Objective To explore the application effect of the adult education theory in the nursing round. Methods 340 trainee nurses, who were trained at our surgical department between June 2008 and December 2009, were randomly divided into the experimental group(178 cases)and the control group(162cases). The adult education theory was adopted in the experimental group, whereas the traditional education method was used in the control group, a questionnaire was carried out after the nursing visit. Results The experimental group was more satisfied with the round visit than the control group. Conclusions The application of the adult education theory in the round visit is beneficial not only to the students' selection of the topics of nursing visit, but also to the improvement of the students' understanding and communicating capacity, the students' studying interests and the students' creative thinking, finally the degree of satisfaction to the round visit is increased by the adoption of this theory.

Objective To study the changes of endothelin,nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor level in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Eighty diabetes patients (53 with diabetic retinopathy and 27 without). Another 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as control. Plasma ET and VEGF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NO levels were measured by nitrate reductase method. Results Plasma levels of ET were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes with DR (DR)(80. 68 ± 13.57) mg/L than (65. 33 ± 11.24) mg/L, (45.25 ±9. 06) mg/L, in control and in type 2 diabetes patients without DR (NDR) (Ps ＜ 0, 01 ). Plasna levels of NO in DR group (69. 82 ± 14. 89) μmol/L were higher than (37. 85 ±-9. 11 ) μmol'L, in control group,but lower than (77.52 ±± 18.56) μmol/L in NDR group (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Plasma levels of VEGF ( 110. 52 ± 25.65 ) μg/L in DR were significantly increased compared with control (82.42 ± 18. 47 ) μg/L, and NDR(97.55 ±25.61)μg/L, (Ps ＜0.05).Conclusion ET, NO and VEGF may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.

OBJECTIVE To isolate bacteria from three second-class hospitals in Zhenjiang Jiangsu Provine,to detect their drug(-resistance) to antibacterial(agents) and analyzed the results in order to find out pathogen distribution and drug(-resistance) trend of the common causative organism.METHODS We isolated 1661 strains of bacteria from clinical samples between 2002 and 2004,and analyze their drug-resistance.RESULTS The number of Gram-positive(bacteria) was 634,accounting for 38.2%,from them there were 312 strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis,and 148(coagulase)-positive S.aureus.Drug-fast of two above staphylococci was similar.The(resistance) rate to penicillin and to oxacillin surpassed 85%,that to erythromycins exceeded 75%,to quinolones and cephalosporins surpassed 30% and 35%,respectively.The resistance rate to(vancomycin) was zero.Gram-(negative) bacteria were 1 027 strains,accounted for 61.8%.(According) to quantity order,the first was Enterobacter(249 strains);then were Klebsiella(226 strains);Escherichia(167 strains);Pseudomonas aeruginosa(136 strains);and Proteus(62 strains).The resistant rate to semisyhthesized penicillins among the first five Gram-(negative) bacteria species,was the most,especially the Proteus.CONCLUSIONS Clinical doctors,the(laboratorians) and detecting infection department in hospital should markedly pay attention to drug-resistant(bacterium) detection,pathogen mutation and drug-resistance trend,in(order) to reasonably use antibacterial(agents).

The literature analysis method is applied to summarize the research findings and proposals for hospital counterpart support work, and then we put forward its insufficient and advice, so as to provide reference for perfecting the construction of counterpart support mechanism, promoting further study.

Objective To introduce the application of grafting mechanism on a classⅢ grade A hospital's nursing counterpart support to county-level hospitals in Shanxi Province, and to summarize its effects and existing problems, so as to promote nursing counterpart support work and provide reference for the increase of the efficiency of counterpart support. Methods From 2014 to 2016, grafting mechanism was carried out in 23 county-level hospitals nursing counterpart supported by a classⅢ grade A hospital of Shanxi Province through 4 segments: field investigation, content selection, cultural integration and guided implementation. The evaluation of various mechanisms before and after grafting and the nurse satisfaction, patient satisfaction, high quality nursing service, as well as key discipline construction were statistically analyzed in 23 count-level hospitals. Results 100% of the 23 county-level hospitals applied grafting mechanism. A total of 20 nursing mechanism were grafted, focusing on 7 personnel systems, 3 performance management systems and 10 nursing quality management systems. The evaluation level of various mechanisms was significantly improved in the county-level hospitals after mechanism grafting. Nurse satisfaction increased from (87.6±15.2) to (89.7±16.8);patient satisfaction increased from (92.3±17.5) to (94.1±18.1); and high quality nursing service score increased from (73.5±12.9) to (75.8±14.0), and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.725, 4.042, 6.493;P< 0.01). A total of 5 of the county-level hospitals were approved provincial key discipline construction projects. Conclusions The mechanism of grafting plays a significant role in nursing counterpart support activities. Its theories and practice are worth of promoting.

Objective:To construct an evaluation index system of nursing counterpart support by ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals for country hospitals so as to provide a ruler for evaluating the quality of nursing counterpart support and provide a reference for sounding the long-term mechanism of counterpart support.Methods:This study combed the counterpart support policy document of China from 2009 to 2018 to refine nursing work assignment and goals, collected index pool by carrying out expert interview and searching literature. Expert meeting was used to sort out the items of index pool. After that, this study designed the inquiry questionnaire, implemented pilot survey and two rounds of expert consultation for 20 experts with Delphi method to determine the index system. Analytic hierarchy process was used to build judgment matrix so as to confirm the index weight.Results:Among two rounds of expert consultation, the recovery rates of questionnaire were all 100%; the expert authority coefficients were 0.817 and 0.838; the coordination coefficients were 0.117 and 0.247. The final evaluation index system of nursing counterpart support by ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals for country hospitals included three first-level indexes, hospital organizational leadership, accredited personnel management and synthetic evaluation, as well as 7 second-level indexes and 48 third-level indexes.Conclusions:This index system could be a tool for evaluating the nursing counterpart support.