Objective:To establish a Crownpak CR( +)-HPLC method for the determination of the content and related substance of valacyclovir hydrochloride dispersible tablets. Methods: A Crownpak CR( +) [4. 0 mm × 150 mm,5 μm,DAICEL CROWNPAK CR( +)] column was used,and the mobile phase was 0. 1% perchloric acid in water. The flow rate was 0. 75 ml·min-1 and the de-tection wavelength was 255 nm. Results: A good linear range of valacyclovir hydrochloride was 11. 25-180. 00 μg · ml-1 ( r =1. 000 0), and the average recovery was 99. 0%(RSD=0. 8%, n=9). A good linear range of alacyclovir was 0. 2-50μg·ml-1(r=1. 000 0), and the average recovery was 99. 3%(RSD=0. 6%, n=9). The content of the tablets from two pharmaceutical companies was 92. 7% and 97. 4%, respectively, that of acyclovir calculated by an external standard method was 0. 5% and 0. 4%, respectively, and that of D-valacyclovir calculated by a self-control method was 0. 9%. Conclusion:The method can effectively separate valacyclovir and D-valacyclovir, which is simple, accurate and reliable, and suitable for the quantity control of valacyclovir hydrochloride.

Objective To study the morbidity rate of and relevance to coronary stenosis in cerebral infarction patients. Methods CT coronary angiography was performed in 112 cases of cerebral infarction after CT cerebral angiography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out between the clinical data and coronary stenosis. Results In 112 cases receiving CT cerebral angiography, the morbidity rate of coronary stenosis was 46.4%. In 95 cerebral infarction patients, the morbidity rate of coronary stenosis was 51.6%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, hypertension, hyperlipeidemia, significant narrowing of cerebral artery were identified as independent predictors for coronary stenosis. Conclusions Heart examination with 64 row CT should be routinely performed after cerebral angiography in cerebral infarction patients,especially in those with age greater than 65 years, hypertension, hyperlipoidemia and significant narrowing of cerebral artery so as to detect coronary stenosis early.

Objective To investigate the role of GABAB1 receptors in spinal dorsal horn neurons in the development of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). Methods Sixty pathogen free male SD rats aged 4 weeks weighing 150-170 g were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 30 each): control group and DNP group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 50 mg/kg. Blood glucose levels and paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli were measured at 3, 5 and 7 weeks (T1, T2, T3 ) after IP STZ/NS ( n = 10 each). The animals were sacrificed after PWL measurement. The lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of GABAB1 receptors by immuno-histochemistry, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results The blood glucose levels were significantly higher while the PWT was significantly lower at T1,T2 and T3 in group DNP than in control group. The expression of GABAB1 receptor mRNA and protein in spinal dorsal horn was significantly lower at T2 and T3 in DNP group than in control group. Conclusion The expression of GABAb1 receptors is down-regulated in spinal dorsal horn neurons in rats with DNP.

Objective To investigate the improvement of postpartum pelvic floor by rehabilitation training assessed with three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound . Methods One hundred cases of healthy postpartum women were randomly divided into two groups :control group and training group .The control group received the customary education ,and the training group received pelvic floor rehabilitation training . At 6 and 12 weeks postpartum ,levator hiatus area ,thickness of the levator ani muscle ,bladder neck mobility ,and bladder posterior horn were measured with three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound in all the subjects . Meanwhile ,the muscle strength situations were tested . Results At 12 weeks postpartum ,the anal levator hiatal area ,bladder neck mobility and bladder posterior horn in the training group were lower than those of the control group[ ( 21 .6 ± 3 .2) cm 2 vs ( 25 .6 ± 2 .4 ) cm 2 ,( 27 .9 ± 5 .3) mm vs ( 31 .5 ± 5 .9) mm ,( 126 .3 ± 21 .2)° vs (135 .3 ± 11 .6)°] ( P < 0 .05) . Compared with control group ,the thickness of the levator ani muscle increased in training group [ ( 13 .6 ± 2 .3) mm vs ( 15 .3 ± 2 .5) mm ] ( P < 0 .05) . The incidence of stress urinary incontinence in the training group ( 5% ) was significantly lower than the control group ( 12 .5% ) at 12 weeks postpartum ( χ2 = 5 .487 , P = 0 .025) . The muscle strength had no significant difference at 6 weeks postpartum . At 12 weeks postpartum ,the pass rate of class Ⅰ muscle fiber was 78 .5% ,and that of class Ⅱ muscle fiber was 83 .3% in the training group ;the pass rate of class Ⅰ muscle fiber was 28 .5% ,and class Ⅱ muscle fiber was 37 .3% in the control group , the improvement was significant at 12 weeks postpartum . Conclusions The result of the transperineal real-time ultrasonographic evaluation of post-natal pelvic floor rehabilitation training has high consistency with the measurement of muscle strength . The ultrasound examination is simple and accurate ,and has highly applicable value in evaluating the effect of post-pelvic rehabilitation training .

Objective To explore the association among viral load,CD4 count and neutralizing ac-tivity of plasma from chronic HIV-1 infected former blood donors in Anhui province, China. Methods 294 chronically HIV-1 B' infected individuals from former blood donors in Anhni province were enrolled, whose plasma and peripheral blood mononuelnar cells (PBMC) were isolated. The viral load and CD4 were detec-ted, and the neutralization activity of plasma against primary virus (1597) and lab-adapted strain (SF33) was detected by Luciferase Assay System based on TZM cell line, and 50% neutralizing level was calculated by the Reed-Mueneh method. Results Neutralizing activity responding against SF33 strain was higher than 1597 (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between neutralizing concentration of plasma against SF33 and viral load (1g) (r = 0.191, P = 0.001), but there was no correlation between neutralizing concen-tration of plasma against 1597 and viral load(lg) (r = 0.097, P = 0.096). Conchtsion In chronic HIV-1 infectious people, neutralizing level against SF33 increases with viral replication, however, there is no asso-ciation of plasma neutralizing against 1597 replication with viral load.

Stroke is one of the major diseases leading to human death and disability,and prevention and treatment of stroke have become difficult medical problems.A large number of studies have shown that estrogen has significant neuroprotective effect against stroke,but its clinical application has encountered many obstacles.Long-term use of estrogen,especially the activation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) will increase the risk of reproductive system tumors.Recent studies abroad and our previous research have found that activation of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) can significantly alleviate cerebral ischemic injury.In addition,activation of ERβ can also improve the learning and memory abilities of ovariectomized rats.At the same time,ERβ selective agonists lack the ability to stimulate the proliferation of breast or endometrial tissue as compared with estrogen or ERa agonists,so activation of ERβ is expected to be a more safe and effective method for the prevention and treatment of stroke in menopause women.In this paper,we briefly reviewed the neuroprotective effects associated with ERβ signaling pathway in order to provide new ideas and molecular targets for the clinical transformation of estrogen in prevention and treatment against stroke.

Objective To investigate the related factors on effects of uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the treatment of dysmenorrhea in patients with adenomyosis, and to construct and validate the efficacy prediction model. Methods A total of 127 cases of adenomyosis patients with symptoms of dysmenorrhea in Guangzhou No.1 People′s Hospital and Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from June 1999 to December 2009 were reviewed. The evaluation standard was to improve the degree of dysmenorrhea, the related factors of efficacy were analysed. Combined with artificial neural network theory, the effect prediction model was constructed, and the effectiveness of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the effectiveness of the cut-off point was calculated. The model was validated by 68 cases of patients with adenomyosis in the Nanfang Hospital from January 2010 to November 2014. Results (1) In 127 cases of dysmenorrhea patients, UAE treatment was effective in 98 cases, effective rate was 77.2% (98/127). (2) Age was an independent predictor of effective UAE treatment (HR=1.129, P=0.026);in the range of this study, the greater the age, the higher the UAE treatment efficiency. (3) The developing situation of ovary branches of uterine artery was an independent predictor of effective UAE treatment (HR=0.460, P=0.020), the efficiency of patients whose intraoperative bilateral uterine artery ovarian branch did not develop was 89.7%(35/39), the efficiency of patients whose unilateral uterine artery ovarian branch was developing was 84.1% (37/44) and the efficiency of patients whose bilateral uterine artery ovarian branch were developing was 59.1% (26/44). (4) Blood supply of adenomyosisis was an independent predictor of effective UAE treatment (HR=0.313, P=0.001). Type Ⅰ (bilateral predominated) patients, efficiency was 93.5%(43/46);typeⅡ(bilateral balanced) patients, efficiency was 78.0%(39/50);type Ⅲ (unilateral predominated) patients, efficiency was 51.6% (16/31). (5) UAE for the treatment of adenomyosis efficacy of artificial neural network prediction model was constructed, the model′s area under the ROC curve was 0.808, the optimal cut-off point was 0.669 13. Actual verification of the model, sensitivity was 96.5%, specificity was 81.8%, positive predictive value was 96.5%and negative predictive value was 81.8%, the total accuracy was 94.1%. Conclusions (1) Age, the developing situation of ovary branches and blood supply of adenomyosis are the independent predictors of effective UAE treatment. (2) The artificial neural network prediction model is satisfied with the accuracy and the accuracy of prediction.

OBJECTIVETo study the early X-ray and CT findings of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

METHODSChest radiography and CT were performed in 28 patients with SARS within one to three days after onset of the disease. CT examinations included conventional spiral CT and high-resolution CT (HRCT). The radiographic and CT findings of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAbnormal CT findings were noted in all the patients, but abnormal chest radiographic findings in 17 cases (60.7%, 17/28). CT showed single small focal patchy opacities in 23 patients (82.1%, 23/28), including oval ground-glass opacities in 20 patients, lobular distribution ground-glass opacities in 2 and small patchy consolidation in one. Multi-focal ground-glass opacities were found in 2 patients and extensive opacities in three. In the 28 patients, a total of 31 lesions were found in the upper (7, 22.6%), middle (3, 9.7%), and lower lobes (21, 67.7%). The diameter of the lesions ranged from 20 to 35 mm.

CONCLUSIONThe dominant feature of early SARS patients is focal patchy opacity in the lung, and oval small ground-glass opacities are the common morphological findings on CT.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of the "task-based" teaching mode in dose measurement of tumor radiotherapy to develop the independent practical ability of students.Methods:Twenty-one undergraduate students majoring in radiotherapy dosimetry were randomly divided into experimental group ( n=11) and control group ( n=10). The "task-based" teaching mode based on independent learning, thinking and designing was used in the experimental group, while the traditional teaching mode based on the guidance of teachers was applied in the control group. Then the practical examination of students was carried out through the case of measuring the absorbed dose of accelerator electron beam. The practical ability of the two groups of students was scored and compared by the objective and comprehensive scoring criteria. Results:The scores of each practical step and total score in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The average total scores of the two groups were (90.18±1.97) and (83.70±3.68), respectively. Conclusion:The "task-based" practice teaching mode can improve students' ability of completing radiotherapy dose measurement independently.

Objective:To investigate the incidence rate, surgical rate and spontaneous cure of indirect inguinal hernia in children of Xinjiang region.Methods:Children, aged from 4?14 years, coming from 24 kindergartens, 18 primary schools and 9 junior middle schools of 3 countries and 5 cities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were recruited to participate as respondents. The survey time for baseline data collection was from May 2013 to June 2014 and the retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted. Parents of children were investigated by questionnaire, and children were examined on site. Observation indicators: (1) results of questionnaire survey; (2) illness and treatment of children involved in the study; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using telephone interview. Children who had been diagnosed and not been treated surgically at the time of questionnaire survey were followed up to detect disease progression and treatment in the past 5 years. If the symptoms of a child had disappeared during follow-up, parents of the child should accompany the child to hospital for physical examination and B-ultrasound examination to confirm the diagnosis, and then follow-up was conducted by telephone interview. The follow-up was up to January 2020. Count data were described as absolute numbers and percentages, and compari-son between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results:(1) Results of questionnaire survey. A total of 19 132 question-naires were distributed, and 19 132 complete questionnaires were recovered. Of the 19 132 children who completed the questionnaire survey, there were 9 670 males and 9 462 females. (2) Illness and treatment of children involved in the study. ① Incidence of indirect inguinal hernia in children with different sexes. Of the 19 132 children, 498 cases were diagnosed as indirect inguinal hernia, including 368 boys and 130 girls, with the prevalence as 3.806%(368/9 670) and 1.374%(130/9 462), respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of indirect inguinal hernia between boys and girls ( χ2=111.54, P<0.05). The proportion of boys and girls in children with indirect inguinal hernia was 73.896%(368/498) and 26.104%(130/498), respectively, with the ratio of 2.8:1. The prevalence of boys was higher than girls ( odds ratio=2.84, 95% confidence interval as 2.32?3.48).② Age of children at first onset. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 59 cases were aged 1?4 years at first onset including 54 boys and 5 girls, 264 cases were aged 5?8 years including 196 boys and 68 girls, 148 cases were aged 9?12 years including 104 boys and 44 girls, 27 cases were aged 13?14 years including 14 boys and 13 girls. There was a significant difference in the age of children at first onset between boys and girls ( χ2=17.33, P<0.05). ③ Pathogenic factors in children with indirect inguinal hernia. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 457 cases had complete family history and crying history, and 41 cases were missing. Family history: of the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia who had complete family history, there were 175 cases with the family history of indirect inguinal hernia and 282 cases without the family history. Of the 478 healthy children surveyed in the same period, there were 25 cases with the family history and 453 cases without the family history. There was a significant difference in the family history between the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia and the 478 healthy children ( χ2=515.89, P<0.05). Crying history: of the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia who had complete crying history, there were 194 cases with obvious crying history and 263 cases without obvious crying history. Of the 496 healthy children surveyed in the same period, there were 99 cases with obvious crying history and 397 cases without obvious crying history. There was a significant difference in the crying history between the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia and the 496 healthy children ( χ2=56.51, P<0.05). ④ Surgical treatment. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 233 cases underwent surgical treatment including 217 boys and 16 girls, 265 cases were followed up without surgical treatment including 151 boys and 114 girls. The surgical rate for indirect inguinal hernia in boys and girls was 58.967%(217/368) and 12.308%(16/130), respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=84.01, P<0.05). The operation ratio of boys and girls was 13.6:1, and the surgical rate of boys was higher than girls ( odds ratio=10.24, 95% confidence interval as 5.83?17.98). (3) Follow-up. All the 265 children without surgical treatment for indirect inguinal hernia were followed up for 5 years. During the follow-up, there were 142 of 151 boys with surgical treatment and 9 boys without surgical treatments, showing negative in spontaneous cure. There were 27 of 114 girls with surgical treatment and 87 girls without surgical treatment, showing 55 cases positive in spontaneous cure and 32 cases still with indirect inguinal hernia. There was a significant difference in spontaneous cure between the 151 boys and the 114 girls ( χ2=143.79, P<0.05). Conclusion:In Xinjiang region, the incidence rate and surgical rate of indirect inguinal hernia are lower in girls compared with boys, and the spontaneous cure rate is higher in girls compared with boys.