Three strategies for nephrologists are to recognize the signs of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease ( CKD),to identify and treat risk factors of progression of CKD and to cure or slow-down the progress of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The idea of individual therapies obtaining optimal clinical results in tumor treatment urged people to find and apply biomarkers for personalized diagnosis of the risk factors of CKD susceptibility and progression,which provide a rationale for pursuing personalized medicine.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:784-789)

0.05. The reference range of seum TIBC( ?1.96s) was 51.3-76.3?mol/L(70 cases).Conclusion The method was stable,simple, sensitive, rapid and accurate, and suitable for the routine manul and automatic analysis of total iron-binding capacity in serum.

al blood lactic acid monitoring is simple, easy and practical to use in predicting prognosis of ICU patients sensitively.

To guarantee the basic quality of nursing service, many countries have carried out the licensure examinations for registered nurses, which are used not only to evaluate the quality of nursing education but also to guide the development of education. This paper reviewed the process of the establishment of the systems, and outlined the features of the examinations in content design, organization and implementation, improvement and development trends in both China and America in order to improve ours.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of childhood intracranial tumor.Methods The age and sex distribution,location of tumor,clinical manifestation,imaging examination and pathological examination,diagnosis and treatment of 98 children under 14 years old admitted into Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jun.2003 to Sep.2008 were analyzed.Results There were 63 male and 35 female in the study.The gender ratio(male to female) was 1.8:1.The age range was 4 months to 14 years old,75 cases(76.5%) visited a doctor in the course of disease from 1 to 90 days.The tumors of 60 cases(61.2%) were located in posterior cranial fossa,while 14 cases(14.3%) in cerebral hemisphere.The most common intracranial tumors were medulloblastom(30 cases,30.6%),astrocytic tumor(26 cases,26.5%),ependymal tumor(17 cases,17.3%),craniopharyngioma(10 cases,10.2%) and germ cell tumor(4 cases,4.1%).The main clinical manifestations were vomiting(61 cases,62.2%),headache(58 cases,59.2%),instability of gait or incoordination(38 cases,38.8%),29 cases(29.6%) of the tumors were misdiagnosed.Obstructive hydrencephalus was found in 78 cases(79.6%) by imaging examination,positive rate of tumor′s diagnosis was 95.9% and 100% by brain CT and MRI scaning,respectively.Conclusions Intracranial tumors in childhood are mostly located in posterior cranial fossa with atypical clinical manifestations and short course of diseases.It is common to be misdiagnosed at early stage.Brain CT and MRI examinations are helpful for early diagnosis,which should be considered for the children when unreasonable increased intracranial pressure and localizing neurological sings exist.

To establish a set of perfect teaching quality management system in laboratory medicine based on ISO 9000 standard and teaching reality in laboratory medicine will be helpful to the improvement of teaching quality and management ability and sustainable development of laboratory medicine.

Objective To evaluate the serum rocalcitonin(PCT) determination in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever . Methods 120emergencypatientswithfeverwereenrolledinthestudy,whoseserumsamplesweretestedbyusingelectrochemilu‐minescence immunoassay for PCT concentrations ,at the same time white blood cells(WBC) count and C reactive protein(CRP) were also determined .Bacterial culture results were used as gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infection .WBC>10 .0 × 109/L,CRP>10mg/L,PCT>0.5μg/Lwerethejudgmentcriteriafortheevaluationofthoseindicators.Results 73casesofpatients′bacteria culture results were positive ,47 patients′bacteria culture results were negative;63 cases of patients were with PCT ,WBC and CRP levels elevated at the same time;2 patients′WBC count elevated ,while PCT and CRP concentrations did not ;6 patients′serum PCT concentrations increased ,while WBC and CRP levels didn′t ;4 patients′serum PCT and CRP concentration increased , while WBC count didn′t ;35 patients′PCT ,WBC and CRP kept at low levels .Conclusion Serum PCT concentration could be used as an auxiliary diagnosis indicator in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever .

Objective Laboratory animal practitionres need further management through technical and capacity training.Methods Relying on the Laboratory Animal Center of University and its highly qualified faculty, a high-quality training base for laboratory animal practitioners has been set up.Results Based on the relevant laws and regulations about experimental animals, appropriate training outlines, different training books and courses were prepared and organized for different trainees.Focusing on the detailed and exact experiments, training base has put emphasis on the practical ability and operational skills.Conclusions How to regulate the training for laboratory animal practitioner by means of base training is discussed and tried out in this paper.

Objective To review recent studies on the research advance of the relationship between RET proto-oncogene and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Methods The literatures in recent years on the structure of RET gene and coding product,cell signal transduction,relationship between RET proto-oncogene and differentiated thyroid carcinoma were reviewed.Results RET gene encoding tyrosine kinase receptor,involving in cell signal transduction,rearrangement of RET gene was frequently seen in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Conclusion Rearrangement of RET gene was closely correlated with the occurrence and progress of differentiated thyroid carcinoma,RET gene may be considered as a new therapeutic target for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Clinical surgical teaching is an important course of undergraduate teaching.Aiming at the problem of disconnection between operation and case in traditional video teaching and observing teaching in operation room,a new model of live surgery teaching based on case teaching was launched:intraoperative diagnosis and preoperative medical history collection were combined;intraoperative surgical anatomy and similar comparative study;teaching surgery were combined with pathology and postoperative adjuvant therapy.Through the questionnaire it was found that all of the students were satisfied with live surgery teaching,96.5％ of the students believed the model would contribute to their understanding of textbook knowledge and memory,and 94.8％ of the students thought the model could improve their interest in clinical learning.