Objective To carry out patients' participation in promoting health care workers(HCWs) to improve hand hygiene (HH) compliance in the outpatient transfusion room, obtain real data of HH, and further provide basis for performing the activity in the whole hospital.Methods HH compliance of nurses in outpatient transfusion room during four stages was observed by using the healthcare-associated infection control toolkit mobile phone APP.Intervention was not implemented at the first stage, HH promotion was implemented at the second stage, simulation of patients participated in promoting HCWs to improve HH compliance was performed at the third stage, and patients actually participated in promoting HCWs to improve HH compliance at the fourth stage.A questionnaire about patients' willingness to participate in the promotion of HCWs to improve HH compliance was developed and filled out by patients and nurses.Results HH compliance rates of nurses in transfusion room at four stages were 21.43%, 44.27%, 61.48%, and 82.88% respectively, differences was significant(χ2=110.35,P<0.01);HH correct rates at four stages were 44.44%, 74.14%, 81.33%, and 81.82% respectively, differences was significant(χ2=18.50,P<0.01).Conclusion Patients participating in promotion of HH can significantly improve HH compliance of HCWs, which is simple and effective, and worth to be popularized.

Objective To investigate the clinical implication value of using Doppler ultrasound to detect renal hemodynamic changes in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.Methods Color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect renal hemodynamic changes of main renal arteries and intedobar renal arteries and arcs renal arteries in 40 cases of Henoch-Schonlein purpura,whose urine routine,microalbuminuria were also tested,and 32 healthy children served as control group.Results Maximum crest flow rate (Vmax) during systole,minimum crest flow rate(Vmin) during diastole and resistance index(RI) of main renal arteries and interlobar renal arteries of children in HSP group were all higher than those of control group,while Vmax,Vmin and RI of arcs renal arteries were almost the same.Color doppler ullrasound showed that 28 cases were abnormal in renal flow,which accounted for 70％.Fourteen cases with abnormality were detected in routine urine and 18 cases in microalbuminutia,which accounted for 35％ and 45％ of total cases respectively.Sensitivity of color doppler ultrasound was higher than microalbuminuria and routine urine,while the sensitivity difference was not statistically different between microall uminuria and routine urine.Conclusions Renal hemodynamics is a sensitive index to find out renal lesion of early stages in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and antimicrobial use in a maternal and child health hospital,so as to provide reference for preventing and controlling HAI.Methods A cross-sec-tional survey on HAI prevalence of all hospitalized patients from 2010 to 2014 was conducted by combination of bedside ex-amination and medical record review.Results The prevalence rates of HAI in 2010—2014 was 3.29%,5.20%,3.97%, 3.93% and 3.73% respectively.HAI mainly occurred in patients at department of pediatrics (9.09%-12.96%),the major infection site was upper respiratory tract (50.00%-69.56%).Antimicrobial usage rate was 50.19%,41.40%, 23.40%,25.47% and 23.92% respectively,which decreased year by year (χ2 = 133.40,P <0.001 );antimicrobial prophylactic usage rate was as high as 57.38%-75.47%;single usage rate were all>95%.Conclusion Antimicrobial a-gents used by hospitalized patients showed a overall downward trend from 2010 to 2014.,but antimicrobial prophylactic us-age rate is high,management of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened.

Objective To compare the humidification efficacy of sterile water-filled cup and sterile water-filled wa-ter reservoir on infant incubators,as well as bacterial culture of incubators . Methods Ten infant incubators in a neonatal intensive care unit were randomly divided into observation group and control group,incubators in observa-tion group were humidified through sterile water in single used cups,in control group were through water in water reservoirs ,humidified water,air in incubators,and object surface were performed bacterial culture 24 hours after the change of humidified water. Results The humidity in both groups achieved the requirement of >50% ;the qualified rate of bacterial culture of humidified water in observation group was significantly higher than control group (91.00% vs 74.00% ,χ2= 10.009,P= 0.002);bacterial count in observation group was significantly lower than control group([26.85±16.67]CFU/mL vs [37.20±15.28]CFU/mL,t= 4.577,P<0.001).The qualified rate of bacterial culture of air and surface of incubators in observation group were both significantly higher than control group (94.00% vs 85.00% ;98.00% vs 68.00% ,both P<0.05).Conclusion Water-filled cups can achieve the air humidification efficacy on infant incubators,reduce the growth of bacteria,and is helpful for preventing the occur-rence of healthcare-associated infection.

Objective To study the protective effects of curcumin on LPS-induced acute renal injury to offer the clinical evidence of treatment in mice. Methods Fifty-two mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, the control group (n=12), the LPC group (n=20) and the treated group (LPS + curcumin group, n=20). LPS (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into the mice of the LPS group. Curcumin (20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally after an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (5 mg/kg) to the mice of the treated group. The TNF-? level of the renal tissue, the serum level of urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) were determined in 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after injection. The expression of TLR2 mRNA was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR and the histopathological changes of the kidneys were studied. Results The TNF-? level of renal tissue and the serum levels of BUN and Cr were significantly increased in 3 h after injection in the LPS group and reached the peak at 6 h. The significant increase of the parameters lasted for 24 h. The changes of the expression of TLR2 mRNA were similar to those of TNF-?, BUN and Cr. The histopathological changes of the kidneys included renal tubular necrosis and detachment, formation of casts, glomerular ischemia and shrinkage and infiltration of large amount of PMN in LPS group. In the theated group, the tissue level of TNF-?, the serum levels of BUN and Cr and the expression of TLR2 mRNA were significantly decreased in 3, 6 and 12 h after injection and the histopathological changes were obviously alleviated. Conclusion Curcumin can alleviate LPS-induced acute renal injury and exerts good protection on the functions of the kidneys.

Objective To study the changes of cerebral haemodynamics in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) treated with Shengmai injection compared with citicoline,and explore the clinical interventions of Shengmai injection on HIE.Methods Fifty patients with HIE were randomized into 2 groups: shengmai group treated with Shengmai injection(n=30),and citicoline group treated with citicoline(n=20).The haemodynamic parameters included peak systolic flow velocity(PSFV),end-diastolic flow velocity(EDFV),pulsation index(PI) and resistance index(RI) of anterior and middle cerebral artery were detected by color Doppler ultrasound before treatment and on 7~(th) day after treatment respectively.Control group(n=50) compared with the two groups.Results PSFV,PDFV and RI of HIE patients were significantly lower than those of control group(P

Currently we are still unclear in the aspect of etiology and mechanisms,and lack of medical advice based on evidence-based medicine on postural tachycardia syndrome,inappropriate sinus tachycardia and vasovagal syncope.It also prompts clinical research direction of the three special arrhythmia in future.Based on this,it is very necessary to interpret the management consensus of these three types of arrhythmia.

Objective To compare the influence of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the haemodynamic response caused by tracheal intubation during general anesthesia induction in senile hypertension patients .Methods Sixty patients with essential hy‐pertension(EH) undergoing general anesthesia operation ,60-75 years old ,ASAⅠorⅡ ,were randomly divided into the group D1 , D2 and control group(C) ,20 cases in each group .4μg /mL dexmedetomidine in the group D1 and D2 was intravenously pumped at 15 min before anesthesia induction with the doses of 0 .2 ,0 .6 μg/kg respectively and completed within 10 min;while the group C was pumped with sodium chloride injection by the same method .Mean artery pressure (MAP) ,heart rate (HR) and O2 saturation (SpO2 ) were monitored at before medication(T0) ,before induction(T1) ,before intubation(T2) ,at 1 min(T3) ,5 min(T4) after tra‐cheal intubation .Meanwhile plasma norepinephrine(NE) and epinephrine(E) values were detected .Results Compared with before medication ,MAP before induction in the group D2 was significantly decreased (P<0 .05) ,however which in the group D1 and C had no obvious change(P>0.05);HR at 1 min after tracheal intubation in the group D2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05) , while which in the group C and D1 was significantly increased(P<0 .05) .Compared with the group C ,MAP and HR before induc‐tion and tracheal intubation ,at 1 ,5 min after tracheal intubation in the group D2 were significantly decreased(P<0.05) ,SpO2 was significantly decreased only before induction (P<0.01);MAP ,HR and SpO2 at each time points in the group D1 had no significant differences compared with the group C(P>0.05) .Compared with T0 ,the plasma levels of NE and E at T1 in the group D2 were decreased (P<0.01);the plasma levels of NE and E at T3 in the group C and D1 were increased ,while which in the group D2 were decreased (P<0.01) .The plasma levels of NE and E at T1 and T3 in the group D2 were decreased compared with the group C(P<0.01) .Conclusion Intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine can safely inhibit the tracheal intubation caused hemodynamic changes and keep the hemodynamic stabilization during general anaesthesia induction and tracheal intubation period in senile hyper‐tension patients .Furthermore dexmedetomidine 0.6μg/kg can more effectively inhibit the tracheal intubation caused stress reac‐tions than dexmedetomidine 0.2μg/kg .

Objective To observe the effect of cluster needling at scalp acupoints on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease (AD), and to elucidate its mechanism. Method Seventy eligible patients with cognitive impairment were randomized into two groups by their admission number. The treatment group was intervened by cluster needling at scalp acupoints plus oral administration of Fluoxetine hydrochloride, while the control group was by ordinary acupuncture. Two treatment courses later, the two groups were observed and compared in therapeutic efficacy and Activities of Daily living (ADL). Result There was a significant difference in comparing the total effective rate between the two groups (P＜0.05), the ADL scores dropped significantly in both groups after intervention (P＜0.01), and the decrease in the treatment group was statistically more significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion Cluster needling at scalp acupoints can effectively improve cognitive impairment in AD patients, and can promote the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate plasma natriuretic peptide brain (BNP) levels in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes and primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 122 elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups according to bone mineral density(BMD):normal group (41 cases),osteopenia group (40 cases) and osteoporosis group (41 cases),and another 33 age matched healthy subjects as control group.Plasma BNP levels were determined by ELISA.Results Plasma BNP levels in osteoporosis group [(1.95 ± 0.49) pmol/L] and osteopenia group [(1.64±0.48) pmol/L] were significantly elevated compared with that in normal group [(1.32±0.38) pmol/L] and control group [(1.26±0.39) pmol/L] (all P＜0.01).There was a statistical difference between osteoporosis group and osteopenia group (t=3.539,P＜0.05),and also between normal group and control group (t=2.726,P＜0.05).Plasma BNP levels had negative correlation with BMD of 2na-4th lumbar vertebra (r=-0.366) and femoral neck (r=-0.375),body mass index (r=-0.288) and estrodiol (E2) (r=-0.352) (all P＜0.05); while had a positive correlation with parathyroid hormone (PTH) (r=0.353,P＜0.05).Conclusions With BMD declining,plasma BNP levels are elevated in elderly male type 2 diabetes,which may be related to the compensatory increase in PTH and the decrease in estradiol.