Objective To culture preadipocytes in vitro and to study the cell compatibility of PLGA scaffolds,collagen scarfolds and hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds and tO choose the optimal seeding method.Methods The preadipocytes from human abdominal adipose tissue were isolated and cultured in enzyme-digesting method.The generation of human preadipocytes was planted on PLGA scaffolds,collagen scaffolds and hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds.and the cell compatibility was observed by MTT method.The seeding efficiency of human preadipocytes on scaffolds.human preadipocytes were seeded to hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds by static culture and stirred culture.Results Compared compatibility of preadipocyte with three different scaffolds,there was great difference between hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds and PLGA scaffolds.Difference also existed between hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds and collagen scaffolds that were different from PLGA scaffolds.Among them,hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds was the best.Conclusion Hyaluronic acid iS a better scaffolds material for adipose tissue engineering compared with PLGA and collagen.The seeding efficiency of stirred culture is higher than static culture,which is an optimal method for cell seeding tO 3-D scaffolds.

Objective To investigate the accuracy and utility of preoperative CTA in the anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) transplantation.MethodsPreoperative CTA was performed in 15 consecutive patients,who underwent the ALTPF transplantation. The suitable perforators were found through measuring and estimating the perforator parameters including size,course and origin location by reviewing preoperative angiogram.These parameters were compared with the actual intraoperative findings.ResultsOne patient was transferred to abdominal flap transplantation,because no perforator could be found by both CTA and intraoperative observation.In 14 patients,the sizes and origin locations ( perpendicular and horizontal length from the origin of the perforator to both patella and lateral of thigh) of all selected perforators on CTA were no significantly different from the operative findings( P ＞ 0.05 ),and the types were consistent with the operative findings.The rate of septocutaneous perforator was 28.6％ (4/14),and the rate of musculocutaneous perforator was 71.4％ (10/14).The utilization rate of perforator flap was 93.3％ ( 14/15),and the accuracy of preoperative CTA was 100％.All of these ALTP flaps survived,and there was no donor site morbidity. Conclusions Preoperative mapping using CTA provides fairly accurate information about the size,type (course) and location of the perforators.Preoperative CTA in the ALTPF transplantation is an accurate and useful method and leads to safer and successful operation with optimal outcome.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of HMME-SDT therapy for the treatment of hypertrophic scar (HS) of rabbit ear.Methods 60 white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups.The model group and HMME-SDT treatment group were used to establish the models of hypertrophic scar in ears.Results The effect of HMME-SDT on the fibroblastic density in the hypertrophic scarring models was observed in rabbit ears.The HMME-SDT could lower the fibroblastic density,compared with the model group,with significant difference (P＜ 0.05).The effect of HMME-SDT on the collagen area density was noted in the hypertrophic scarring models in rabbit ears.The HMME-SDT could lower the collagen area density,compared with the model group,with significant difference from the fourth week of the epithelialization (P＜0.01).Conclusions HMME is an effective sonosensitizer.HMME-SDT can significantly inhibit hypertrophic scar of rabbit ear.

BACKGROUND: Absorbable material is a hotspot in orthopedics, which is biodegradable, avoids fixation residues and second surgical trauma compared with the traditional internal fixation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of K-wires, screws and absorbable rods for the internal fixation of Mason II-III radial head fractures.METHODS: Totally 45 patients with Mason Ⅱ-Ⅲ radial head fractures were collected from January 2010 to December 2015 admited in Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital and Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and were then divided into three groups (n=15 per group), followed by implanted with K-wires (group A), screws (group B)and absorbable rods (group C), respectively. The baseline data, operation time, blood loss, healing time, Mayo and Broberg-Morrey scores were compared among groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no significant differences in the baseline data, operation time, blood loss,and healing time among groups (P > 0.05). (2) The Mayo scores in the groups A, B, and C were (88.45±6.22),(92.37±5.60), and (90.82±6.58), respectively; the Broberg-Morrey scores in the groups A, B, and C group were ((90.82±6.83), (93.05±6.54), and (91.68±7.15), respectively; all above scores showed no significant differences among groups (P > 0.05). (4) The total incidence rate of complications in the groups A, B, and C was 20％ (2/15), 13％ (2/15),and 7％ (1/15) respectively, showing no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). (4) These results indicate that the absorbable rods can obtain satisfactory treatment outcomes for Mason II-III radial head fractures, which is equivalent to the traditional internal fixation. Moreover, it can avoid secondary operation for removing internal fixators and the adverse impact of stress shielding, so it is recommended to be used in clinic.

In order to investigate the role of the PTEN expression in carcinogenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma and clarify whether and how PTEN and PI3K/Akt pathway relate to endometrial carcinoma, the expression of PTEN and phospho-Akt was detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods and Western-blot from 24 cases of endometrial carcinoma, 10 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia, 10 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, and 10 cases of normal endometrium. SP immunohistochemical methods were used to measure levels of PTEN protein expression in following 5 study groups: 31 cases of endometrium in proliferative phase, 30 cases of endometrium in secretory phase, 71 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 25 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 73 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Immunostaining score of PTEN was 3.39+/-0.15 in proliferative phase, 1.90+/-0.21 in secretory phase, 3.34+/-0.29 in endometrial hyperplasia, 0.62+/-0.11 in atypical hyperplasia, and 0.74+/-0.19 in endometrial carcinoma, respectively. PTEN mRNA relative value in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial atypical hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma was 2.45+/-0.51, 2.32+/-0.32, 0.46+/-0.11, and 0.35+/-0.13 respectively. The expression levels of PTEN mRNA and protein in patients with endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia were significantly lower than in those of proliferative phase and with endometrial hyperplasia. The level of PTEN expression in patients with endometrial carcinoma was significantly related to tissue type (P<0.005), differentiation (P<0.05) and clinical stage (P<0.05), but not to depth of myometrium invasion (P>0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that Phospho-Akt level in PTEN negative cases was significantly higher, and there was a negative correlation between PTEN and phospho-Akt (r=-0.8973, P<0.0001). It was suggested that loss of PTEN expression was an early event in endometrial tumorigenesis. The phosphorylation of Akt induced by the loss of PTEN took part in the tumorigenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of a novel, oncolytic adenovirus mutant M1 administered in conjunction with immunosuppressive agents. Animal models were established by administering purified M1 either intravenously or retroperitoneally. At different time points, blood samples were taken from the mice for testing of liver and renal function. Microscopic examination of the liver was performed to observe pathological changes. Immunohistochemical analyses were used to evaluate the expression of the adenovirus in the liver. Lymphocyte recruitment to the liver and the activation of adenovirus specific T cells were also analyzed. No signs of general toxicity were observed, but transient increases in ALT and Scr were observed following the administration of M1. Microscopic examination revealed a mild inflammatory response in the liver. Compared to intravenous injection, higher expression levels of adenoviral proteins were observed after retroperitoneal injection. Combined treatment with cyclosporine A resolved the liver and kidney dysfunction and increased the concentration of the adenovirus in the liver. The use of the novel oncolytic adenovirus mutant M1 in vivo is safe, and the combined administration of M1 with immunosuppressive agents was able to enhance the effectiveness and safety profile of M1.

Objective To evaluate the short term results of repairing osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modified free vascularized fibular grafting through Smith-Peterson approach without cutting the rectus femoris.Methods Between January,2009 and September,2012,14 osteonecrotic hips of 14 patients who underwent free vascularized fibular grafting were retrospectively studied including 10 male and 4 female.The follow up period was 24 months.The preoperative and postoperative symptoms relief,recovery of hip function (Harris score),radiographic assessment (X-ray).Results All patients got postoperative ipsilateral hip pain relief.Average Harris hip score improved significantly (68.47 ± 5.33,86.80 ± 4.72 points in preoperation and postoperation,respectively; paired t test,t =18.724,P ＜ 0.01).Postoperative X-ray results showed there were no progresses of osteonecrosis and no collapse in the operative side within 2 years follow-up.Conclusion The short term treatment results of femoral head avascular necrosis were satisfactory by using free vascularized fibular graft through Smith-Peterson approach without cutting off the rectus femoris and it may be a relatively practical option of surgical approach.

Autopsy ; Fetus ; Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Rhabdomyoma ; pathology ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; pathology

Objective To determine the artificial radionuclides levels in environmental samples collected in some areas of China following the Japanese Fukushima nuclear accident,and to evaluate the extent of radioactive contamination.Methods A total of 118 samples including aerosol,water,soil and biological samples were collected and the activity concentrations of 131I, 137Cs and other artificial radionuclides were analyzed by using high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometry.Results Artificial radionuclides 131I,134Cs,137Cs and 136Cs were detected in the aerosol samples on 2 April,2011 and the activity concentrations were 1720,247,289,and 23 μBq/m3,respectively.Trace amount of 131I was detected in one sample of rain water and two samples of surface soil with concentrations of 2.08 Bq/L,1.82 and 0.59 Bq/kg,respectively.131I was also detected in 18 vegetable samples which were collected from 2 April to 13 April with the range of 0.55 -2.68 Bq/kg.Neither abnormal concentrations of 131I nor 137Cs was detected in milk,drinking water,sea water and marine products samples.Conclusions During the Fukushima nuclear accident,although minute quantities of radionuclides were detected in some samples collected in China,the effective dose for adults attributed to the nuclear accident is extremely small and significantly below the level that could cause harm to the public.

Objective To detect artificial radionuclide content in the spinach and soil in open air vegetable garden in Beijing during Fukushima nuclear accident and to study the radioactive contamination characteristics of the samples.Methods 6 spinach samples and 3 soil samples in open air vegetable garden were obtained through continuously sampling.High-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometry was used to analyze activity concentrations of artificial radionuclide131 Ⅰ etc in these samples.Results Artificial radionuclide 131Ⅰ was detected in the 6 open air spinach samples.Artificial radionuclide 137Cs was detected in 3 vegetable garden soil samples,trace amount of 131 Ⅰ was detected in 1 open-air surface soil sample alone.Conclusions Following the Fukushima nuclear accident,spinach in Beijing's open-air vegetable garden was slightly polluted by artificial radionuclide 131 Ⅰ,with the highest values of pollution appeared around April 4,2011,but it could not cause harm to human health.