The molecular imaging technology is a kind of imaging technology which displays the microstructure of tissue,cell and sub cellular level in vivo.It has the characteristics of real time,noninvasive,accurate and sensitive,and can be used for early screening and diagnosis of tumor at the cellular and molecular level.Following the development of bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging,optical molecular imaging technology is making rapidly progression.The application of optical molecular imaging technology in cancer was reviewed in the paper.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that composite scaffold of chitosan and poly-L-lactic acid has good biocompatibility with some cells. OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility of poly-L-lactic acid reinforced by chitosan and olfactory ensheathing cells. METHODS:In experimental group, olfactory ensheathing cells from Sprague-Dawley rats aged 1-3 days were incubated onto chitosan-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid film. And in control group, olfactory ensheathing cells were co-cultured with poly-L-lysine. The proliferative ability of olfactory ensheathing cells was detected and the cells were observed with immunofluorescence histochemical staining at 1, 3, 5, 7 days after culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Olfactory ensheathing cells could survive on the chitosan-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid film, and the cytotoxic grade wasⅠ. Morphology of the cells in the experimental group was round or oval, with little processes and the cells aggregated into groups. One day after implantation, the periphery cells of the mass extended short projections and gradual y spread outward;3 days after implantation, the cells spread and most of the cells generated projections, most of which were bipolar or tri-polar;5 days after implantation, cel processes significantly extended, most cells were bipolar and tri-polar cells, while some were oval cells and irregular triangular cells;7 days after implantation, the cel density increased, and cel processes extended. Cel morphology of the control group had similar characteristics as the experimental group. There was no obvious difference between the control and the experimental group in number, perimeter or area of the cells (P>0.05). It showed that chitosan-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid had good biocompatibility with olfactory ensheathing cells.

Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of clinical epidemiology of colorectal cancer in recent years.Methods The data of 849 patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by pathology in Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College and Cancer Hospital of Mudanjiang City from January 2010 to December 2015 were collected and analyzed by chi square test and variance analysis.Results In recent years,the patients with colorectal cancer were aging (F~ =2.471,P ＜ 0.05).Though the elderly (＞ 60 years old) people were the main population (65.6 ％,557/849),the young (＜ 40 years old) patients with colorectal cancer still accounted for 3.5 ％ (30/849).The rectum was the most common site where the carcinoma arose (56.54 ％,480/849).There was a significant difference between male and female patients in the location and pathological type of tumor (x2 =10.294,P =0.006;x2 =10.468,P =0.015).The incidence of left and right colon was increased [20.02 ％ (170/849) and 23.44 ％ (199/849),x2 =29.023,P =0.004],and the proportion of adenocarcinoma was increased (x2 =40.203,P =0.001).Conclusion The number of elderly patients with colorectal cancer in Mudanjiang region of China is increased significantly in recent years.The adenocarcinoma is the most common pathological type,and its incidence is increasing in recent 5 years.Thus healthy education and colorectal cancer prevention should be strengthened.

Objective: To learn anxiety and depression status in junior high school students with myopia in Zhoushan and their influencing factors,so as to provide reference for vision care and mental health intervention. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select students from two junior high school in Zhoushan. A self-designed questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were employed to collect the demographic information,and to evaluate anxiety and depression status.The logistic regression analysis was used to select the influencing factors for anxiety and depression in myopia students. Results : A total of 775 questionnaires were sent out and 766 valid ones were recovered,with an response rate of 98.84%. There were 662 students with myopia.The rates of anxiety,depression and the two combined in myopic students were 22.36%,25.38% and 14.35%,respectively.The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for anxiety of myopic students were females (OR=1.514,95%CI:1.054-2.183),the third grade (OR=2.246,95%CI:1.408-3.619),high myopia (OR=1.839,95%CI:1.126-3.017) and wearing glasses for two years or above (OR=2.504,95%CI:1.464-4.306); the risk factors for depression were females (OR=1.182,95%CI:1.253-2.536),above average of school record (OR:1.614-2.026,95%CI:1.034-3.153),high myopia (OR=2.284,95%CI:1.513-3.436) and wearing glasses for two years or above (OR=4.602,95%CI:2.035-10.372). Conclusions The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression are higher in junior high school students with myopia in Zhoushan. The students who are females,are in the third grade,have above average of school record,have high myopia and wearing glasses for two years or above are more likely to suffer from anxiety or depression.

Objective To further investigate the accuracy of the real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) in evaluating right ventricular(RV) systolic function.Methods RT-3DE,MRI and SPECT were used to study a total 30 patients including 10 with coronary artery disease,7 with hypertension,5 with cardiomyopathy,5 with atrial septal defect,and 3 with pulmonary hypertension.The RV end-diastolic volume(RVEDV),RV end-systolic volume(RVESV),RV stroke volume(RVSV) and RV ejection fraction(RVEF) were measured.The correlation and the difference between different modalities were compared.Results RT-3DE had a good correlation with MRI in RVEDV,RVESV,RVSV and RVEF (rEDV =0.811,rESV =0.837,rSV =0.818,and rEF =0.701).Also RT-3DE had a correlation with SPECT in RVEDV,RVESV,and RVSV(rEDV =0.526,rESV =0.493,rSV =0.514),but there was no correlation between RT-3DE and SPECT in RVEF (rEF =0.235).Conclusions RT-3DE can assess RV systolic function accurately.

Objective To evaluate percutaneous intratumoral injection of chemotherapeutic agents lipiodol emulsion (CALE) for the treatment of primary liver cancer. Methods This study included 57 patients of hepatocellular carcinoma (n=49) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n=8).53 were male and 4 were female,with a mean age of 48.02 years(range,19～70 years).In all,ninety CALE injections were assigned to 90 target areas within the lesions.Before the procedures,transcathetcr arterial chemoembolization (n=55) or infusion (n=2) was carried out in these patients.By arteriography,low blood supply of target areas was showed or it was concluded that superselective catheterization of supply arteries of lesions could not accomplished.Percutaneous intratumoral CALE injection was carried out under fluoroscopy or CT guidance.Therapeutic effect,side effect and complications were assessed based on clinical manifestation,laboratory examination and fluoroscopy or CT one week after procedure.Follow-up was carried out after 1,3,6 months and 1 year,and once every six months thereafter.Local recurrences were treated according to patients'will.Results 90 sessions of percutaneous injection were successfully performed on 57 patients,with 100% technique success rate.The volume of CALE iniected per session ranged 3.0-7.0 ml(mean,6.0 ml) in target size less than 3 cm,12.0-20 ml(mean,15 ml)in target size of 3-5 cm and 24-40 ml in target larger than 5 cm.Serum AFP was positive in 43 patients and decreased to normal in 14 patients(28%).54 lesions(60%)were with well distribution of the lipiodol-chemotherapy mixture on CT 1 month after procedure.Follow-up ranged from 2 months to six years(mean,16 months).The median survival time was 400 d.The cumulative survival rates at 200 d,600d was 85%and 30%,respectively.Complications included fever (n=22,24.4%),nausea and vomit(n=11,12.2%),and pain at the puncture site (n=17,18.9%).Conclusions Percutaneous intratumor CALE injection is safe and effective for the treatment of primary liver cancer.

Epidemiological studies have confirmed that genetic factors play an important role in the incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Previous studies showed that genetic factors accounted for a major part (about 67.88%), the remaining part was due to the environmental factors. At present, great progress has been made in the researches of the diagnosis and treatment of DDH, but there is no clear conclusion in the genetic etiology. This article reviews the latest studies of candidate genes and their mapping.
Female ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree

OBJECTIVETo detect potential mutation in a Chinese family affected with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples of the proband, her family members and 100 healthy controls. All exons and flanking intronic regions of the ALDH5A1 gene were amplified by PCR and subjected to direct sequencing.

RESULTSThe proband was found to have compound heterozygous mutations of the ALDH5A1 gene, namely c.398_399delAA (p.N134X) and c.638G>T (p.R213L), for which her parents were both heterozygous carriers. The same mutations were not found among the 100 healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONThe novel mutations of the ALDH5A1 gene probably underlie the pathogenesis of the disease in the infant, which also enriched the mutation spectrum of the ALDH5A1 gene.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; ethnology ; genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Developmental Disabilities ; ethnology ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Introns ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase ; deficiency ; genetics

Bacterial infection after implantation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds is still a serious clinical problem. Ag-nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide66 (Ag-nHA/PA66) antibacterial composite scaffold were prepared with phase-inversion method in this study. The scaffolds were mineralized in saturated calcium phosphate solution at 37 degrees C for 1 day. The microstructure and the newly formed nano-apatite deposition on the scaffolds before and after mineralization were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In order to investigate the release behaviors of Ag+, the Ag-nHA/PA66 scaffolds were immersed into 5 ml PBS at 37 degrees C for a different period between 3 h and 168 h before and after mineralization. Then the samples were cultured with E. coli (8099) to test the antibacterial effect of the scaffolds. The results showed that, after mineralization, Ag-nHA/PA66 porous scaffolds still possessed a good inter-connection and a new apatite layer was formed on the surface of the scaffolds. The average macropore size was 626.61 +/- 141.94 microm, the porosity was 76.89 +/- 8.21% and the compressive strength was 2.94 +/- 1.12 MPa. All these physical parameters had no significant difference from those of the un-mineralized scaffolds. The Ag+ release of the scaffolds with and without mineralization was fast within 1 day and then kept slow and stable after 1 day. The antibacterial test confirmed that after mineralization the scaffolds had good antibacterial effects on E. coli.
Biocompatible Materials ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Nanocomposites ; chemistry ; Nylons ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Silver ; chemistry ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry