Supernumerary teeth is one kind of teeth dysplasia.2 cases with more than 3 supernumerary teeth located in premolar region are re-ported.

Medical ethics is an important constitutes of medicine project. The medical ethics of military has its particularity and realism meaning. Combined with the spirit of anti-SARS and the actuality of military medicine ethnics,we must adopt some availability measure to promote the education of military medicine ethnics.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (nCIT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods:Clinical data of patients who received nCRT or nCIT followed by esophagectomy for locally advanced ESCC between January 2010 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, with 155 patients in the nCRT group and 470 patients in the nCIT group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed in the two groups. After PSM, 120 patients were allocated to the nCRT group and 192 patients to the nCIT group. The pathological response and disease recurrence were compared between the two groups after PSM. Log rank test were used to compare the survival outcomes before and after PSM. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the prognostic factors for locally advanced ESCC.Results:After PSM, the R0 resection rate in the nCRT group and the nCIT group was 93.3% (112/120) and 93.8% (180/192), respectively, with no statistical significance ( P=0.884). However, the pathological complete response rate in the nCRT group [36.7% (44/120)] was higher than that in the nCIT group [21.4% (41/192), P=0.003]. For patients with R0 resection, the major recurrence pattern was distant metastasis [18.8% (21/112)] in the nCRT group, while the pattern was locoregional recurrence [12.2% (22/180)] in the nCIT group. The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 52.7% and 66.1% ( P=0.022) and the 3-year overall survival rates were 59.2% and 75.5% ( P=0.002) in the nCRT and nCIT groups, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis also revealed that the neoadjuvant therapy mode was an independent prognostic factor for patients with locally advanced ESCC. Compared with nCRT, nCIT could significantly prolong disease-free survival ( HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.86) and overall survival ( HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.79). Conclusion:These results suggest that nCIT could significantly improve disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate over nCRT in locally advanced ESCC, even with lower pathological complete response rate.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (nCIT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods:Clinical data of patients who received nCRT or nCIT followed by esophagectomy for locally advanced ESCC between January 2010 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, with 155 patients in the nCRT group and 470 patients in the nCIT group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed in the two groups. After PSM, 120 patients were allocated to the nCRT group and 192 patients to the nCIT group. The pathological response and disease recurrence were compared between the two groups after PSM. Log rank test were used to compare the survival outcomes before and after PSM. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the prognostic factors for locally advanced ESCC.Results:After PSM, the R0 resection rate in the nCRT group and the nCIT group was 93.3% (112/120) and 93.8% (180/192), respectively, with no statistical significance ( P=0.884). However, the pathological complete response rate in the nCRT group [36.7% (44/120)] was higher than that in the nCIT group [21.4% (41/192), P=0.003]. For patients with R0 resection, the major recurrence pattern was distant metastasis [18.8% (21/112)] in the nCRT group, while the pattern was locoregional recurrence [12.2% (22/180)] in the nCIT group. The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 52.7% and 66.1% ( P=0.022) and the 3-year overall survival rates were 59.2% and 75.5% ( P=0.002) in the nCRT and nCIT groups, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis also revealed that the neoadjuvant therapy mode was an independent prognostic factor for patients with locally advanced ESCC. Compared with nCRT, nCIT could significantly prolong disease-free survival ( HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.86) and overall survival ( HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.79). Conclusion:These results suggest that nCIT could significantly improve disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate over nCRT in locally advanced ESCC, even with lower pathological complete response rate.

Objective To compare the dose difference between the 12-bit and 16-bit CT images containing metallic implants calculated by different algorithms. Methods The titanium alloy rod was inserted into the phantom and subject to CT scan and then the 12-bit and 16-bit CT images were reconstructed. The CT images were online transmitted to the Monaco planning system and a 0° of single field was designed. The dose distribution was calculated by PB (Pencil Beam), CC (Collapsed Cone) and MC (Monte Carlo) algorithms, respectively. The CT-ED curve was expanded and the dose was recalculated. The depth dose curve through the center of the metallic implants along with the direction of the field was obtained by using the Matlab 8. 3 statistical software. The dose distribution curves between 12-bit and 16-bit CT images calculated by different algorithms and the dose difference of varying distances between the incident and the exit surfaces of metallic implants were statistically compared. The dose was measured by thimble chamber. Results The 16-bit CT images accurately read the CT values of the metallic implants. After the CT-ED curve was expanded, the dose on the incident surface of metallic implant was reduced by 5. 43% and that on the exit surface was increased by 25. 56% calculated by PB algorithm compared with MC algorithm. The dose on the posterior exit surface was higher than that of MC algorithm. The dose on the incident surface of metallic surface was decreased by 4. 5%, whereas that on the exit surface was reduced by 4. 31% using CC algorithm. The dose on the posterior exit surface was more significantly reduced. The calculated values by MC algorithm were the most close to the measured values. Conclusions Application of 16-bit CT image, CT-ED curve expansion of the treatment planning system combined with MC algorithm can enhance the accuracy of dose calculation for the patients containing metallic implants during radiotherapy.