This study is to investigate the effect of Vam3, a dimeric derivative of resveratrol, on SNP-induced apoptosis and its potential mechanism in rat articular chondrocytes. Isolated rat articular chondrocytes were treated with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, to induce apoptosis. Apoptosis percentage was evaluated by Annexin V-PI and nucleus fracture was examined by DAPI staining. Level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using 2, 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) as a fluorescence probe by fluorescence microplate reader. The change in mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by TMRE staining. Expressions of SIRT1, acetylated p53 (ac-p53), cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3 were determined by Western blotting. It showed that Vam3 up to 10 micromol x L(-1) could significantly reduce SNP-induced rat articular chondrocytes apoptosis (P < 0.01) and nucleus fracture, inhibit the increase of intracellular ROS level (P < 0.01) and reverse the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.01). Simultaneously, Vam3 could upregulate the expression of SIRT1, deacetylate p53, and inhibit the cleavage of caspase 9 and caspase 3 (P < 0.01) of rat articular chondrocytes exposed to SNP. This study indicates Vam3 could protect rat articular chondrocytes against SNP-induced apoptosis, perhaps through the upregulation of SIRT1 and deacetylation of p53.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; pharmacology ; Cartilage, Articular ; cytology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Nitric Oxide Donors ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Nitroprusside ; pharmacology ; Qa-SNARE Proteins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sirtuin 1 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

Druggability is crucial in pharmaceutical drug development as the source of drug research. Druggability research will face greater challenges because Chinese materia medica (CMM) is the multicomponent drug. In this paper, ideas and methods of study on CMM druggability were mainly proposed in combination with the chemical material basis of muticomponents of CMM.

In order to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of a Daphnes Cortex medicinal material fungus library and the screening of endophytic fungi that promote the growth of Daphnes Cortex and increase the content of daphnetin, we used Illumina high-throughput testing technology to analyze 9 Daphnes Cortex samples from Gansu and Shanxi provinces. A total of 632 766 valid sequences were obtained, including 348 OTUs, 4 phyla, 20 classes, 48 orders, 108 families, 154 genera, and 208 species. The sum of the first 3 fungal genera account for more than 65% of the total abundance, with the highest reaching 98.4%. Alternaria and Phoma are the main genuses of Daphne giraldii Nitsche, and Altemaria is the dominant genus. The endophytic fungi community of Daphnes Cortex is rich in diversity, and the order of fungal diversity in different producing areas is: Gangu County > Wutai County > Tanchang County.

The basic mechanical properties of a Radial Shock Wave Therapy Equipment (RSWTE) were experimentally studied in this paper. The output energy of the RSWTE working on the operation frequency of 10 Hz was measured by dynamic pressure transducer under the conditions of different operation pressure. The results showed that both operation pressure and operation frequency have effects on the output energy of the equipment. The output energy increases with the increase of operation pressure, and the magnitude of increased energy decreases with higher operation of frequency. With the increase of operation frequency, the output energy rises up in condition of lower operation pressure and drops off in condition of higher operation pressure. The accurate medical treatment should be selected with the optimized energy and condition according to the treatment requirement to different illness in clinical medical applications.
Equipment Design ; High-Energy Shock Waves ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; instrumentation ; Pressure

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects and mechanism of Tangweikang (TWK) in treating diabetic gastroparesis.

METHODSNinety diabetic gastroparesis patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Besides conventional hypoglycemic treatment, the 30 patients in the treated group were given TWK and the 30 in the control group were given Domperidone additionally, while to the 30 in the blank group, no additional drug was given. The clinical efficacy and the changes in level of motilin and gastric emptying rate were observed.

RESULTSTWK showed significant effects in improving clinical symptoms of patients, increasing gastric emptying rate, promoting gastrointestinal kinetics, shortening gastric emptying time and was beneficial to the control of blood sugar, including the 2 h post-prandial blood sugar and fructosamine. The curative rate and total effective rate in the treated group were 63.33% (19/30) and 93.33% (29/30) respectively, significantly different to those in the control group 26.67% (8/30) and 63.33%, also different to those in the blank group 23.33% (3/ 30) and 10.00%, respectively (P < 0.01). The clinical efficacy in the treated group was superior to that in the other two groups.

CONCLUSIONTWK has favorable therapeutic efficacy in treating DGP.

Aged ; Antiemetics ; therapeutic use ; Diabetes Complications ; drug therapy ; Domperidone ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastroparesis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To examine the distribution of bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients.Methods A total of 355 bacterial strains were isolated from febrile neutropenic patients in Shanghai General Hospital from January 2005 to December 2012. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer method. The susceptibility testing results were analyzed according to CLSI 2014 breakpoints.Results Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.4% of the 355 isolates, while gram-positive organisms accounted for 29.6%. The most common bacterial species werePseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaand Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Non-fermentative bacteria accounted for 53.2% of all the gram-negative bacterial isolates. All theEnterococcus and
Staphylococcus isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin. All theStaphylococcus strains were resistant to methicillin.P. aeruginosa isolates were relatively more susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime (>70%) than imipenem (40.8%) and meropenem (59.2%). All theK. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem and more than 70% of the isolates were susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, amikacin. More than 80% of theA. baumannii isolates were susceptible to carbapenems, cefoperazone-sulbactam, amikacin, ciprolfoxacin and aminoglycosides. All the E. coli isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and more than 70% were susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam and ceftazidime. More than 90% of theS. maltophilia strains were sensitive to levolfoxacin, minocycline, cefoperazone-sulbactam and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.Conclusions Our data suggest that gram-negative bacteria, especiallyEnterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative bacteria, are still the primary pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients. Antimicrobial resistant strains are prevalent. Such data of bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility proifle of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients are useful for empirical antimicrobial therapy of such infections.

Objective To analyze the outcome of the epidemiological investigation on an animal plague in Dingbian County of Shaanxi Province.Methods The region of 25 square kiolmeters(km2)in Hongliugou Town was selected as monitoring point of plague to investigate on host animals,etiology and serology.The epidemic area was classified,deratization and depulization were correspondingly adopted.Health education was carried out for prevention knowledge of plague,and questionnaire survey was conducted among residents and medical staff in the epidemic area.Result The average rat density in monitoring site was 8.38 rats per hectare in Hongliugou Town.Average rate infected with flea and flea index were 50.4%(56/111)and 1.81,respectively.The epidemic area was classified 3 types,and came up to the demand after corresponding measures adopted.In the epidemic area,the pass rate of the prevention and control knowledge were 62.00%(31/50)in residents and 92.98%(53/57) in medical staff.Conclusions Plague epizootic can be discovered by exercising regular monitoring and controlledimmed iately and effectively by taking the appropriate control measures.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects and significances of a cervical anterior Hybrid technique with posterior longitudinal ligament retained in treating cervical spondylosis.

METHODSThe clinical data of 138 patients with cervical spondylosis underwent cervical anterior Hybrid surgery were retrospectively analyzed from March 2009 to March 2013. There were 52 males and 86 females,the age ranged from 36 to 58 years old with an average of 45.3 years. Course of disease was from 3 to 16 months. Cervical spondylosis classification included 22 cases with nerve root type, 68 cases with myelopathic type, 48 cases with mixed type. All patients were treated with the primary Hybrid surgery and their cervical posterior longitudinal ligaments were retained in anterior decompression. JOA score and image examination were used to evaluate clinical effect, and image examination included range of motion of the replacement segment, range of motion of the whole cervical spine, the sagittal diameter of the spinal cord before and after operation.

RESULTSAll operations were successful and operation time was 60 to 125 min (averaged 90.6 min), perioperative bleeding was 10 to 60 ml (averaged 30.1 ml). All patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of 22.2 months. All pathological segments obtained fully decompression, reserved posterior longitudinal ligament had no obvious hypertrophy, proliferation and calcification. The prosthesis had good location and the incision healed well without complications. Upper limbs root symptoms were completely relieved in the patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, muscle strengths and sensations got different recovery in the patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. JOA score was increased from preoperative 8.62±1.22 to final follow-up 14.26±1.47 (P<0.05). Artificial intervertebral discs were stabilized in the patients, the replacement segment and range of motion of whole cervical spine were respectively (14.2± 5.6)° and (33.8±10.3)°, there was no significant differences between preoperative and postoperative (P>0.05). Spinal cord sagittal diameter was increased from preoperative (5.2±1.3) mm to postoperative (8.8±0.5) mm (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAnterior cervical Hybrid surgery with posterior longitudinal ligament retained can achieve fully decompression and good clinical efficacy, we recommend retaining the normal posterior longitudinal ligament in surgery as complete as possible.

Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery

Background:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common type of hematological malignancy in elderly people.Geriatricians have developed comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) methods for elderly patients;however,the tools used for CGA in AML are not uniform.Thus,we aimed to validate the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales,age,comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index),and albumin (IACA) index,which is a new tool for CGA,in elderly patients with AML.Methods:Patients aged ≥60 years who had been diagnosed with AML were screened for eligibility.Among the IACA low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups,continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test,and categorical variables were compared using x2 and Fisher exact tests.In addition,probabilities of overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results:A total of 21,34,and 6 patients were categorized into IACA low-risk (0 point),intermediate-risk (1-2 points),and high-risk (≥3 points) groups,respectively.The rates of relapse/progression-related mortality were 23.8％,58.8％,and 100.0％ in the IACA low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups,respectively (x =12.81,P ＜ 0.001).The 2-year probabilities of OS were 47.7％ (95％ confidence interval [CI] 22.8％-72.6％) and 20.2％ (95％ CI 5.9％-34.5％) in the IACA low-and intermediate-risk groups,respectively (x2=5.99,P =0.014),which were significantly higher than those in the high-risk group (low-risk [47.7％ (95％ CI 22.8％-72.6％)] vs.high-risk [0],x2=20.80,P ＜ 0.001;intermediate-risk [20.2％ (95％ CI 5.9％-34.5％)] vs.high-risk [0],x2=7.56,P =0.006;respectively).In the IACA low-risk group,the 2-year probability of OS in patients receiving induction chemotherapy (50.8％ [95％ CI 24.1％-77.5％]) was significantly higher than that in those receiving best supportive care (0,x2=25.74,P＜ 0.001).Conclusion:We suggest that the IACA index might be a simple and effective tool for comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly AML patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of pathogens in hematological ward and susceptibility of patients received chemotherapy to antibiotics. The pathogens were taken from blood, urine and sputum of patients who accepted chemotherapy from years 2001 to 2005, then were isolated and identified. The susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. The results showed that the total of 418 strains were detected. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common of nosocomial infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli account for the most of Gram negative- bacteria infection and most resistant to broad-spectrum penicillin, Acinetobacter baumannii showed a trend of increase. The ratios of gram positive bacteria and fungi were increased slowly, mainly as Enterococcus and Candida. Enterococcus is the most common cause of Gram-positive bacterial infection. Vancomycin resistance did not occur. It is concluded that Gram-negative bacteria are main cause of nosocomial infection in patients with hematological malignancies. Gram positive bacteria and fungi had been more frequent. Strains resistant to antimicrobial agents increase.
Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Hematologic Diseases ; microbiology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; microbiology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests