Objective:To investigate the current status of periodontal diseases in the population at the age of 12,35~44 and 65~74 years in Chongqing,to provide information for the establishment of oral health care policies in Chongqing. Methods:A stratified equal-sized randomly sampling design was applied to obtain 751 objects aged at 12 years old,723 objects aged at 35~44 years old and 722 objects aged at 65~74 years old of three cities and three rural areas in Chongqing. The status of gingival bleeding,dental calculus,periodontal pocket and loss of attachment were assessed according to "The Guidline for the Third National Oral Health Survey" by using a CPI prode.The detection rates were calculated and were compared in aspect of area and gender. Results:In the group aged 12,the detection rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus were 79.49% and 86.68% respectively and the detection rates of dental calculus in rural areas were higher than that of urban residents(P

Objective:To explore the significance of ethical issues in emergency medicine.Method:Literature review combined with specific features of emergency department in author's hospital is employed to explore the ethical issues in current emergency medicine,and the necessity to emphasize ethical issues.Related countermeasures are also come up with according to a small sample investigation among emergency residents in author's hospital.Result:Due to the unique characteristics of emergency medicine,there are specific ethical issues arising in emergency department.Conclusion:Enough emphasis should be attached to the reasons for ethical issues in emergency medicine.Relevant regulations and patients triage should be improved in emergency medical treatment.It is also called for to value patients' legal rights,strengthen physician-patient communication,and protect patients' life safety after emergency treatment.Meanwhile,it is also significant to relieve emergency doctors' stress at work,and strengthen sustainable on-job training and team-work of emergency doctors.

Chronic constipation (CC) is one of the most common digestive diseases with high prevalence and long course.CC patients often suffer from sleep disorders and psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.Somatic and mental symptoms may affect with each other, so a vicious circle will develop to impair patients′ quality of life (QOL) and increase their economic burden.The article reviews the impact of chronic constipation on QOL and economic burden of patients, indicating that clinician should pay sufficient attentions on chronic constipation.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of patient-controlled epidural analgesia and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in postoperative analgesia after spinal fusion. Methods: The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, Pubmed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane library databases were searched by computer. The randomized controlled trails with patient-controlled epidural analgesia or patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after spinal fusion published from May 1985 to July 2013 were selected. All of them were assessed by the standard of Cochrane systematic review. Data of postoperative VAS and the rate of side effects after using the analgesic drugs were extracted into an electrical sheet, which was synthesized by a Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.2 software. Re-sult: Eight randomized controlled trails involving 482 patients met the inclusion criteria. And the quality grade of 3 literatures was A, 5 literatures was B. The result of meta-analysis showed that: ①Visual analogue score(VAS). The postoperative first day′s VAS[WMD=-0.47, 95%CI(-0.74, -0.20)], second day′s VAS[WMD=-0.66, 95%CI(-1.14, -0.19)] showed that the patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a good analgesic effect compared with the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). No dif-ference in the postoperative third day′s VAS[WMD=-0.58, 95%CI(-1.38, 0.21)] was observed between the two methods, and no statistic difference(P>0.05); ②The side effects. The patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a higher incidence of skin itch[RR=1.53, 95%CI(1.08, 2.16)], paresthesia[RR=3.34, 95%CI(1.12, 9.98)] after surgery than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). While two groups had no a significant deviation about nausea [RR=1.05, 95%CI (0.79, 1.40)], vomiting [RR=0.80, 95%CI (0.48, 1.31)], and no statistic difference(P>0.05). Conclusions: The patient-controlled epidural analgesia has better analgesic effects on the postoperative first and second day after spinal fusion, but obviously has a high-er incidence of skin itch and paresthesia than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.

Background and purpose:Actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 (ARPC5) is involved in the packaging of actin, and then affects the mobility of cells. It plays an important role in the formation of invadopodia of cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ARPC5 gene-silence on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of lung squamous carcinoma cell line SK-MES-1. Methods:Under the induction of LipofectamineTM RNAiMAX, the recombinant of si-ARPC5 was transfected into SK-MES-1. The experiment set up 3 groups:blank (mock) group, negative control (NC) group and si-ARPC5 transfected group. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays were investigated by cell counting kit(CCK-8) method, scratch assay and Transwell Chambers respectively. Results:The result of qRT-PCR and Western blot displayed downregulation of ARPC5 in mRNA and protein level of SK-MES-1 cell. Proliferation rate of SK-MES-1 cells in 72 h after si-ARPC5 transfection was lower than those in mock and NC groups (t=7.993, t=8.681, P<0.05). Compared to the mock and NC groups, the scratch repairing rate of the si-ARPC5 group was lower [(43.32±0.23)%vs (73.11±0.43)%and (76.58±0.88)%] (t=7.348, t=10.614, P<0.05);And the number of penetrating the membrane was signiifcantly reduced [(27±6) vs (101±11) and (92±9)] (t=10.229, t=8.391,P<0.05). Conclusion:Downregulation of ARPC5 gene can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SK-MES-1 cell.

Objective: To imrove the current situation that disinfection is inconvenient and ineffective when infant incubators are used. Methods: To make some improvements without changing the structure and performance of existing infant incubators. Results: Built-in disinfection device is designed to overcome the difficult operation, poor effect and inconvenience in use. Conclusion:It has been awarded“the state utility model”for its safety and convenience (patent no:ZL200520117573.9).

Antithyroid drugs(ATD)is the main treatment for hyperthyroidism and its adverse reactions have been much concerned by physicians. Methimazole(MMI)and propylthiouracil(PTU)are the two common antitithyroid drugs used currently. Generally, the ATD are safe and effective, though their clinical adverse reactions are also relatively common. The toxic effects include liver damage and leukocytopenia, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated pulmonary small-vessel vasculitis, hypoglycemia, allergic reactions, muscle impairment,and so on. They are usually reversible and disappear spontaneously when the drug is discontinued. However,the serious rare side effects can also occur and there may have potentially deadly threatening effects which need to be cautious for the clinicians. MMI is usually preferred over PTU because it has significantly fewer side effects. And unlike the dose-dependent side effects of MMI, there has no significant correlation between adverse reaction and drug dosage in using PTU. Moreover, PTU has more severe hepatotoxity than MMI, even fatal liver impairment and liver failure. The risk of liver damage from PTU is an important concern, particularly in children. For this reason, MMI is the first choice for treating children with hyperthyroidism.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of aclacinomycin A polylactide lyophilized nanopartical (ACM-A-PLA-NP) in plasma of rabbit.METHODS:HPLC was selected to determine the concentration of aclacinomycin A in plasma after a single dose of ACM-A-PLA-NP and lyophilized ACM-A.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of these two dosage forms were obtained by 3p87.CONCLUSION:The lyophilized ACM-A-PLA-NP has a more sustained release character comparing with the lyophilized ACM-A.

Functional dyspepsia(FD)is a commonly seen gastrointestinal disease. Dyspepsia symptom scale and quality of life questionnaire are two objective approaches for evaluating the efficacy of intervention measures on FD. This article reviewed the advances in study on evaluation of FD by dyspepsia symptom scale and quality of life questionnaire.

AIM: To establish the co-culture mode of tissue-engineered tracheal seeding cells, and compare with the routine culture, so as to provide the fundament of tissue-engineered trachea construction by cell compound materials. METHODS: The experiment was completed at the laboratory, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from May 2006 to May 2007.①Three healthy New Zealand male rabbits, weighed (250.00?0.75) g, were used in this study.②Co-culture mode: The tracheal epithelial cells and fibroblasts were isolated and then co-cultured for 7-10 days. The two kinds of cells were distinguished according to their different tolerances to trypsin. Subsequently, A hole received 0.5 g/L trypsinization, cells were suspended in DMEM medium containing 0.05 volume fraction of CO2 and then transplanted into B hole (fibroblasts); again, A hole was added with 2.5 g/L trypsin for digestion, afterwards cells were suspended with K-FSM medium and transplanted into C hole (tracheal epithelial cells). Routine culture: after isolation, tracheal epithelial cells were cultured and fibroblasts were purified, respectively.③The co-cultured cells and the traditionally cultured cells were compared via cell growth curve and cell proliferation detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: ①Cell growth: Co-cultured cells grew well, those in A hole increased intercellular apace after trypsinization, while cells in B hole were shaped as fusiform, without the manifestation of typical road stone-like cells, and cells in C hole were apposite, showing lamellar road stone-like morphology.②Cell growth curve: The growth curve of co-cultured cells was identical with that of cells by routine culture method.③Cell proliferation: MTT detection revealed no significant difference in the proliferation of co-cultured cells and cells cultured by traditional method (P