Objective: To study effect of comprehensive nursing on patients with arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: According to random number table, a total of 100 patients with arrhythmias after AMI were selected in our hospital, and randomly and equally divided into routine nursing group and comprehensive nursing group (received comprehensive nursing based on routine nursing).NYHA cardiac function class, incidence rate of arrhythmia, standard reaching rate of health knowledge, mean bed time, mean length of hospital stay, mean hospitalization fee and satisfaction were compared and analyzed between two groups after treatment.Results: Compared with routine nursing group after treatment, there was significant rise in percentage of NYHA class I (24% vs.54%), and significant reductions in percentages of NYHA class III (38% vs.12%) and IV (10% vs.4%),P<0.05 or<0.01;significant reductions in incidence rate of arrhythmia (64% vs.12%), mean bed time[(5.01±0.63) d vs.(2.88±0.65) d], mean length of hospital stay[(16.15±2.00) d vs.(10.00±1.22) d]and mean hospitalization fee[(6984.95±652.30)RMB vs.(5274.95±632.30)RMB], and significant rise in standard reaching rate of health knowledge (72% vs.96%) and treatment satisfaction (80% vs.96%) in comprehensive nursing group, P<0.05 or<0.01.Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing can effectively improve therapeutic effect and shorten length of hospital stay in patients with arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction, and it is worth extending.

[Objective]To study the effect of semi-constrained total elbow arthroplasty in rheumatoid elbow arthritis.[Method]Eighteen semi-constrained total elbow replacements were performed on 22 rheumatoid patients with 28 elbows(Morrey Stage:6 of Ⅲ Stage,17 of Ⅳ Stage,5 of Ⅴ Stage).The elbows were reviewed retrospectively after a followup of mean 26 months(range12~44 months).Mayo Elbow Performance was used to evalue the function of preoperative and postoperative elbow.The curative effect and complications were observed.The statistically significant differences were analyzed.[Result]Elbow arthroplasty was successful in 22 rheumatoid patients with 28 elbows.After 6 weeks function exercise the Mayo Elbow Performance was improved from(31.6?29.2)to(82.1?24.3)with a statistically significant difference(P

Objective To retrospective analyze the treatment of hallux valgus with the procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, combining with osteotomy of the base of the second and/or third metatarsal(s), and to study the indications and effects of this procedure. Methods 35 cases 56 hallux valgus feet were treated by operative procedure from January 1994 to December 2003. 26 cases 43 feet underwent the operative procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, 9 cases 13 feet with painful callus under the second and/or third metatarsal(s) head underwent osteotomy of the base of the first, second and/or third metatarsal(s). The axial and lateral films of all feet with loading were taken before and after operation. The change of anatomic indexes and AOFAS of the patient postoperatively were recorded and analyzed. Results In the group with osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, AOFAS score was 47.6?5.8 preoperatively, and 84.3?5.7 postoperatively. In the group with osteotomy of the base of the first, second and/or third metatarsal(s), AOFAS score was 44.7?5.7 preoperatively, and 85.7?4.5 postoperatively. There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative rontgenographic index and AOFAS in each group. Conclusion The operative procedure is effective. The operative procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal can get good result in moderate and severe hallux valgus patients. Osteotomy of the second and/or third metatarsal(s) were recommended in cases with painful callus under the second and/or third metatarsal(s). Normal forefoot appearance and function can be restored by the procedure to reestablish the transverse arch.

[Objective]Through a comparitive analysis between hemiarthroplaty and dynamic hip screws in femoral intertrochanteric fracture,to discuss the differences and similaries between two groups of patients.[Method]Using the methods of retrospective review,the author collected 63 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fracture,treated by hemiarthroplasty and dynamic hip screws respectively.Followed for a minimum period of 6 months,the author compared the postoperative complications,cumulative mortality rate and loss of ambulatory grades between two groups.[Result]There was no siganificant difference in operative time and introperative bleeding and no evident distinctions showed in posteroperative general conditions.But in local symptoms,DHS group appeared the cut-out from femoral head and coax vara resulting from the collapse of medial cortex,hemiarthroplaty group emerged the pain in hip without proof of loosening and infection of prosthesis.Hip scores decreased by 8.6% in DHS group and 9.2% in hemiarthroplaty group.In the opinion of the function convalescence,there was no definition to be worth recommending between two groups.[Conclusion]To eldly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture,fine function should be expected equal to preoperation after operation,but the chief motive is to provide the conditions which permit the patients earlier activity.So hemiarthroplaty is a reasonable alternative to a sliding screw device to treat intertrochanteric fractures.

Objective To calculate effective dose based on the dose-area Product (DAP) measured in dental cone beam computed tomograhic (CBCT) scanning and using a conversion coefficient.Methods The method of the DAP was used to calculate the effective dose from KODAK 9500 dental CBCT scanner with fields of view (FOV) of 16 cm×15 cm and 12 cmu×8 cm.The DAP-values (mGy · cm2) were measured using a transmission ionization chamber connected to an electrometer (Doseguard 100,RTI Electronics AB,Sweden) and the chamber was placed directly on the exit of the X-ray tube.All measurements were repeated three times and averaged on each FOV data.The conversion coefficient of 0.080 μSv/mGy · cm2 was used to estimate the effective dose on the basis of DAP values,which was quoted from a literature.Results DAP values were found between the two FAOs to vary from 512 to 1 083 mGy · cm2,and the effective doses calculated with 0.080 μSv/mGy · cm2were 41 to 87 μSv.The effective doses given in this paper was lower than those reported in other literatures.Conclusions DAP measurement was found to be well defined and easy-to-use method of determining effective dose for some CBCT Units.However,determination of specific conversion coefficient in the CBCT must be further developed.

Objective To examined the relationship between the Fast Plasma Glucose(FPG) and the Postprandial Plasma Glucose(PPG) by analyzing 3 588 OGTT and IRT,and assessed the role of PPG in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.Methods Data of OGTT and IRT in 3 588 patients from 2000-Jan to 2007-June were collected and the distribution of the patients evaluated with cut-points of fasting plasma glucose by 5.6 mmol/L,6.1 mmol/L & 7.0 mmol/L and postprandial plasma glucose by 7.8 mmol/L and 11.1mmol/L were analyzed.T-test and corrected t-test of two independent samples have been done with SPSS 11.5.Results By WHO standard,3 097 T2DM were diagnosed.Of 2654 T2DM patients diagnosed by FPG≥7.0 mmol/L,54 patients showed 2 h PG0.05).202 cases were NGT(but hyperinsulinemia and/or delayed insulin secretion were found in 113 of them,55.94%).Other 289 cases were IFG and/or IGT.In the 291 cases diagnozed with 1 h PG≥11.1 mmol/L and 2 h PG

Objective To evaluate whether eight kinds of dosimeters satisfy the clinical mammography dose measurement through the comparison of energy response.Methods According to GB/T 19629-2005,the energy responses of eight available mammography dosimeters were determined for ten standard radiation qualities in the range 25-40 kVp at the SSDL using a refrence-class dosimeter.Results Except 2000S,the energy response factors of all the other dosimeters were consistent within ±5%.Conclusions The energy response of ionizing chamber type is better than other types of dosimeters.

Objective To fulfill the requirements for uncertainty of the calibration apparatus for dosimeters used in X-ray mammography through setting standard radiation quality at the SSDL and developing calibration procedures.Methods According to IEC 61267-2005 and IAEA TRS No 457 to recommend RQR-M and RQA-M series standard radiation quality,the calibration apparatus was evaluated for long term stability of the radiation field over 8 years from 2006 to 2014,including 10 response quantities,such as field homogeneity,change rate of mean air kerma and scatter radiation contributions and so on.In addition,the reference dose instrument was traced back to the PSDL of PTB in Germany by post during 2008 and 2012.Results The field homogeneity (φ 40 mm) relative error was ± 1.4％.The long term stability of the calibration apparatus was less than ± 2％ (limits of variation).The scatter radiation contributions at their points of test were below 0.12％.The calibration factors traced to PTB were 0.999-1.000.As a result of the calibration apparatus,the expanded uncertainty was ± 3％ (k =2,95％ confidence interval).Conclusions The calibration apparatus may meet the requirements of IEC 61267-2005 and IAEA TRS No 457 and has obtained the license of metrology from national regulatory authority.The laboratory now performs very well to calibrate dosimeters used in X-ray mammography.

Objective To discuss the techniques and efficacy of arthroscopy-assisted treatment for popliteal cyst. Methods From June 2004 to January 2006, 14 patients with popliteal cyst were diagnosed and treated with arthroscopy. During the operation, the popliteal cyst was removed, and then the hernial opening was repaired by suturing the medial head of the gastrocnemius tendon. The outcomes of the operation were evaluated by using Rauschning and Lindgren Grading. Results Arthroscopic examinations showed evident pathological changes in the knee joints of the 14 patients, including 6 cases of posterior horn medial meniscus tear, 1 case of chondromalacia of patella, 2 patellofemoral malalignment, 4 osteoarthritis, and 1 discoid lateral meniscal tear. The patients were followed up for 5-18 months (mean 11 months). According to the Rauschning and Lindgren Grading, 8 patients were grade Ⅱ and 6 were grade Ⅲ before the operation. After the operation, 9 patients were grade 0, 4 were grade Ⅰ, and 1 was grade Ⅱ. There was a significant difference between the pre-and postoperative grading (Z=-4.498, P=0.000). No patient had recurrence during the follow-up. Conclusions Popliteal cyst is usually induced by knee joint disorders. It was difficult to eliminate the cyst by simple resection. Arthroscopy-assisted treatment can achieve good outcomes.

Objective To compare the efficacy of two-incision microinvasive and modified Harding approaches for total hip arthroplasty in aged patients.Methods From May 2003 to December 2006,21 old patients(aged 82 on average) received two-incision microinvasive total hip arthroplasty in our hospital.The outcomes of the surgery was compared with those of 39 cases(mean age,83),who underwent the operation through the modified Harding approach.Results No significant difference was observed in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups [(270?94) ml vs(280?107) ml,t=-0.360,P=0.720].On the 2nd day after the surgery,the patients in the two-incision group could raise their legs straight upward without needing help.At day 10,they could raise the legs straight up to a mean of(53?12)?,which was significantly higher than that in the Harding group [(32?16)?,t=5.262,P=0.000].However,the Harris scores were similar in both the groups in 6 months after the operation(80.6?12.6 vs 79.5?13.2,t=0.313,P=0.756).The incidence rates of orthopedics and systemic complications in the two-incision group was not significantly different from those in the Harding group [9.5%(2/21) vs 8.1%(3/37),?2=0.000,P=1.000;19.0%(4/21) vs 37.8%(14/37),?2=2.210,P=0.137].Conclusions The short-term outcomes of microinvasive two-incision total hip arthroplasty is better than that of modified Harding approach in aged patients.However,the long-term results of the two procedures are similar.