Objective:To investigate whether acanthopanax senticosus saponins(ASS) has a protective effect on anoxia-damaged rat spinal cord motoneurons(SMNs) in vitro and to reveal the possible mechanism of this effects.Methods: SMNs were obtained from the spinal cord of embryonic day 15 rats and were cultured in vitro.The cultured cells were immunohistochemically identified and were subjected to anoxia exposure to establish apoptosis model.In this study,SMNs were divided into the following 4 groups: normal control group;anoxia-induced apoptosis group;ASS pre-treated group,SMNs were treated with ASS(50 ?g/ml) 24 h before anoxia exposure;and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) pre-treated group,SMNs were treated with GDNF(0.1 ?g/ml) 24 h before anoxia exposure.The morphology of SMNs was observed with phase-contrast microscope and electron microscope;the viability of SMNs was detected with MTT method;and the influence of ASS on the stablility of SMNs membrane was observed through detection of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) level in the extracellular solution.The influence of ASS on the expression of HIF-1? in anoxia-damaged SMNs was studied by Western blot analysis.Results: The morphological damage of SMNs in ASS and GDNF pre-treated groups was slighter than that in anoxia-induced apoptosis group.The results showed that the viability of SMNs was higher in ASS pre-treated group(0.21?0.028) compared with that in anoxia-induced apoptosis group(0.15?0.012)(P

To cement the 5 years’ staged achievement of new medical reform so as finally achieve the objective of medical reform, public hospital would become the aim of reform in the following stage. On one hand , canceling “using drug to supple health care” in public hospitals has came into the crucial stage; on the other hand, the government needed to increase financial input and ensure the implementation of security fund. What was the relation between these two reforms? Therefore , based on the survey of county-level public hospitals in G Province, relationship among government compensation method, hospital public profit operation mechanism and profit-driven operation mechanism were analyzed; besides, different financial insurance mode had different operation efficiency. Because the construction of hospital expense under public profit operation mechanism was more reasonable , the required government insurance fund was less, which only accounted 32.9%of the required fund under the profit-driven operation mechanism. Therefore, the policy suggestions that government need to “buy the mechanism” and “be brave to implement ‘subtraction reform’” were proposed.

Objective To analyze the epidemical distribution of intestinal nematode infections in Jiangsu Province in recent 30 years,so as to provide the evidence for improving prevention and control of intestinal nematodiasis in the future. Methods The literature related to intestinal nematode infections in Jiangsu Province from 1984 to 2012 was searched and the infection data in them were sorted and analyzed. Results A total of 26 papers were obtained. In the recent 30 years,the infection rates of Trich-uris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm in Jiangsu Province decreased gradually,but the infection levels in northern Ji-angsu were higher than those in central and southern Jiangsu. In northern and central of Jiangsu Province,the descent speed of the intestinal nematode infection levels was faster before 2000,and then it slowed down after 2000. In southern Jiangsu,the descent speed of the infection level of A. lumbricoides was the fastest,but the infection level of T. trichiura with slight fluctuation kept rela-tively steady. From 1984 to 1989,the infection rates of the 3 intestinal nematodes above-mentioned in all age groups were high, and those of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides were above 20%and 30%,respectively,and the infection rates of hookworm in mid-dle aged and elderly populations were relatively high. From 1990 to 2000,the infection rates of A. lumbricoides in children and teenager as well as that of hookworm in the people aged from 40 to 70 years were high,but those of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides in the people above 70 years old were low. During the period of 2001 to 2012,the middle aged and elderly population and children were still the high-risk groups of hookworm and A. lumbricoides infections,respectively. Conclusions In the recent 30 years,the infection rates of intestinal nematodes in Jiangsu Province have decreased year by year,but the infection levels in northern Jiangsu are still higher than those in central and southern Jiangsu,which means that the northern Jiangsu is the key area of intestinal nema-todiasis control. Meanwhile,the A. lumbricoides infection rate of children and T. trichiura infection rate of the middle aged and el-derly population are high,which suggests that the control should put emphasis on the key population.

Irrational use of medicine has some reasons subjectively and objectively.Under a system of new framework,the key link of achieving rational medical use is that how to strengthen the effeetive regulation.Construeting a scientific surveillance system.innovating monitoring system,intelligent using of modern management techniques,controlling the entire process of the implementation of medicine,to promotion the rational use of medicineprovides a strong institutional guarantee and technical support.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a rapid method for the concentration determination of lamotrigine (LTG) in human se-rum. METHODS:HPLC was adopted after serum samples treated with methanol. The column was Hypersil BDS C18(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)with the mobile phase of methanol-KH2PO4(45∶55,V/V)at the flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 250 nm,and the temperature was 35℃. RESULTS:The linear range of LTG was 0.5-30.0 μg/ml(r=0.999 9). The RSDs of intra-day and inter-day were all less than 5% and the recovery was 101.96%-102.74%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and fast,and suitable for the monitoring of LTG serum concentration.

[Objective]To investigate the changes and correlation of bone collagen and biomechanical property in osteoporosis rats.[Method]Normal 30 nullimating female 7 month SD rats were divided randomly to two groups,each included 15.The sham group was unovariectomized,and the OVX group was ovariectomized.To execute the rats after 12 weeks,the author get the 5th lumbar vertebra,and then detected the biomechanical property and HYP.The author observed the collagen morphology of the 4th lumbar vertebra using the microscope after the masson triad color dyeing.[Result]Twelve weeks later,HYP in the sham group was(0.197?0.035)mg/g.The bone collagen was regular,compact,and closed succession.HYP in the OVX group was(0.182?0.022)mg/g.The bone collagen was incompact,thin,collapse and poor succession.There was significant change of the HYP in two groups(P

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) is one of persistent organic pollutants which are widely exist in environment.This review described PCBs characteristics and toxicity on animals and human livers.Before now,it was identified that PCBs caused liver damage and hepatocarcinogenicity for animals.However,occupational studies and long-term,low level exposure studies to human beings have found no direct correlation between PCBs exposure and liver damage and carcinogenicity,only accidental environmental exposures have found increased mortality of liver disease.But high morbidity of human liver cancer and detected PCBs in the environment were reported in some regions.It is evident that more researches should be done.

[Objective] To develop a new method of measuring the posterior condylar angle(PCA)interoperatively,and determine the relationships of the PCA to the femoral shaft-transcondylar angle(FSXC)、the tibial plateau-tibial shaft angle(TPTS)and the femoral shaft-tibial shaft angle(FSTS)in southern Chinese people with osteoarthritic knees.[Methods]During July 2007 to March 2008,the PCA was measured directly in 30 osteoarthritic knees undergoing total knee arthroplasty with the PCA Conimeter designed by the author.There were 29 patients including 3 males and 26 females,and the average age was 66.6 years(range,50~78 years),18 left knees and 12 right knees.The radiologic measurements were performed preoperatively on weight-bearing long leg AP radiographs,which included FSXC,TPTS and FSTS.A linear correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationships of PCA to the FSXC,TPTS and FSTS.[Results]The value of the PCA was 5.2??2.6?.The values of the FSXC and TPTS were 8.6??2.9?and 4.1??4.0?,and both had significant linear correlationships with the value of the PCA(P

Objective To study the influences of impact of different loads to lamina on spinal cord with a closed spinal cord injury model and to explore the mechanisms of blood vessels in spinal cord injury. Methods 120 normal male SD rats were randomized into 4 groups, with 30 in each. Group A served as the control group which received no impact. In Groups B, C and D,impacts of 10, 15 and 20 N were given to lamina respectively. The blood flow in the spinal cord central gray matter and the dorsal white matter, the blood pressure and the heart rate were observed at different experimental time points. Results No obvious change was observed in the blood pressure and heart rate in every group at different time points. The spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) in Groups C and D varied in a regular pattern. Conclusions The impact load to lamina can affect the spinal cord mainly by altering the spinal cord microcirculation. The influence is the most obvious on the blood flow of microcirculation of the gray matter.

Objective To isolate protoplasts from tube plant leaves of Rhodiola sachalinensis and regenerate plantlets after protoplast culture.Methods Preculture treatment and size of explants,enzyme concentration,mannitol concentration in enzyme mixture related with protoplasts isolation were studied to determine the superior optimized conditions.Results Explants could be used to isolate protoplast without dark preculture,and leaf length should be longer than 1.5 cm.The best incubating enzyme solution contains 1.0% cellulase Onzuka R-10,0.5% Macerozyme R-10,10 mmol/L CaCl2?2H2O,0.1% MES,0.7 mmol/L KH2PO4,and 0.5 mol/L mannitol.The enzyme and explants mixture were shaken for 4 h at 25 ℃.The protoplasts yield and viability were 39.43?106/g fresh weight and 78.6%,respectively.Purified protoplasts were cultured in medium 1/2 MS+1 mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L ZT+0.5 mol/L mannitol +500 mg/L hydrolysis of casein initially with shallow liquid layers,and calli formed within 40 d.After calli were transfered to MS+1 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,adventitious buds were induced from calli.Shoots longer than 2 cm rooted within 30 d when they were transfered to 1/2 MS medium.Conclusion The study provides the scientific base for protoplast fusion in polyploidy breeding of R.sachalinensis.