The morbidity of pancreatic duct calculus is increasing every year in China. Currently the main therapeutic methods include non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatments contain endoscopic calculus extracting and / or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Surgical treatment has two categories: drainage of the pancreatic duct decompression and pancreatectomy. Concrete treatment or surgical options should follow the strategy of individual.

Objective:To investigate the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in adolescents by cone-beam computered tomography (CBCT).Methods:366 mandibular first permanent molars in 1 83 adolescents aged 1 2 -1 6 years were examined by CBCT from July,201 2 to December,201 3.The age,sex,the number of roots and canals and canal morphology were re-corded.The data were statistically analyzed by software SPSS 1 9.0.Results:365 mandibular first permanent molars showed single mesial root except one with C-shaped root;282(77.05%)teeth had one distal root,83(22.68%)had two.356(97.27%)teeth had two mesial canals and 9(2.46%)had one.229(62.57%)teeth had one distal root with one canal,53(1 4.48%)had one distal root with two canals.83(22.68%)had two distal roots with one canal in each root,one (0.27%)had C-shaped root with three canals. There were no significant differences between males and females and between the two sides on the number of roots and number of ca-nals.Conclusion:Majority of mandibular first molars have two roots,the root change occurs in distal root.The prevalence of three-rooted mandibular first molars has no significant difference between genders and 2 sides.

Objective:To estimate the effect of HSV1-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy on human salivary gland epidermoid carcinoma cell line MEC-1. Methods: Expression vector G 1NAtK containing HSV-TK cDNA was transfected into MEC-1 cells.After transfection, the cells were selected by G418 for two weeks. The integrated gene and mRNA were detected with PCR and RT-PCR. The cytotoxicity and bystander effect were estimated by MTT and typan blue exclusion assay. The morphological changes after GCV treatment were observed with HE and 33258 stain and in situ cell apoptosis detection kit. Results: The 404 bp DNA fragment was amplified through PCR and RT-PCR in the transfected cells respectively. TK positive clone was named MEC-1/TK. The sensitivity of MEC-1/TK to GCV was 1 000 times more than that of parent MEC-1 cells.More than 90% of MEC-1 cells were killed by 10 ?g/ml of GCV when only 10% of MEC-/TK cells were present. The morphological changes included shrinking,detaching and floating of the cells. Some of the cells showed nucleus condensation and breakage of nucleus. A lot of cells showed nucleus positive in in situ apoptosis detection. Conclusion: HSV1-TK/GCV can confer MEC-1/TK cell killing efficiently. MEC-1/TK also has strong bystander effects. HSV1-TK/GCV system confers its effect, in part, by inducing apoptosis in TK positive cells.

Objective　 To investigate the causes and therapy　of inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy.　 Methods　21 cases with inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy, which were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 1980 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed.　 Results　Of 21 cases, 17 were male, 4 were female. Follow-up of 3 months to 2 years found no recurrence among the 13 cases receiving medical therapy. 8 cases underwent surgical excision (4 of which had been preoperatively misdiagnosed as carcinoma or tuberculosis) with pathology-proved diagnosis of inflammatory mass.　Conclusions　Afflicting mainly male youths, this disease is a kind of local chronic inflammatory hyperplastic entity, which subsides by medical therapy. Surgery is only indicated in cases when carcinoma or tuberculosis could not be excluded.

Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and CT features in Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia(COP),and method of managemant.Methods We reviewed characteristics of clinical,laboratory,chest CT and pulmonary function test of 6 patients with histologically proven COP,and evaluated their therapeutic response to corticosteroids.Results Most patients of 6 cases manifested as a persistent nonproductive cough,exerting dyspnea,pyrexia,malaise,and weight loss clinically.Less common symptoms include pleuritic chest pain and hemoptysis.Chest CT manifestations included ground-glass opacity,consolidation,diffusing reticular infiltration of parenchyma,pleural effusion,cavitation and migration.The patients had high level of peripheral WBC number,erythrocyte sedimentation,and C-reactive protein.Pulmonary function tests showed a impairment of restrictive pattern and diffusion capacity.All but one Patients responsed well to corticosteroids.Conclusions COP is a rapidly developing pneumonia-like illness characterized by lung inflammation,The clinical doctor must always be aware of the full view of COP so as to achieve successful diagnosis.Most of the patient can recover with corticosteroids therapy.

Objective To investigate the causes and therapy of inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy.Methods21 cases with inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy, which were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 1980 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 21 cases, 17 were male, 4 were female. Follow up of 3 months to 2 years found no recurrence among the 13 cases receiving medical therapy. 8 cases underwent surgical excision (4 of which had been preoperatively misdiagnosed as carcinoma or tuberculosis) with pathology proved diagnosis of inflammatory mass.[WT5”HZ]Conclusions Afflicting mainly male youths, this disease is a kind of local chronic inflammatory hyperplastic entity, which subsides by medical therapy. Surgery is only indicated in cases when carcinoma or tuberculosis could not be excluded.

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of the occurrence of hepato renal syndrome (Hepatorenal syndrome,HRS) for patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure.Methods Sixty cases of patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure from January 2009 to December 2013 in our hospital were selected as the research objects.The single factor and multi-factor regression analyses were in patients with the basic clinical data,and the complications and the baseline clinical testing index of patients.The independent risk factors of the occurrence of HRS for patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure were screened.Results The cases of the occurrence of HRS for patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure was 17 among 60 cases with a incidence of 28.3 ％ ; The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that serum albumin,serum sodium,liver function grade (Child-Pugh score),model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) index,primary bacterial peritonitis,upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,ascites,and hepatic encephalopathy were the risk factors of the occurrence of HRS for patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of HRS for patients with acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure is higher.The various sensitive indicators should be monitored dynanically,and the relevant prevention and treatment measures should be taken in time.It has a significantly scientific merit to improve the prognosis of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo of teachers'teaching ability of standardized training for hospital pharma-cists in Beijing area,and provide reference for strengthening the faculty construction. METHODS:A dynamic assessment of stan-dardized training base for hospital pharmacists of 17 inpatients in Beijing area was conducted to organize evaluation experts to as-sess the teaching ability of outpatient pharmacy,ward pharmacy and clinical pharmacy in training base. Questionnaire was designed and trainees were organized to evaluate the teaching ability,time,attitude,feedback and others and related results of teaching in bases were vegarded as objects for analysis and summary. RESULTS:The overall ability of teaching was high,and the most promi-nent was clinical pharmacy,which was well received by trainees. But there are differences among departments,the ability of ward pharmacy is slightly lower than the clinical pharmacy and outpatient pharmacy. And the teaching ability still had great improvement. CONCLUSIONS:In order to improve the overall teacher strength in training base,competence-based training for hospital pharma-cists must be strengthened to encourage teachers to attend training courses,strengthen cultivation of humanistic quality and enrich students'evaluation forms.

Objective To evaluate the relation of circadian blood pressure rhythm with vascular status in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension.MethodsAnkle-brachial index (ABI),brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were measured in 74 elderly patients with non-dipper hypertension (non-dipper group)、78 elderly patients with dipper hypertension ( dipper group),and 72 healthy controls ( control group).Results In comparison with the dipper group,baPWV and IMT of the non-dipper group were significantly increased [ baPWV (1801.61± 314.27) vs (1658.67±274.80) (cm/s)],P＜0.01; IMT:(0.96 ±0.22) vs (0.87 +0.19) (mm),(P＜0.05),while ABI of the non-dipper group was decreased (1.03 ±0.17 vs1.12 ±0.18,P＜0.01).Identification rate was significantly different among 3 groups when baPWV ＞1400 cm/s (x2 =12.57,P ＜0.01) or ABI ＜0.9 ( x2 =9.74,P ＜0.01).The detection of carotid plaques was also significantly different ( x2 =16.49,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions These findings suggest that vascular damage could be found in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension,especially in those with non-dipper hypertension.ABI,baPWV and IMT measurement may be helpful for the assessment of vascular status.

Objective To compare the difference of ELISA and LABScreen in detecting HLA antibodies and evaluate their effects on allograft rejection.Methods Consecutive patients undergoing kidney transplantion from November,2008 to December,2009 in the First Affiliated Hospital and the following up patients during the same period,with abnormal Scr who had completed kidney biopsies,were included in this study.Patients' HLA antibodies were detected by ELISA (Lambda antigen tray,LATTM) and LABScreen Mix Beads (LABScreen MIX,One Lambda,Canoga Park,CA,USA) or LABScreen Single antigen beads (LABScreenTM single antigen beads,One Lambda,Canoga Park,CA,USA).Patients' Scr were also detected at different time potints.Results There were 277 patietns included.Among them 145 (52.3％) cases were HLA antibody positive detected by LABScreen,which including 118 cases ELISA negative but LABScreen positive,and 27 cases both ELISA and LABScreen positive.No case was ELISA positive but LABScreen negative.Among 118 cases which were LABScreen positive but ELISA negative,41 (34.7％) cases happened acute or chronic rejection.However,only 24 cases happened rejection in 132 double negative cases (18.2％,P =0.003).There were 31％ patients in rejection group while only 12.8％ patients (P=0.01) in non-rejection group whose HLA antibody fluorescence intensity detected by LABScreen single antigen beads still increased two weeks after transplantation.Conclusion LABScreen is more sensitive than ELISA in detecting HLA antibodies,and its result highly correlates with the incidence of allograft rejection.