A clinically isolated syndrome(CIS) is a term that describes a first clinical episode in which a patient has symptoms and signs suggestive of an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system.And it often affects optic nerves,the brainstem,or the spinal cord,and 30％-70％ of the CIS patients may develop multiple sclerosis(MS).Disease-modifying treatments may delay the development from CIS to MS.Their use in CIS is limited because of uncertain long-term clinical prognosis,treatment benefits and adverse effects.This article reviews the advances of predictive markers of conversion to MS after a CIS,in order to provide the reference for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the screening of the Antarctic bacteria producing the extracellular polysaccharides(EPS),identification of the bacterium S-15-13 producing higher EPS by 16SrDNA,and the effects of the extracellular polysaccharide(EPSⅠ)on the cellular immune response in mice. Methods The Antarctic bacteria producing extracellular polysaccharide were screened by microscope observation and staining method;the phylogenetic position of S-15-13 was determined on the basis of amplification,comparison and analysis of almost complete 16S rDNA sequence and the effect of its extracellular polysaccharide on proliferation of murine lymphocytes was determined by method of Heek.Results and Conclusion Out of 57 strains of the Antarctic bacteria,27 strains were found to produce EPS according to the staining technique.The result of 16SrDNA demonstrated that strain S-15-13 belong to the genus Pseudoalteromonas sp.The purified fractionⅠ(EPSⅠ) produced by the bacterial strain S-15-13 obviously promoted proliferation of lymphocytes when used alone or with(Con A.)

Objective:To explore the molecular biological base of internal protective response in premature brain which reduces the process of apoptosis and necrosis of neurons.Methods:Megimide was injected in healthy adult and baby rats(ARs & BRs) respectively to evoke prolonged seizures and status epilepticus(SE).ARs and BRs rats were sacrificed at 1,2,4,12,24,48,72 hours and 7 days after prolonged seizure stopped.Hippocampus,dentate gyrus and parietal cortex of their brain were taken for immunocytochemistry studies for apoptosis associated genes bcl-2 and P53 expression.Results:(1) There was a much stronger and higher rate(90%) of P53 expression in ARs' brain,and such state continually kept even at 72h after seizure stopped;however bcl-2 expression was weak and low(57%),and no difference was found in bcl-2 expression only several hours compared with normal control.(2) In BRs' brain there was more than 85% neurons within a strongest expression of bcl-2;and the strongest bcl-2 expression sustained in 72h after SE,however P53 expression lasted less than 24h.Conclusion:Significant difference between premature and mature brain is shown on the genes' expression associated apoptosis after seizure.Anti apoptosis gene(bcl-2) expression is much higher and longer than apoptosis gene(P53) in BRs' brain,and it is reversed in ARs group.So the strongest expression of bcl-2 after SE could be the important molecular biological basis for the special resistance to neuron injury in premature brain.

Objective To establish spectrophotometrys for control the quality of fumigation preparation.Methods Two spectrophotometrys were used. 95% ethanol solutions of 5 preparations were detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV), and chloroform solutions of the preparations were detected by Fourier Transform Infrareds Spectroscopy(FIIR). Results The UV and IR spectra of the solutions were of high similarity respectively,and the absorbance peaks of spectra had the characteristic fingerprint. Conclusion Two spectrophotometrys were all simple,accurate,sensitive,which could be used for the quality control of fumigation preparation.

Twelve cases of adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia were retrospectively reviewed.All cases had physical signs and biochemical evidence of Cushing syndrome. Urinary free cortisone(UFC)levels were not suppressed by high dose and low dose dexanethasone suppression tests,and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were low in all patients.CT scan showed bilateral enlarged adrenal glands in all cases,and histopathologic examination confirmed bilateral adrenal macronodular hyperplasia. The follow-up revealed that 4 patients had a normal blood pressure 8y after bilateral adrenalectomy. In 8 cases the blood pressure was rebound 3y after single side adrenalectomy,6 of whom had medical treatment; 2 of whom had contralateral adrenalectomy and the blood pressure returned to normal afterwards.There was no Nelson syndrome in all cases.

Objective To introduce transforming growth factor ?(TGF ?) and the relationship between TGF ? and graft rejection. Methods Relevent articles in recent years were reviewed.Results The immunodepressive function of TGF ? could resist transplant organ rejection injury in early postoperative period ; meanwhile TGF ? also caused fibroblast migration and promoted matrix deposition by increasing collagen production and decreasing collagen breakdown via inhibition of collagenases,which resulted in transplant organ fibrosis and arteriosclerosis, gene polymorphisms of the TGF ? were associated with it. Moreover,ischemia reperfusion injury and immunodepressive drug also affected production of TGF ?.Conclusion TGF ? as a pleiotropic and multifunctional cytokine contributes to the development of acute and chronic rejection.

Objective:To investigate the potential genes associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) progression through mi-croarray expression profiling data analysis and bioinformatics approaches. Methods:mRNA expression microarray data related to CIN progression were screened from GEO database for the first time. They were re-analyzed by bioinformatics analysis. Results: Two mRNA expression microarray datasets were obtained from the GEO database. Pathway enrichment analysis of the common differen-tially expressed genes identified 3 signaling pathways associated with CIN progression, including Wnt, Endocytosis, and Vibrio cholerae infection. Fourteen differentially expressed genes were also identified. Biological annotation and text mining showed that 3 genes were directly related to CIN progression, and 9 other genes were associated with tumor progression and recurrence. GeneMania tool analysis demonstrated the protein interaction network formed between all the differentially expressed genes and the 24 reported genes. CCND2 and TGFBR2 formed direct interaction with many reported genes. Conclusion:Three signaling pathways and 14 differen-tially expressed genes were associated with CIN progression, as indicated by microarray data analysis results.

Adenolymphoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Parotid Gland ; pathology ; Parotid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms ; pathology

Excellent teaching team is basic guarantee of top-quality course construction. In order to improve the teaching team construction in dermatology,a lot of work has been done on the team construction,professional degree of medicine,quality construction,etc. As a results,the quality of dermatology teaching team has been greatly improved in the Department of Dermatology of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,which is the basis for the following top-quality course construction.

objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH).Methods Twelve cases with hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia from January 2003 to December 2006 in our hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results Three cases had epigastric discomfort(25%),5 cases with elevated ALT(41.67%),3 cases with elevated AST(25%),2 cases with elevated AFP(16.67%),one patient was of positive HBsAg(8.33%).The rate of preoperative correct diagnosis made by ultrasound,CT and MRI was 0,20%and 25%respectively,there was no significant difference between CT and MRI.Final diagnosis was established by stlrgical resection and pathology in 11 cases and by needle biopsy in one case.All cases recovered and were followed-up with an average of 28 months.No recurrence was found in cases undergoing surgical resection. Conclusion The rate of correct preoperative diagnosis for FNH is low,definite diagnosis depends on pathologic examination.The prognosis is good,however,most patients in this series underwent resection because of possible malignancy especially in eases of cirrhotics.