Objective To analyse the correlation of apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer's disease(AD) in old population in Urumqi.Methods The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) techniques were used to detect the distribution of genotype, gene frequency of ApoE alleles in 60 cases with sporadic AD and 90 normals as control.Results The frequency of ApoE?2, ApoE?3, ApoE?4 was 6.67%, 75.83% and 17.50% respectively in AD group, while in control group, it was 13.33%, 79.45% and 7.22% respectively. The frequency of ApoE?4 allele in AD group was higher than that in control group( P

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of transurethral cystitis glandularis electrocision combined with treating the diseases under bladder outlet in female.Methods One hundred and two female cases of cystitis glandularis who received transurethral electrical resection of the bladder mucosa combined with treating the diseases under bladder outlet were selected as experimental group,and another 78 female cases were selected as control group,who only received transurethral electrical resection of the bladder mucosa.The visual analogue score (VAS) was observed before and after a 12-week treatment,and the efficacy was evaluated by analysis of non parameter RIDIT.Results The operation time in experimental group and control group were 15-40 (26 ± 13) min and 8-19 (13 ± 5) min,respectively,and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Two groups cases urinated smoothly after the removal of catheter,without the occurrences of urinary fistula and incontinence.During the 12-weeks of follow-up,44 cases were cured,31 cases improved,15 cases were effective and 12 cases unimproved in experimental group; 26 cases were cured,21 cases improved,16 cases were effective and 15 cases unimproved in control group.There was significant difference between two groups (R =0.576,95％ CI0.519-0.633,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Although the operation time is lengthened by transurethral cystitis glandularis electrocision combined with treating the diseases under bladder outlet in female,this method obviously improves curative effect.

Objective To analyze the concentration, distribution and decreasing trend of niclosamide in soil through soil heaping mixed with niclosamide and the effect of Oncomelania control, and to explore the appropriate dosage for the 'heaping' method. Methods The soil samples were collected from six groups in Tezi township, Puge county, Sichuan Province, and the dosages were 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 and 0 g/m~2, respectively. After ultrasonic extraction, centrifugence and concentration, the samples were finally determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mortality rate of snails was observed after 3 days and 7 days. Results The standard error and range of niclosamide in soil were large. There was no significant difference in concentration of niclosamide between the surface layer and deep layer of soil (P>0.05). After 5 months, niclosamide still could be determined in groups of 4 g/m~2. The mortality rate of snails decreased as the concentration of niclosamide decreased (P<0.05). After 5 months, in the group of 4 g/m~2 dosage, the 3 and 7 days mortality rate of snails were 5.33% and 9.33% in the surface layer, higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The heaping method is an efficacious measure of controlling snails and its recommended dosage is 4 g/m~2.

Background As a new tonometer,it is necessary to assess the clinical value of Icare rebound tonometer.Objective This study was to compare the intraocular pressure(IOP)values measured by Icare with that measured by GAT,and discuss the clinical value of leare rebound tonometer. Methods IOP measurement was performed on 152 eyes of 78 subjects with suspicious glaucoma,glaucoma,refractive error and normal examinnee by Icare and GAT respectively.The Icare IOP was measured firstly and then the GAT IOP was carried out with the 3-or 5-minute interval.The IOP values were compared between Ieare and GAT.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese PLA.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this study. Results The mean IOP values of Icare and GAT were(19.16±5.03)mmHg and(18.41±4.52)mmHg respectively.The differences between Icare IOP and CAT IOP were less than or equal to 1 mmHg in 96 of 105 eyes(63.2%).The positive correlation was found between the Icare IOP and GAT IOP(r=0.940,P<0.01).The Ieare IOP was lower than that of GAT when IOPIcare<16 mmHg,however,the IOP of Icare were higher when IOPIcare≥6 mmHg;the IOP of Icare were higher than that of GAT in the total CCT range.The correlation coefficients of IOP of Icare or CAT with CCT were 0.341(P<0.01)and 0.333(P<0.01),respectively. Conclusion Compared with GAT,Icare is more feasible in clinic because it is practicable and reliable.

AIM:To establish the quality standard for Xuesaitong Granule(total saponins of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng). METHODS:The contents of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 were determined on the Shim-Pack C 18 (250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column,with CH3CN—H2O gradual elution and monitored at 203 nm. RESULTS:The average recovery of notoginsenoside R1 was 100.0% (RSD=1.00%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 5% labelled weight. The average recovery of ginsenoside Rg1 was 99.8 % (RSD=0.47%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 20% labelled weight. The average recovery of ginsenoside Rb1 was 99.8% (RSD=0.79%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 30% labelled weight. CONCLUSION:The method is simple,reliable,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of Xuesaitong Granules.

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted O-glycosylated phosphoprotein that exists in a variety of tissues and body fluids, with a variety of biological activity. Integrin α_vβ_3 is the main receptor. OPN mainly involves in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and adhesion. The study of OPN at home and abroad mainly focuses on the bone resorption, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, digestive system, urinary system, wound healing, skin fibrosis, liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, etc.But reports about OPN in pulmonary fibrosis are much less, now the relationships between OPN and pulmonary fibrosis are reviewed.

Objective To construct Four in One informational teaching model based on cloud platforms, simulation training, nursing micro-lectures and multidimensional evaluation investigate, and to explore the effect of theFour in Oneinformational teaching model applied in Medical Nursing teaching. Methods Two classes students of 2014 were selected by randomized sampling and were divided into experiment group and control group, the experiment group operated the Four in One informational teaching mod, the control group operated regular teaching. After the experiment,using the medical nursing theory test, the skill test, the questionnaire survey to evaluate the teaching effectiveness. Results The theoretical examination score, skill examination score and overall results of experiment group were (78.81±6.44), (82.01±5.22), (80.41±6.32) points, while (71.12±8.12), (76.74±6.3), (75.57±5.51) points of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.47, 4.86, 3.22, P<0.01 or 0.05). The students' interested in the informational teaching model of the experimental group reached 78.72%(37/47) and learning satisfaction reached 91.48% (43/47). Conclusions The Four in One informational teaching model applied in Medical Nursing teaching can improve the study effect .

Objective To evaluate of the clinical effect of triple arthrodesis and bone grafting combined with plat screw internal fixation for treatment of necrosis of talus. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with necrosis of talus who were treated by triple arthrodesis and bone grafting combined with plat screw internal fixation from April 2011 to January 2015 in Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South Univer-sity were retrospectively analyzed. And the clinical effect were measured by AOFAS Ankle Hind-foot Scale System. Results The 24 patients were followed up for 26 months averagely (12~36 months). According to AOFAS Ankle Hind-foot Scale System, there were 4 cases of mod-erate and 20 cases of bad before treatment, and there were 18 cases of excellent, 4 cases of good, and 2 cases of moderate after the treat-ment. Conclusion It can achieve good clinical results in treatment of necrosis of talus through triple arthrodesis and bone grafting combined with plat screw internal fixation.

OBJECTIVE To survey the distribution of the pathogenic microorganisms in biles collected from cholelithiasis patients and their susceptibility to antibiotics,to guide the selection of reasonable antibiotics.METHODS Totally 546 bile samples were cultured and tested for antibiotics susceptibility.RESULTS Bacteria were cultured from 332 samples with a positive rate of 60.81%,the first three were Escherichia coli(32.96%),Enterococcus faecalis(12.74%),and Klebsiella pneumoniae(9.97%).The pathogenic microorganisms were more sensitive to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins,antibiotic/?lactamase inhibitor combination,carbopenems and aminoglycosides antibiotics,while less sensitive to the first and second generation cephalosporins,penicillins,macrolide antibiotics and fluoroquinolones.CONCLUSIONS The pathogenic microorganisms in bile are very various,E.coli,E.faecalis and K.pneumoniae are usually cultured,fungous and anaerobic infections cannot be ignored.Doctors should pay more attention to analyze the bacterial resistance profile and use the antibiotics properly.

Objective To test the possibility that the thoracic defomity is a risk factor of the diopathic pneumothorax in youth by making a statistical analysis of the thoracic sagittal diameter and transverse diameter ratio in patients and normal people. To study the correlation between this ratio and age of the patients. Methods 107 cases of idiopathic pneumothorax were taken as subjects and other 105 cases in' the same period with normal pneumothorax were used as the control group. T-test,correlation study and scottered spot maps were made based on the ratio of vertical and horizontal diameters,the mean and the age. Results The mean thorax aspect ration( MTAR) of the patients with spontaneous pneumothorax was 0.38, and MTAR in normal people was 0.44, indicating a statistical significance ( P < 0.01) of the difference of MTAR between the two groups. The age of the patients' first onset age and the ratio of vertical and horizontal diameter was positively correlated. Conclusion Thoracic deformity of idiopathic pneumothorax had a higher incidence in young people,and there was a positive correlation between of the age of their first onset and the ratio of vertical and horizontal tracks.