The mechanisms underlying early neurological deterioration (END) after ischemic stroke are not clear.There are no reliable predictive factors and effective preventive measures for END.The glutamatemediated excitotoxicity plays a very important role in the cascade reaction of ischemic events.High level of glutamate in plasma is one of the important predictors for END.Studies have shown that the polymorphism in the promoter of the excitatory amino acid transporter-2 gene is a potential cause for individual susceptibility to END.Some therapeutic strategies of interrupting the glutamatergic pathways may be as the strategies of intervention END.

With the development of medical sciences, the concept of prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke is being updated continuously. However, there are still some gaps between the available evidence and clinical practice in its strategies of prevention and treatment. The article performs evidence-based analysis for the available evidence in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke in accordance with the scientific levels of evidence classification so as to narrow the gaps between the evidence in this field and clinical practice.

Objective　To investigate the correlationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), intercapillary distance (ICD) and radiosensitivity in uterine cervical cancer. Methods　112 patients who received radiotherapy alone were followed over five years. All PCNA expressions and ICD values were analyzed with immunohistochemistry assay and computer-defined capillary images. Results　 PCNA expression was observed in all patients with the average index of 0.542 ranging from 0.241 to 0.903 um. ICD averaged 180.42 um (ranging from 58.47 to 243.62 um). Conclusions　The PCNA expression and ICD value, being closely correlated with radiosensitivity and response to therapy, can be useful as markers for prediction and selection of treatment decision for uterine cervical cancer.

0.05).Internal fixation could make the adjacent segment rigidity degrade and stress raise significanly(P

Objective To investigate the correlationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), intercapillary distance (ICD) and radiosensitivity in uterine cervical cancer. Methods 112 patients who received radiotherapy alone were followed over five years. All PCNA expressions and ICD values were analyzed with immunohistochemistry assay and computer defined capillary images. Results PCNA expression was observed in all patients with the average index of 0.542 ranging from 0.241 to 0.903 um. ICD averaged 180.42 um (ranging from 58.47 to 243.62 um). Conclusions The PCNA expression and ICD value, being closely correlated with radiosensitivity and response to therapy, can be useful as markers for prediction and selection of treatment decision for uterine cervical cancer.

Objective:To establish experimental periodontitis model in Wistar rats by prednisolone acetate injection and ligature of their left second maxillary molars with steel-wire. Methods:Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, control group and experimental group. Muscle injection with saline was regarded as the control group. Prednisolone injection plus ligature of left second maxillary molar with steel-wire was used as the experimental group.The rats were killed after 6 and 8 weeks. Results:The rats in experimental group showed bad appetite and did not want to move after 4 days of injection. These symptoms were agreement with "shen-xu" in traditional Chinese medicine. The osteoporotic changes in alveolar bone, the absorption of alveolar ridge, the formation of periodontal pocket and osteoclastic activity were found in treatment group. None of above pathological changes occurred in periodontal tissue of the control group.Conclusion: Experimental periodontitis model could be successfully established in Wistar rats by ligature with steel-wire plus prednisolone injection, and this animal model offers a good means for the study of periodontitis.

Objective To investigate the cause of non-union and delayed union of femoral and tibia] fractures and assess the clinical outcome after treatment with intramedullary compression interlocking nail (ICIN). Methods From February 1998 to December 2006, 21 patients with non-union and delayed union of femoral and tibial fractures (13 patients with femoral fractures and 8 with tibial fractures) were treated by ICIN. Bone grafting was performed in 18 patients, and the other three patients only rocoived reamed compression nailing. Five patients received bone grafting combined with knee adhesion release operation. Results All patients were followed up for 11.4-36 months (mean 13.6 months). Solid bone union was observed in all patients, with mean bone union time of 8.7 months and without malunion, infection or refracture. According to the Klemm grading, the clinical outcome was graded excellent in 19 patients and good in 2. Conclusions The main causes for non-union and delayed union of femoral and tibial fractures are improper indication selection and incorrect use of implants, which may result in bieenvironment disruption. ICIN shortens the time of functional recovery of knee and ankle joint. ICIN has advantages of stable fixation, early exercise of the knee and ankle as well as early weight loading and hence is one of effective alternatives in treatment of non-union and delayed union of femoral and tibial fractures. ICIN can accelerate the healing of bone and improves the function of knee joint when combined with bone grafting, reamed compression nailing and knee adhesion release.

Objective To probe into the epidemic feature, pa tho genic spectrum and main risk factors of diarrhea during the field training in ar my. Methods Detection of morbidity,investigation of risk factor s and detachment of pathogen were performed. Results The diarrh eal incidence rate of army of field training was 4.36%(106/2 433), which was higher than that of hold garrison(0.98%, 2/204). The incidence rate of officers was lower than that of soldiers. Two incidence peaks concerned with the army motion course were foun d. The detection rate of lapactic bacteria from fecal of patients was 63.1%(65/1 03) and most of them were ETEC, followed by the plesiomonas shigelloides. Se ven ind ividual factors concerned with diarrhea disease were found with logistic analysi s, including dr inking unboiled water, going out to eating and so on. Conclusions Incidence of diarrhea in the army increased obviously during the field training and the chief pathogen are ETEC and plesiomonas shigelloides, at the same time, t he occurrence of diarrhea is related with many individual factors.

BACKGROUND:Microcapsules is one of the main directions of targeted therapeutic dosing system. With a size of several microns to several hundred microns, it can be used for injection, oral, arterial administration and local treatment of targeted organs and other treatment approaches. OBJECTIVE: To prepare rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids/polylactic-co-glycolic acid microcapsules and optimize the preparation conditions. METHODS: The rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids/polylactic-co-glycolic acid microcapsules was prepared by ultrasonic emulsification. The effect of the mass concentration (60, 100, 140, 180 g/L), stirring speed (50, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 r/minutes), colostrum emulsification time (2, 4, 6, 8 minutes), colostrum water oil ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20) of rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids/polylactic-co-glycolic acid microcapsules on gross morphology, particle size distribution width and total flavonoids encapsulation efficiency of microcapsules was univariately analyzed. The rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids/polylactic-co-glycolic acid microcapsules with smaler particle size, uniform dispersion and higher encapsulation efficiency was filtered out. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimum process parameters were as folows: 140 g/L polylactic acid-glycolic acid solution, the stirring speed of 2 000 r/min, the colostrum emulsification time of 6 minutes, and the colostrum water-oil ratio of 1:15. The microcapsules prepared in the optimized process displayed a uniform distribution and its average particle size was (789.8±712.3) nm, which distributed relative narrowly and basicaly less than 5 μm. Microcapsules presented round, with a regular edge under scanning electron microscope. The average encapsulation efficiency was 47.72%.

Objective:To determine the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the expression levels of bone gla protein(BGP) and cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6) in the periodontium of experimental periodontitis rats.Methods:One hundred 160-200 g Wistar rats were randomly divied into ten groups.Group A used as control were killed at the beginning of the experiment.Group B-J were experimental periodontitis models.Group B-E received the therapy of ginsenoside Rg1 were killed at 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th weeks.Group F-J received no treatment as periodontitis control were killed at 0,1st,2nd,3rd and 4th weeks.The expression levels of BGP and IL-6 in the periodontium were measured by immunohistochemistry.Results:The expression levels of BGP in the group F were significantly lower than that in the group A,the expression levels of IL-6 in the group F were much higher than that in the group A(P