This paper is aimed at inquiring the principles of processing Rhizoma zingiberis and the relationship between processing and clinical application. For this purpose, the histories of processing Rhizoma zingiberis recens, Exocarpium zingiberis recens, Rhizoma zingiberis, recens without peel Rhizoma zingiberis the stewed baxed and roasted Rhizoma zingiberis have beensstudied in literatures. The physical and chemical characters of their volatile oils and tissue structures were also compared. As a result, it was observed that the changes in different degree existed in content, phy sical constants and chemical compositions of their volatile oils and tissue structures of different processed products, which would be to prove it reasonable that the prepared pieces of different specifications had different curative effects.