Hypoglycemic effects of Yifusheng on hyperglycemia animals induced by alloxan or adrenaline were studied.The result showed that Yifusheng in the dosage of 0.25 g/kg and 0.125 g/kg could significantly decrease the content of plasma blood sugar(P

Objective To investigate the changes of serum homocysteine and it s relationship with oxidative stress and diabetic microangiopathy.Methods Eighty health participants were recruited as control 100 type 2 diabetis patients without diabetic microangiopathy were recruited as DM group,100 type 2 diabetis patients with diabetic nephropathy were recruited as DN group,and 100 type 2 diabetis patients with diabetic retinopathy were recruited as DR group.Their serum levels of homocysteine,malonaldehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione(GSH)were measured.Results The homocysteine was(98.86 ± 21.46),(198.95 ±19.35),(138.65 ± 15.25)ng/L in the DM,DN and DR group respectively,which were signigicantly higher than that of(62.48 ± 15.36)ng/L in the control group(F =7.95,P ＜ 0.01).MDA was(17.49 ± 1.64),(22.47 ± 1.86)and(22.47 ± 1.86)mmol/L,which was significantly higher than that of(11.86 ± 0.48)mmol/L in the control group(F =6.89,P ＜0.01).The homocysteine and MDA in the DN and DR group were both significantly higher than those in the DM group(P ＜ 0.01).The SOD and GSH was(107.80 ± 15.62)mg/L and(179.26 ± 25.8)mg/L in the DM group,(79.86 ± 14.63)mg/L and(143.36 ± 21.75)mg/L in the DN group,(89.34 ± 12.75)mg/L and(156.96 ± 19.35)mg/L in the DR group,which were significantly higher than those of(128.32 ± 19.21)mg/L and(237.38 ± 27.31)mg/L in the control group(F =7.89 and 8.76 respectively,P＜0.01).The SOD and GSH in the DN and DR group were both significantly lower than those in the DM group(P ＜ 0.01),and the DN group was significantly lower than the DR group(P ＜ 0.01)Serum homocysteine was positively correlated with MDA(r =0.79,P ＜ 0.05),and negtively correlated with SOD and GSH(r =-0.71 and-0.78,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Diabetic microangiopathy patients have higher serum homocysteine level and severe oxidative stress.Oxidative stress were related to higher serum homocysteine level.The higher serum homocysteine level and oxidative stress might play an important role in development of diabetic Microangiopathy

Objective To study the changes of endothelin,nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor level in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Eighty diabetes patients (53 with diabetic retinopathy and 27 without). Another 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as control. Plasma ET and VEGF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NO levels were measured by nitrate reductase method. Results Plasma levels of ET were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes with DR (DR)(80. 68 ± 13.57) mg/L than (65. 33 ± 11.24) mg/L, (45.25 ±9. 06) mg/L, in control and in type 2 diabetes patients without DR (NDR) (Ps ＜ 0, 01 ). Plasna levels of NO in DR group (69. 82 ± 14. 89) μmol/L were higher than (37. 85 ±-9. 11 ) μmol'L, in control group,but lower than (77.52 ±± 18.56) μmol/L in NDR group (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Plasma levels of VEGF ( 110. 52 ± 25.65 ) μg/L in DR were significantly increased compared with control (82.42 ± 18. 47 ) μg/L, and NDR(97.55 ±25.61)μg/L, (Ps ＜0.05).Conclusion ET, NO and VEGF may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.

Objective:To establish a method to determine the contents of pantoprazole sodium bioadhesive tablets. Methods:An HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on a HYPERSIL ODS-2 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm) column with mobile phase consisting of 0. 01 mol·L-1 dipotassium phosphate solution –methanol (60 ∶40) at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The de-tection wavelength was set at 289 nm, the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃ and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The linear range of pantoprazole sodium was 1. 28-20. 60μg·ml-1,(r=0. 999 8) . The average recovery was 99. 52%(RSD=1. 43%, n=9). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, and can be used for determining the content of pantoprazole sodium bioadhesive tablets.

Abstract Water is essential for human survival and development, and participates in many physiological functions. The three sources and four pathways of water maintain the dynamic balance of body water. Drinking water is the main source of water for the body, and urine excreted through the kidney is the main way for the body to excrete water. Water drinking behavior includes water intake and water type selection. Analyzing hydration state and health from the perspective of water intake and water type selection, the paper found that the research on water intake and widing behavior needed more attention in China. It is necessary to carry out more investigations on drinking water and voiding behaviors in China, and to explore the associations of water drinking and voiding behaviors with health. It will provide scientific data for revising the recommendation on adequate water intake for Chinese residents, to promote the formation of healthy water drinking and voiding behaviors, to maintain adequate hydration state, and to promote health ultimately.

Objective: To understand rural students’ perception and satisfaction of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students (NIPRCES), and to provide basis for promoting students’ participation in the school feeding program and improving the acceptability of school feeding. Methods: In 3 national pilot counties and 2 local pilot counties of NIPRCES, 1 middle school and 1 primary school were randomly selected. Two classes of 2 364 students from grade 4 to grade 9 were randomly selected and investigated with questionnaires. Results: Students were aware of the policy, with 78.9% of the students reported to be familiar with NIPRCES. The awareness rate of students at the national pilot areas was higher than that in local pilot areas(P<0.05). Students showed positive attitude towards NIPRCES. The median score of students’ understandings of the influence of NIPRCES was 20.0 (18.0, 20.0) points. Students in national pilot areas showed a more positive attitude toward the program than those in local pilot areas(P<0.05). Moderate satisfaction was reported in school feeding, 78.7% of students thought that school provided adequate amount of food, and 60.9% of the students enjoyed the food very much. The main reasons for leftovers were too much in amount(27.4%), repetition of food types (22.8%) and food aversions(9.2%). Conclusion Students are quite aware of NIPRCES and show moderate satisfaction in school feeding. The awareness and satisfaction are relatively higher among students in national pilot areas than those in local pilot areas. Health promoting schools should be established and students and parents should be advocated to take part in the program, health education need to be promoted in schools. Experiences sharing between different places could help improve the quality and acceptability of school feeding program.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects and impacts of different delivery methods on pregnancy outcomes in preterm women with scarred uterus re-pregnancy after prior cesarean section.Methods:The clinical data of 431 pregnant women with scar uterus re-pregnancy and premature delivery admitted to Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the mode of delivery, 107 patients who were delivered through vagina were included in the study group and 324 patients undergoing cesarean section were selected as the control group. Amount of postpartum bleeding, incidence of uterine rupture, and hospital stay were compared between two groups. Incidence of neonatal asphyxia and 1-, 5-, and 10-minute Apgar scores were also compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the control group, postpartum bleeding volume and hospital stay were significantly lower in the study group [(232.31 ± 73.82) mL vs. (354.27 ± 89.49) mL, (4.32 ± 0.61) days vs. (6.23 ± 0.94) days; t = 12.74, 19.69, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of uterine rupture ( P > 0.05), incidence of neonatal asphyxia ( P > 0.05), and 1-, 5-, and 10-minute Apgar scores ( P > 0.05) between the two groups. Conclusion:For premature delivery women with scarred uterus after prior cesarean section, both cesarean section and vaginal delivery can be chosen for successful delivery. However, vaginal delivery has less postpartum bleeding and shorter hospital stay, which is a feasible and safe delivery method. Vaginal delivery is encouraged for re-pregnancy after cesarean section.

Objective: To investigate drinking behaviors in weekdays and weekends among college students in Hebei Province during spring, and to provide references for propaganda of water drinking. Methods: A total of 156 college students in Hebei Province were selected using simple random sampling method. The survey began in March 2017. 7-day 24hour recording method was applied to record the amount and type of water drinking during for consistent consecutive 7 days, duplicate portion method was used to weigh the food consumed during the consistent consecutive 3 days and to record the water contained in the food. Results: Water intake from food among subjects during weekdays was higher than that among subjects during weekends (1 191 mL vs 1 113 mL, P<0.01). Only 21.9% and 19.9% of subjects consumed sufficient water during weekdays and weekends, according to the recommendation of China on total fluids intake, respectively. The proportion of water intake from staple food among male subjects during weekdays was lower than that during weekends (28.6% vs 31.1%). The proportion of water intake in males from porridge, water intake from soup and vegetables among subjects during weekdays were higher than those among subjects during weekends (6.8% vs 0; 141 mL vs 0 mL; 699 mL vs 647 mL). Water intake from staple food and vegetables among females during weekdays was higher than that during weekends (256 mL vs 210 mL; 559 mL vs 536 mL). There were no statistically differences on plain water, milk and beverages among subjects during weekdays and weekends(P>0.05). Conclusion Water intake from food among college students in Hebei Province during weekdays in spring is higher than that during weekends. There is discrepancy on sources of water intake from food during weekdays and weekends, while no similar difference on sources of drinking water. Proportion of college students without sufficient daily water intake during weekdays and weekends is relatively high which warrants further notice.

Objective: To investigate drinking behaviors among college students in Hebei Province during 8 periods of a day(before breakfast, during breakfast, after breakfast, during lunch, after lunch, during super, after super, during night in spring, and to analyze the drinking behaviors during different time periods so as to provide the scientific reference for health progaganda of water drinking. Methods: A total of 156 college students in Hebei Province were selected using simple random sampling method. The information of frequency, types and patterns of daily water drinking during 8 time periods, including morning, afternoon and evening, during meal and non-meal time, were recorded using the 7-day 24-hour recording method. Results: During 8 time periods, the amount (325 mL) and the percentages (89.8%) of drinking water after dinner was highest(Z=774.72, P<0.01), while water drinking after lunch and dinner was more common(Z=839.05, P<0.01). The amount (439 mL) of water intake in the evening was highest(Z=45.14, P<0.01), while water intake during the afternoon and evening was more common(2.3 time on average)(Z=40.34, P<0.01). About 54.2% of participants drank water during meal, while 99.2% drank water during non-meal time. The amount of water intake, the percentage of total daily water intake and the number of water intake during meal time was lower than those during non-meal time(Z=-14.58, -15.07, P<0.01). Conclusion Drinking behaviors in different time period among college students in Hebei Province during spring varies significantly. The amount of water intake in non-meal time is generally higher than that in meal time. Further efforts are needed to increase drinking water availability and consumption, as well encourage consumption of water among college students.