AIM: To observe the effect of curcumin on the retinal structure and the expressions of interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-17(IL-17) in the rat retina after retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI).METHODS:A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NCG),model group(MG),low-dose curcumin group (LDCG) and high-dose curcumin group (HDCG) (n=15 per group).RIRI was generated by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline to the right eye.Rats in LDCG and HDCG received an intraperitoneal injection of 20mg/kg/d and 100mg/kg/d curcumin respectively,at 30min before RIRI and once daily after RIRI.Retinal structure and inflammation were evaluated after hematoxylin and eosin-stained (HE) staining.Western-blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure the level of IL-23 and IL-17 expressions after RIRI.RESULTS: The retinal structure of NCG was normal.Retinal edema,empty spaces or loosely packed cells and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in MG and LDCG groups,whereas the morphological changes in HDCG group were improved as compared to MG and LDCG groups.Western-blot assay and ELISA showed that IL-23 and IL-17 expressions increased significantly after RIRI (vs NCG,P<0.01).Moreover,curcumin reduced IL-23 and IL-17 expressions significantly (vs MG,P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Curcumin can inhibit leukocytes infiltration and improve the retinal pathologic changes.Furthermore,curcumin can reduce retinal IL-23 and IL-17 expressions significantly in a dose-dependent manner.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of patient-controlled epidural analgesia and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in postoperative analgesia after spinal fusion. Methods: The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, Pubmed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane library databases were searched by computer. The randomized controlled trails with patient-controlled epidural analgesia or patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after spinal fusion published from May 1985 to July 2013 were selected. All of them were assessed by the standard of Cochrane systematic review. Data of postoperative VAS and the rate of side effects after using the analgesic drugs were extracted into an electrical sheet, which was synthesized by a Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.2 software. Re-sult: Eight randomized controlled trails involving 482 patients met the inclusion criteria. And the quality grade of 3 literatures was A, 5 literatures was B. The result of meta-analysis showed that: ①Visual analogue score(VAS). The postoperative first day′s VAS[WMD=-0.47, 95%CI(-0.74, -0.20)], second day′s VAS[WMD=-0.66, 95%CI(-1.14, -0.19)] showed that the patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a good analgesic effect compared with the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). No dif-ference in the postoperative third day′s VAS[WMD=-0.58, 95%CI(-1.38, 0.21)] was observed between the two methods, and no statistic difference(P>0.05); ②The side effects. The patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a higher incidence of skin itch[RR=1.53, 95%CI(1.08, 2.16)], paresthesia[RR=3.34, 95%CI(1.12, 9.98)] after surgery than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). While two groups had no a significant deviation about nausea [RR=1.05, 95%CI (0.79, 1.40)], vomiting [RR=0.80, 95%CI (0.48, 1.31)], and no statistic difference(P>0.05). Conclusions: The patient-controlled epidural analgesia has better analgesic effects on the postoperative first and second day after spinal fusion, but obviously has a high-er incidence of skin itch and paresthesia than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.

PGD_2 and its signal transduction way play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, such as immune and allergic inflammatory responses.So more and more investigators pay attention to it.This paper reviews that PGD_2 and its recepors effect on the pathologic changes in asthma.

0.05).Conclusion The intervertebral fusion cage of n-HA/PA66 has good biocompatibility and osteo-conductibility.It may be the ideal interbody fusion cage.

Objective To investigate the influence on the proliferation of the precursor cells from the inner ear of SD rats by different ages and growth factors in vitro .Methods The organs of utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti were isolated from different days’ SD rats born on different days(P1 ,P7 ,P14 ,P21 ,P30 ,P60) .From 12 SD rats of different age ,with 24 ears ,precursor cells were dissociated and cultivated under non -adherent conditions as single cell .We then counted the number of cell spheres under inverted phase contrast microscope .The results were statisti-cally anayzed and the quantity change curve of the same organ in different age rats were described until the single cells were cultured for 7 days .The culture medium was supplemented with defferent growth factor to observe the effects of the grow th factor on the number of cell spheres .Immunofluorescence assays were conducted for phenotype characterization .Results ① Some newly isolated single cells ,labeled by nestin ,were from each inner ear organ of rats(P1) .During 7 days in culture ,cells kept proliferation and formed suspended spheres ,which were expressed Br-dU and nestin positive .② The cell spheres could only formed from each cochlear Corti of rats (P1 ,P7) .But cell spheres that formed from each utricle or saccule were observed in a single saccule culture medium of all rats (P1~P60) .③The number of cell spheres ,which were formed by the isolated cells from inner ear organs of single utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti ,increased obviously in the presence of EGF or bFGF or IGF -1 ,but were not obviously in LIF .Statistically significant differences were seen between control group and every experimental group including EGF group ,bFGF group ,IGF-1 group(P<0 .01) ,but were not seen between control group and LIF group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The highly proliferative cells were present in the vestibular organ (utricle or saccule) and cochle-ar Corti of SD rats .They could express the characterization of neural stem cell .As increase of the age ,the overall trend of proliferative capability is declining .Each of EGF and bFGF and IGF -1 possess the promoting effects for proliferation on the precursor cells alone ,which is not in present of LIF .

This study took herbal medicinePoria cocosas an example to establish a method to explore the potential function of herbal medicine. And then, the new function was identified through the systematic study. It was able to improve the application range of herbal medicine and the clinical therapeutic effects. The established database management system ofPu-Ji-Fanghad been used for the searching ofPoria cocosin the treatment of different diseases in order to receive the compound prescription containedPoria cocos in different diseases. Then, indications recorded in herbalism literatures through dynasties and thePharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China(Chinese Pharmacopoeia) were compared. Through statistical analysis and logical judgment, as well as the combination of modern pharmacological research results and clinical therapeutic evaluations, the overall understanding on conventional and potential functions ofPoria cocos were received. The results showed that the functions ofPoria cocos summarized through dynasties contained alleviating thirst, eliminating phlegm, enhancing memory, astringent, relieving cough and vomiting, invigorating blood circulation, promoting appetite and securing fetus, as well as treatment of deficiency, vomiting, stroke, diabetes, cough, cold damage syndrome, convulsion and other syndrome, were not recorded in theChinese Pharmacopoeia. It was concluded that tonifying kidney, relieving cough and phlegm, relieving vomiting, alleviating thirst, expelling wind, relieving convulsion and securing fetus were the potential function ofPoria cocos, which should arouse the attention from the academic community.

Objective Explore the effect lactobacillus on allergic rhinitis (AR) rat serum Il-4 ,Il-5 ,IFN-γ concentration and the influence of immune markers .Methods SD rat 60 were randomly divided into 4 groups ,each group of 10 only .Lactic acid bacteria group every day with lactobacillus living bacterium preparations irrigation stomach 3 weeks ,establish rats LuanBai protein sensitiza-tion model ,positive drug control group irrigation stomach loratadine ;Another 20 rats used for passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) ,inspection in the rat model preparation and treatment .Determination test group rats serum IL-4 ,IL-5 ,IFN-γ,the content of Eos in nasal secretion was detection .Results Model group IL-4 ,IL-5 content was significantly higher than normal control group (P<0 .05) ,IFN-γlevels were low ,lower than the normal control group(P<0 .05) .Lactic acid bacteria group IL-4 ,IL-5 content were significantly lower than the model group(P<0 .05) ,IFN-γcontent increased ,higher than the model group(P<0 .05) .The in-dex of lactobacillus group with positive drug compared difference was statistically significant .Conclusion Lactic acid bacteria can cut AR rats serum IL-4 ,IL-5 level ,increase IFN-γlevel ,adjust Th1/Th2 lymphocyte subsets balance ,reduce nasal mucosa allergic inflammation .

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous and immature myeloid-derived cells,which accumulate largely in blood,lymphoid organs,spleen and tumor tissue and so on under the different pathogenic conditions such as infection,trauma,hematosepsis,especially tumor and so on.MDSCs can suppress tumor immune through many mechanisms.The number of MDSCs in periphery blood of patients is closely related with tumor stage,tumor burden,remote metastasis and prognosis.The major results are from laboratory mice.Because of the complexity of MDSCs in patients with tumor,there are many difficulties and debate on the research of them,and the researches of human MDSCs progress slowly.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) was a common complica-tion of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recent studies have suggested that the origin of this disease is related to seceration of tumor cells and application of medecine. The inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion can lead to disturbance of metabolism of water and sodium, resulting in hyponatremia. Because the symp-toms are atypical, the diagnosis is difficult. Many cases are misdiagnosed or misseddiagnosed. The primary tumor must be treated and the restriction of water intake is the main and effective method to deal with SIADH. Prognosis of SCLC patients with SIADH is poor in most reports.

ObjectiveTo discuss the application of medical elastic stockings in nursing of patients with deep venous thrombosis formation. Methods62 patients diagnosed as acute lower limbs deep ve-nous thrombosis from January, 2005 to January, 2008 were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control groups with 31 patients in each group, the control group took general nursing measures, the experimental group used the medical elastic stockings based on the general care measures, The inci-dence of post- thrombosis syndrome was observed in two groups and underwent χ2 test. ResultsAfter two years follow- up, 2 patients relapsed and 3 patients appeared post- thrombosis syndrome in the experimental group, 8 patients relapsed and 10 patients had post-thrombosis syndrome in the control group. The relapse rate and incidence rate of peat-thrombosis syndrome in the control group were higher than those of the experimental group. ConclusionsThe use of medical elastic stockings can prevent acute lower limbs deep venous throm-bosis, and can reduce the symptoms of post-thrombosis syndrome, which deserves to be spread widely.