After major operation,a series of complicated pathological and physiological changes will occur during the trauma and stress state.The protein synthesis is affected,which results in negative nitrogen balance.In addition,the release of inflammatory factors can damage the capillary endothelial cells and increase the permeability of micrangium,induce vascular colloidal albumin leakage to the extravascular tissue,decrease plasma albumin,make wound edema,eventually lead to postoperative hypoproteinemia.Except for albumin supplement,it should be aimed at the mechanism to control the stress response and reduce the leakage caused by the release of inflammatory factors to solve this problem radically in clinical work.The reports about the causes and treatment of hypoproteinemia after major surgery were reviewed to provide evidence for clinical treatment.

Objective The practical evaluation of Rosco Disk Diffusion method on the clinical antifungal susceptibility test for yeast-like fungi. Methods The Fluconazole susceptibility test was detected by Rosco Disk Diffusion method and NCCLS M27-A broth macrodilution method with 76 yeast-like fungus strains isolated from clinical specimens. Three standard strains were used as the quality control. Results Coincidence rate of the two methods was 90.8%,The sensitive strains detected by one method didn't show resistance in another detection method, and the resistant strains detected by one method yet didn't show sensivity in another.Conclusion Rosco disk diffusion method can be used in clinical detection instead of NCCLS M27-A broth macrodilution method.

Objective To investigate the role of Ro52 antigen fragment from amino acid (AA) 119 to 264 that contains leucine zipper motif in forming the epitopes of Ro52 autoantigen. Methods cDNA encoding Ro52 antigen fragment from aa 119 to 264 was amplified by PCR from human heart cDNA first strand. The obtained cDNA fragment was inserted into vector pMTY4 and transformed into E. coli pop2136 for fusion protein expression. The recombinant fusion protein was then purified, and the antigenicity was determined by immunoblotting. Results A 28 000 Dalton fusion protein was obtained. It was highly expressed in host E. coli pop2136. 61.90% of the anti-full-length Ro52 positive sera reacted with the fusion protein in immunoblotting. Conclusion The results suggest that the antigen fragment from the 119 AA to 264 AA that contains the leucine zipper motif represents an important epitope region in Ro52 autoantigen.

Objective To investigate the prognosis of two subtypes of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE). Methods Forty patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus were followed-up for 3 to 14 years. The clinical and laboratory findings, the response to treatment and the prognosis in these cases were comparatively analyzed. Results During the follow-up period, the patients with annular erythema subtype of SCLE showed recurrent annular skin lesions and mild systemic manifestations. Some patients gradually developed sicca symptoms. On the other hand, most patients with papulosquamous subtype of SCLE developed systemic LE manifestions. 21.7％ of the patients in the annular erythema group had mild nephritis which could be controlled by lower dose of corticosteroids and no patients died. However, 64.7％ of the patients in the papulosquamous group had moderate to severe lupus nephritis, which required higher dose of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents to control. Among them, One patient died and 3 patients developed uremia. Conclusion Annular erythema subtype of SCLE is milder and has a better prognosis than that of papulosquamous subtype.

Objective To detect the possible epitopes of 52 000 dalton Ro/SSA autoantigen and selectively clone the antigen fragment containing the leucine zipper motif. Methods The structure of 52 000 dalton Ro/SSA autoantigen was analyzed by protein structure analysis system. The cDNA encoding the antigen fragments from amino acid (aa) 119 to 264 was amplified from cDNA first strands of human heart by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was inserted into the vector pMTY4, and transfected E. coli pop 2136 for fusion protein production. Results Computer analysis showed that the 52 000 dalton Ro/SSA antigen had alpha helixes in its structure, and had good antigenicity, moderate flexibility and poor surface probability. The PCR product was 440bp in length. The recombinant fusion protein was 28 000 dalton. DNA sequencing proved the accuracy of the research. Conclusion The 52 000 dalton Ro/SSA autoantigen has good antigenicity. The cloning of the antigen fragment will help to elucidate the possible role of leucine zipper motif in forming the epitope of the antigen.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of normal hematopoietic and without causing the increase of relapse rate of amifostine in patients with acute myeloid chemotherapy.Methods One hundred and forty-two acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients were selected and divided into combination group(n =56) and chemotherapy alone group (n =86).Hematological toxicity and non-hematologic toxicity,response rate,duration of response of patients were prospective,non-randomized,case-control study.Results Fifty-six patients in combined group included 30 male and 26 female patients,and 18 patients in high risk stage and 32 patients in intermediate risk stage and 6 patients in low risk.The median age was (35.14 ± 14.42) year in combination group.Chemotherapy alone group included 58 male 28 female patients,and 14 patients in high risk and 64 patients in intermediate risk and 8 patients in low risk.The median age was (46.58 ± 16.99) year.There were no significant difference between two groups in terms of gender (P =0.318) and risk stage(P =0.262).But more young patients were in combination group compared with chemotherapy alone group and there was significant difference(P =0.004).In combination group,42.9％ (24 cases)patients got high Ara-C dose and 32.1％ (18 cases) patients got high HAA dose chemotherapy compared with control group (14.9％ (12 cases)and 20.9％ (18 cases)).The during periods of platelet with ＜20 × 109/L in combination was 0(0,7) day,lower than that in chemotherapy alone group (9 (4,14),P =0.01).Meanwhile the volume of platelet infusion in combination group was less than that in chemotherapy alone group and the nadir of platelet4(0(0,3) U vs.4(1,6) U,P =0.02).No statistic difference was found in two groups regarding of non-hematological side effects and the relapse rate (before and after treatment,combination group:96.4％ (54/56) ; Chemotherapy alone group:98.8 ％ (85/86) ; P=0.062).Conclusion Amifostine may provide protection for AML patients,can short duration of thrombocytopenia,reduce platelet transfusions,and other side effect was no significant difference.

L6.A longitudinal column of HRP-labeled motoneurons was found in the dorsolateral and mediolateral portions of the spinal cord,distributing in the lamina Ⅸ from the caudal L4 to the rostral L6.Additionally,the transganglionic HRP-labeled central projection axonal terminals were found to be dense in the central part of laminae Ⅰ-Ⅱ from L4 to the rostral L6,and to scatter in the central part of gracile nucleus.Conclusion HRP-labeled primary afferent and efferent innervating acupoint "Taixi"(KI 3) are DRGs of L4-L6,the dorsolateral and mediolateral motoneuron columns of L4-L6,and the centrally projecting axonal terminals of laminae Ⅰ-Ⅱ of the spinal cord and the gracile nucleus.

Ketoprofen is widely used as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. A potential sustained release ketoprofen tablet formulation was designed by orthogonal experiment on formulations composed of differential common excipients and homemade polymerides, and was screened by dissolution in vitro. The dissolution rate (%) of the ketoprofen tablet in simulated intestinal fluid was 16.6, 26.7, 42.2, 63.6, 83.1, 93.4, at 30min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 h, respectively. The plasma ketoprofen concentrations in six male volunteers were assayed after administration of a single oral dose (100 mg) of the sustained release tablet. It was found that the tablet formulation screened in vitro had sustained release effect in vivo too. This study suggests that there was a close correlation between the dissolution of sustained release ketoprofen tablet in vitro and the percent of dose absorbed in vivo, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9689. The influence of tablet hardness on the release rate of ketoprofen was also observed..

Objective:To detect the immune response in mice inoculated by DNA vaccine expressing chimeric gene gag gp120 of HIV 1.Methods:After BALB/C mice were immunized by the eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAXGE,the numbers of T lymphocyte subgroups of spleen,the killing rate of specific CTL from the immunized mice and the titers of serum antibodies during the different time were observed.Results:The lymphocytes of the immunized group by recombinant plasmid pVAXGE proliferated,the specific CTL killing rate of spleen was higher significantly than those of the control group( P

Patients were divided into normal control, liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis groups. The patients with cirrhosis were categorized according to the Child Pugh classification into Child A,Child B and Child C groups. The waveforms of the right hepatic vein were examined with ultrasonography. HV(hepatic vein)0 waveforms were found in all the control subjects, 70.8% in those with fibrosis and 40.7% in those with cirrhosis. HV1 were found in 16.7% of those with fibrosis and 17.8% of those with cirrhosis. HV2 were found in 12.5% of those with fibrosis and 41.5% of those with cirrhosis. Statistical analysis showed that HV2 waveforms were significantly more often in patients with cirrhosis than in those with fibrosis. HV2 waveforms in the right hepatic vein are suggestive of liver cirrhosis.