Cataract surgery is now often referred to as refractive surgery.It has come into the focus in recent years to choose the intraocular lens of appropriate power so as to achieve the expected postoperative refraction.Two main factors influence the measurement of intraocular lens power(IOL),the IOL power calculation formula and biological measurement of the ocular.The achievement of expected surgical outcome depends on the selection of the IOL power calculation formula and biological measurement instrument that suit the intraocular lens the specific patient.The article presents an overview of IOL power calculation with a focus on the above two aspects.

Objective To investigate the circumstance of hospital-acquired infection in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI),analyse the correlation factors of hospital-acquired infection and guide the clinical treatment in AMI patients.Methods To retrospectively analyse the relation between the incidence rate of hospital-acquired infection and the factors such as sex,age,heart function,position of mycardiac infarction,complication,virulence operation,the use of antibiotics in 254 patients with AMI.Results The factors of advanced age,cardia insufficiency,anterior wall and multitude walls mycardiac infarction,delay visit,chronicity pulmonary disease,diabetes mellitus,virulence operation could increase the incidence rate of hospital-acquired infection(P

0.05),and the Killip classification and LVEF in the period of hospitalization after 24 hours and AMI after 3 months in PTCA group were significantly improved compared with that in no-PCTA group(P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of herceptin to rat bladder cancer. Methods Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=10). The rats of experimental group received a perfusion into the bladder with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at 2.5 mg every time, once per 3 weeks for 4 times in all, while those of the control group underwent a perfusion with normal saline instead of MNU. In 1 week after the last perfusion, the bladders were slited for gross observation and the biopsies were carried out for pathological observation with HE staining. Immunohistochemical SP method and RT-PCR were applied to detect HER-2 protein and mRNA expression in tumor tissues. Then 16 rats with HER-2 positive bladder cancer were randomly and equally divided into treatment group (herceptin, 20 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, once per week for 6 weeks) and non-treatment group (normal saline, 0.5 ml). Tumor weight, size and shape were measured and calculated for the inhibitory rate of herceptin. HE staining was carried out for the morphology of the tumor mass. The expression of HER-2 protein was detected with immunohistochemical SP method, and apoptosis in bladder tumor tissues with TUNEL method. Results The results of inhibitory rate was 50.0%, and it showed that the differences were statistically significant in treatment group compared with non-treatment group (P

Background and purpose:Apollon gene is highly expressed in leukemia and other tumors. The study aimed to discuss whether RNAi technology can reverse multidrug resistance of chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 through constructing a eukaryotic vector of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting at Apollon gene. Methods:The eukaryotic vector pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon with shRNA targeting at Apollon gene was constructed and then transfected into K562 cells by LipofectamineTM2000, and G418 pressure selection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunolfuorescence were used to detect the expression of Apollon mRNA and protein after Apollon was transfected stably in K562 cells. The changes of sensitivity of K562 cells to leurocristine (VCR) and etoposide (VP16) after transfection with shRNA-Apollon were detected by MTT method, and the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Results: pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon carrier was constructed successfully and expressed stably in K562 cells, and after G418 screening, it silenced Apollon mRNA and protein expression effectively. According to the result of MTT, the sensitivity of K562 cells to VCR and VP16 increased significantly in the group of gene interference, with half of its inhibition concentration (half-inhibitory, IC50) value signiifcantly lower than the control group (P<0.05);Flow cytometry showed that the cell apoptosis rate was increased signiifcantly (P<0.05), but there was no statistically signiifcant difference in the apoptosis rate between shRNA negative control group and normal control group (P>0.05). Conclusion:pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon carrier can enhance the abilities of VCR and VP16 to induce the apoptosis of K562 cells, namely an increase of sensitivity to these chemotherapeutics in K562 cells, it is hinted that RNA interference targeting Apollon gene may reverse the multidrug resistance of leukemia cells in some degree.

Objective To investigate therapeutic effects of transurethral ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy(TUPL).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 320 cases of ureteral calculus treated with TUPL from September 2002 to August 2005.A Wolf F9.8 rigid ureteroscope and an EMS pneumatic ballistic lithotriptor were used.The probe was 0.8 mm or 1.0 mm in diameter.The pulse settings was 200~300 kPa.The fragmentation was conducted with single or multiple episode of treatment.Results The stone was pushed back to the renal pelvis in 6 cases and a conversion to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) was needed.The insertion of the ureteroscope was failed in 5 cases and a conversion to open surgery was required.The TUPL time was 2~10 min(mean,5.5 min) and the intraoperative blood loss was 3~15 ml(mean,7 ml).The stones were successfully fragmented on one session in 309 cases,the success rate being 96.6%(309/320).The length of postoperative hospital stay was 3~7 d(mean,4.5 d).There were 24 cases of mucosal injury of the ureter and 4 cases of false passage,all of which were cured with double-J catheter indwelling for 1 month.Follow-up examinations for 1~10 months(mean,4 months) showed stone clearance within 1 month and no ureteral stenosis or urinary infection.Conclusions Transurethral ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteral calculus is safe and effective.

Objective To discuss MSCT signs of colon multiple diverticulum in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.Meth-ods MSCT signs and clinical data of 30 cases with colon multiple diverticulum of were analyzed retrospectively.Imaging character-istics of colon multiple diverticulum were summarized and comparated with the results of colonoscopic appearance.Results There were 30 cases of colon multiple diverticulum confirmed by colonoscopy,including 1 6 cases in the ascending colon,6 cases the de-scending colon,5 cases the sigmoid colon,1 case transverse colon,2 cases the whole colon,5 cases with diverticulitis.Multiple pro-jecting processes were showed in 1 9 cases(63.3%,1 9/30),lesion diameter were 3.0-10.0 mm,gas or liquid filled in the lesion in 1 1 cases,small bezoar filled in 8 cases and the surrounding fat gaps were fuzzy in 5 cases.There was no any MSCT abnormal sign in 1 1 cases.Conclusion The typical MSCT signs of colon multiple diverticulum are multiple projecting processes,which size is smaller than 1 cm and filled with gas,liquid or small bezoar.The sign of surrounding fat gap fuzzy often means diverticulitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of rivaroxaban on prevention from deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement surgery .Methods 80 patients with lower limb parallel arthroplasty were randomly divided into observation group and control group from January 2014 to January 2015.40 cases in each group.Control group was given aspirin treatment, observation group was given rivaroxaban treatment, indicators changes were followed up and recorded.Results PT, APTT values of observation group one week after treatment were (35.79 ±2.16),(15.84 ±2.11) s, which were better than control group (45.64 ±2.12),(18.72 ±2.02) s (P<0.05).TT, D-dimer of observation group(13.48 ±2.10)s,(2.34 ±0.33)g/L after a week were better,than control group (16.38 ±1.79)s, (1.42 ±0.21)g/L (P<0.05) respectively.Conclusion Effect of rivaroxaban in prevent deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement surgery is exact without obvious adverses reaction, it is worthy of further research and application.

Objective To investigate the effect of liraglutide and metformin hydrochioride on overweight diabetic patients because of poor glycemic control.Methods Forty-four overweight patients with poor glycemic control were randomly divided to the control group,the liraglutide group and the metformin hydrochioride group.Patients in control group were given diet and exercise control,in liraglutide group and the metformin hydrochioride group were given subcutaneous injection liraglutide,metformin hydrochioride oral treatment respectively for 12 weeks.Body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose (FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 hPBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.Results Compared with pretreatment,FBG,2 hPBG and HbA1c of patients in liraglutide group and metformin hydrochioride group were lower after treatment,and there was significant difference between the two group and the control group after treatment(P ＜ 0.05).BMI of patients in liraglutide group was (24.61 ± 3.47) kg/m2,lower than of the control group((25.37 ± 4.70) kg/m2,P ＜ 0.05).2 hPBG of patients in the liraglutide group was (7.13 ± 3.85)mtmol/L,lower than that of the metformin hydrochioride group ((8.03 ± 4.33) mtmol/L,P ＜ 0.05).FBG level in metformin hydrochioride group ((6.31 ± 3.45) mmol/L) was lower than that of the liraglutide group ((6.98±2.97) mmol/L),but the difference was not statistically significant(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Liraglutide and metformin hydrochioride treatment can effectively reduce weight and blood sugar of the overweight diabetics.The effect of liraglutide to reduce postprandial blood glucose and weight of the patient is more significant than of metformin hydrochioride.

Objective To explore the prognostic value of ventricular wall motion score (WMS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with heart failure (HF) in the recent 12 months Methods We selected hospitalized AMI patients in our department from Jan. 2014 to Nov. 2014. Cardiac ultrasound was performed to detect WMS and LVEF within 48 hours and during the 6?month follow?up period and the occurrence of HF was recorded. Results Totally 127 AMI patients were recruited, including 20 cases combined with HF. The WMS was higher in HF group than those in non?HF group (23.55 ± 3.73 vs 20.11 ± 3.13, P<0.01), while the LVEF in HF group was lower than those in non?HF group (48.77 ± 8.08 vs 56.99 ± 5.17, P<0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that WMS and LVEF were both independent predictors of HF in the recent 12 months (P < 0.05). The prediction effect of WMS ROC curve area was 0.81 (P < 0.01) , and LVEF 0.76 (P < 0.05). WMS and LVEF combined assessment area under ROC curve was 0.82 (P < 0.01). Conclusion WMS and LVEF are independent predictors of HF in patients with AMI in the recent 12 months and the combined application of WMS and LVEF can significantly improve the prediction effect.