82%(RSD=1.46%,n=6),98.79%-101.09%(RSD=0.93%,n=6),97.57%-101.51%(RSD=1.37%,n=6),97.76%-99.63%(RSD=0.77%,n=6),97.99%-100.12%(RSD=0.76%,n=6),96.54%-101.07%(RSD=1.87%,n=6) and 96.60%-99.59%(RSD=1.14%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple with good precision,stability and reproducibilty,and can be used for the simultaneous determination of 7 active constituents in Tangshen qingdu granule.

Objective:To research the number and function of monocyte-macrophages in patients with chronic active hepatitis B. Methods:The 51 chronic viral hepatitis B( CHB) patients were selected randomly,which consisted of 20 cases of mild-moderate,31 cases of severe group and 13 cases of healthy controls. PBMCs were separated by percoll. Monocytes were tagged by CD14,the molecules CD80,CD86,HLA-DR and CD163 were detected by flow cytometry which expressed on the surface of PBMCs. Serum cytokine were detected for IL-10, IL-12 and IL-23 by ELISA. The distribution of CD68 was detected in the liver by immunohistochemical staining. Results:The expressions of CD80 for all chronic hepatitis B patients were lower than the controls respectively,no matter mild-moderate or even severe group. Similarly,the HBV patients expressed lower level of CD86 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells when compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was statistically difference between the levels of CD86 in severe group compared with control group (P<0. 01). As the expression of CD80 and CD86,the levels of HLA-DR in the patents had also declined when compared with controls. While the HLA-DR levels in both the mild-moderate HBV hepatitis groups were statistically significant higher than the severe group (P<0. 01). Different from the above all,the expression of CD163 in all chronic HBV hepatitis was higher than the control group. The CD68 positive cells in chronic HBV patients were observed and infiltrated increasingly in portal area and hepatic lobules (P<0. 05). There were statistically significant differences of IL-10 levels between the mild-moderate group,severe group and the control group,respectively (P<0. 01). Conclusion:Macrophages have participated in the pathological lesions of liver in CHB patients,among peripheral blood mononuclear cells,the phenomena of imbalance between type M1/M2 and polarization to type M2 have been observed,which participated in the development of the chronicity of CHB.

Ischemic stroke is an important cause of death and disability.Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a serious complication of acute ischemic stroke,especially in patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy.Identifying patients at high risk of HT is very important for improving stroke outcomes.Some studied have shown that several serum biomarkers can be used to predict HT risk in patients with acute ischemic stroke.This article reviews the serum biomarkers of HT after acute ischemic stroke.