There is a significance of pregnancy thyroid hormone reference ranges establishment,because the consequences of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy are terrible.This review will focus on meaning of pregnancy thyroid hormone reference range,importance of TPO antibody testing and current advances of methodology.

Objective To observe the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and the reletionship with clinic-pathologic parameters.Methods Immunohistochemistry of tissue sections was used to study the expression of EGFR and VEGF in 124 NSCLC tissues and 15 normal lung tissues adjacent to cancer tissues.Results The positive rates of EGFR and VEGF in 124 NSCLC samples were 52.4％,66.1％,while no expressed in the 15 normal lung tissues adjacent to cancer tissues.The positive rate of VEGF with stage Ⅲ was higher than that with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ ( 80.4％ vs 56.2％,P ＜0.05).The positive rate of VEGF with lymph node metastasis was higher than that without lymph node metastasis (78,2％ vs 53.3％,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of VEGF and EGFR had no relationship with clinic pathological factors including histological type of lung cancer,sex,age.EGFR and VEGF expression was statistically correlated with each other( r =0.93,P ＜0.05 ).Conclusion EGFR and VEGF were overexpressed in NSCLC tissues.The expression of VEGF was correlated with TNM stages and lymph node metastasis.The expression of EGFR was correlated with VEGF expression in NSCLC tissues,which indicates they might act synergistically in angiogenesis of NSCLC.

Microbubble contrast agents for ultrasound (US) have been developed and clinically applied in recent years. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been widely used in the imaging of liver and other organs such as kidney, pancreases, spleen, prostate, ovarian, uterus as well as abdominal trauma, showing promising values in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various diseases. This article reviews the recent development and future protential clinical applications of CEUS.
Contrast Media ; administration & dosage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Microbubbles ; Ultrasonography ; methods

Objective To investigate the biological effect of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) on inducing myofibroblast formation in hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling.Methods Forty male Wistar rats were exposed to hypoxia for 0,3,7,14 or 21 days.Mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP),vessel morphometry,right ventricle hypertrophy index(RVHI) were measured.Immunocytochemistry was used to measure the expression of ?-Smooth-muscle actin(?-SMA) and TGF-?1 in pulmonary artery walls and in situ hybridization was used to measure the expression of TGF-?1 mRNA in pulmonary artery walls.Ultrastructure alveolar wall vessels were observed by electron microscopy.Human embryonic lung fibroblasts(KMB17) phenotype after induction of hypoxiaand TGF-?1 were recorded through cell culture.Results(1) mPAP increased significantly after 7-day of hypoxia(P

Objective To assess long term results (more than 5 year) after percutaneous balloon mitral valruloplasty (PBMV) on mitral stenosis (MS) with severe pulmonary hypertension. Methods Thirty patients after PBMV underwent critical evaluations including echocardiography, chest film and clinical status throughout the follow up period (6.4?1.4 years). Results Before and after PBMV and at follow up, mean mitral valve areas were (1.19?0.32) cm 2 vs (1.99?0.45) cm 2 vs (1.44?0.42)cm 2 respectively ( P

Objective To investigate the expression pattern of Placental growth factor (PlGF) and regulatory effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6)on PlGF expression in the primary cultured trophoblast cells. Methods Cytotrophoblast cells werecollected by trypsin-collagenase digestion and Percoll gradient centrifugation for primary culture. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were resorted to demonstrate the expression pattern of PlGF mRNA in trophoblast cells cultured in vitro. The effects of IL-6 with different concentration(100,10,1 and 0.1 ?g/L) and duration (6,12,24 and 48 h) on PlGF expression were observed. Results The 185 bp and 248 bp bands of PlGF were showed by RT-PCR. PlGF expression correlated with IL-6. PlGF began to increase at 6 h, and reached the climax at 12 h when recultured with 100 ?g/L IL-6. Conclusions PlGF expression has time and dose dependance on IL-6. It may play an important role in early pregnancy.

Objective To explore the influence of proteasome inhibitor, MG-132 (N-benz0y1oxycarbonyl(Z)-Leu-Leuleucina1) on the expressions of carboxyl terminus of the Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in ischemia reperfusion (I/R) rats and investigate the underlying mechanism of myocardial protection by the inhibitor. Methods Totally 54 adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, sham group (n=6), I/R group (n=24) and treatment group (I/R+T, n=24). The later 2 groups were further equally divided into 3 subgroups according different time of reperfusion. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligated for 30 min and then released for 2 h or 24 h or 7 d in different subgroups. Five minutes before reperfusion, MG-132 at dose of 0.75 mg/kg was given intravenously in I/R+T group,but I/R group and sham group were given the same volume of normal saline. The levels of CHIP and HSP70 at mRNA and protein level were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The correlation between CHIP and HSP70 expression was analyzed. Results Compared with I/R groups, the mRNA levels of CHIP and HSP70 were significantly increased in I/R+T groups (P

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone on cancellous bone of ovariectomized rats with remarkable bone loss. Methods Six-month old Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were used to receive low, middle and high doses of recombinant human growth hormone three months after ovariectomy. Bone mineral density and bone histomorphormetry were used to study the alteration of cancellous bone of lumbar vertebrae. Results Recombinant human growth hormone significantly increased bone mineral density and improved the cancellous bone volume and trabecular bone architectures. Conclusion Recombinant human growth hormone can restore the bone loss in ovariectomized rats and improve the trabecular bone architectures. However, its effect is dose related.

In this paper the latest studies on the role of estrogen for the development of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women are reviewed.Estrogen can influence the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis through its interactions with the estrogen receptors,type Ⅱ collagen,cytokines and reactive oxygen species.While in the process of osteoporosis,estrogen can not only influence the estrogen receptors,cytokmes,reactive oxygen species,but also affect the sex hormone binding globulin and estrogen receptor-related receptor.

To investigate the feasibility of in vitro inducing differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into neural stem cells and mature neural cells, and to offer reference for the application of BMSCs in the field of neuroscience, BMSCs were acquired from the marrow of dogs. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), all trans retinoic acid (RA) and glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) etc were used as proliferation or differentiation factors. Immunocytochemistry was employed to identify the cells at every culture stage. When BMSCs were proliferatively cultured for 24～72h, cleavage phase and cluster like clones appeared. On the 3rd day, some of the BMSCs derived cells started to express neuron specific enolase (NSE) or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The same stage cells could be cloned, that is one of the characters of stem cells, when they were cultured in the proliferation medium. The neural cell modality like cells appeared on the 10th day after adding inducing factors into culture medium, which were proved by testing the express of NSE and GFAP. BMSCs can differentiate into neural stem cells and mature neural cells in vitro, and can be used as "seed cells" in the field of neuroscience.