Objective To invetigate clinical characteristics,pathogenesis and its risk factors of neuropsychi-atric lupus erythematosus(NPLE).Methods 160 cases of SLE patients,including 30 cases of diagnosed NPLE,were analyzed retrospectively.The relationship between the appearance of NPLE and common autoantibodies,other organ involvement and SLE disease activity score(SLEDAI)were analyzed.Results Such antibody positive rates of anti nuclear antibody(ANA),anti Sm antibody,anti -RNP antibody,anti SSA antibody,anti ds -DNA antibody had no significant difference between NPLE and non NPLE,the value of χ2 was 0.947,0.013,1.194,0.023,0.745 respectively,the value of P was 0.194,0.910,0.274,0.879,0.388 respectively.Renal involvement,raynaud phenomenon,interstitial pneumonia,pulmonary thromboembolism,oral ulcer,arthritis,facial erythema,pleuritis,pericarditis,fever,pulmonary hypertension,photo -allergy and alopecia in the two groups had no difference,the value of χ2 was respectively 0.419,1.383,0.721,0.201,1.368,1.194,0.055,0.946,0.262,2.503,0.628,2.898 and 0.075,the value of P was 0.517,0.324,0.396,1.000,0.242,0.274,0.815,0.331,0.609,0.114,0.428,0.089 and 0.785 respectively.But the occurrence of hand and foot vasculitis in NPLE was significantly higher(χ2 =3.996,P =0.046).SLEDAI of NPLE was higher than non NPLE(t =8.446,P =0.000).Conclusion There was no correlation with the occurrence of NPLE and common autoantibodies,other organ involvements.Hand and foot vasculitis and higher SLEDAI(more than 15 points)were the risk factors of NPLE.Encephalopathy may be the initial manifestation to some of SLE cases. Early diagnosis and methylprednisolone pulse treatment combined with immunosuppressive therapy can effectively improve the remission of the disease,reduce mortality and improve prognosis.

Objective To investigate the serum expressions and clinical significance of Dickkopf-1 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The clinical data of 139 patients with RA were retrospectively analyzed, including the disease history, tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), platelet, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), antikeratin antibody (AKA), anti-perinuclear factor (APF), anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), Dickkopf-1 and radiological (X-ray) staging. The disease activity scale (DAS) was evaluated, and the ESR and CRP levels were included. The relationship between Dickkopf-1 and the clinical data of RA, DAS44 score was analyzed. Results The serum level of Dickkopf-1 in patients with RA was (2.70 ± 0.46) μg/L. There was no relationship between serum Dickkopf-1 level and gender, age, course of disease, CRP, platelet, ANA, AKA, APF, RF, radiological staging in patients with RA (P>0.05). The serum Dickkopf-1 level was significantly associated with TJC, SJC, ESR, DAS44-ESR score, DAS44-CRP score and anti-CCP (r = 0.200, 0.291, 0.178, 0.222, 0.199 and 0.278, P = 0.019, 0.001, 0.037, 0.009, 0.028 and 0.012). Conclusions The serum Dickkopf-1 expression level is closely related to the occurrence and development of RA. Dickkopf-1 may contribute to diagnose the disease activity in patients with RA.

Objective To explore the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in hippocampus of rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Rat models of PD were made by injection 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into striatum. 5-bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) was injected into the abdomens of PD rats for 14 days before they were killed. The expressions of Brdu/Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Brdu/ Neuronal nuclear antigen (Neun) were determined by immunocytochemistry. The distinctive marker for Brdu/GFAP and Brdu/Neun labeling method was used to determine the phenotype of the differentiated cells.Results After PD models were established, the Brdu/GFAP and Brdu/Neun positive cells appeared at 7 d, increased gradually at 14 d, and peaked at 28 d. In these double labelled cells, Brdu/GFAP positive cells were more than Brdu/Neun positive cells.Conclusions Direct injection of 6-OHDA into the striatum stimulates the proliferation of inherent NSCs in hippocampus of rats. Large amounts of NSCs differentiate into astrocytes and small amounts of them turn into neurons.

Cadherin-11 is a kind of classical cadherin subfamliy.The function of cadherin-11 involves embryonic development,tissue morphogenesis,tumor's invasion and metastasis,signal transduction and so on.This review summarizes the function of cadherin-11 in joint formation,including the relation of cadherin-11 with the bone and cartilage,growth plate,synovial and tendon formation.

Objective To study the clinical significance of Raynaud phenomenon (RP) in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods One hundred and twelve cases with SLE were divided into two groups according to the condition of RP and were analyzed retrospectively.The similarities and differences were investigated in system injury and laboratory examination in two groups.Results The occurrence rates of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH),interstitial lung disease (ILD),pericarditis,fatigue,pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with RP were higher than those in patients without RP [89.3％(25/28) vs.2.4％(2/84),57.1％(16/28) vs.16.7％(14/84),75.0％(21/28) vs.39.3％ (33/84),67.9％(19/28) vs.33.3％(28/84),21.4％(6/28) vs.4.8％(4/84),14.3％(14/28) vs.1.2％(1/84) ](P ＜ 0.05 ).The positive rates of anti-cardiolipin (ACL) antibody,anti-RNP antibody,anti-Sm antibody and LA in patients with RP were higher than those in patients without RP [46.4％(13/28) vs.9.5％(8/84),75.0％(21/28) vs.33.3％(28/84),57.1％(16/28) vs.23.8％(20/84),17.9％(5/28) vs.2.4％(2/84)] (P ＜0.05),while leucopenia in patients with RP was lower than that in patients without RP [7.1％(2/28) vs.45.2％ (38/84)] (P =0.001).Conclusion Heart,lung and vascular lesions such as PAH,ILD,pericarditis,PE and so on are easier to occur in SLE with RP,furthermore the positive rates of ACL,anti-RNP antibody,anti-Sm antibody,and LA are higher than those without RP.

AIM: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that parthenolide suppresses ischemia-induced neuroinflammation in the MCAO model of adult rat. METHODS: MCAO rats were treated i.p. with parthenolide (500 μg/kg). Brain sections were analyzed for BrdU, BrdU-DCX, BrdU-Tuj-1, BrdU-MAP-2 and BrdU-GFAP staining. Total protein was extracted from ischemic striatum, and Western blot was used to determine TNF-α expression. RESULTS: Cerebral ischemia increases expression of TNF-α in the ischemic striatum. Parthenolide suppressed the expression of TNF-α and enhances the proliferation of newborn cells in the ischemic striatum. The cell number of BrdU~+-DCX~+, BrdU~+-Tuj-1~+, and BrdU~+-MAP-2~+ is increased in the ischemic striatum after parthenolide treatment at 3 d, 7 d or 28 d after MCAO. Furthermore, parthenolide depressed the cell number of BrdU~+-GFAP~+ in the ischemic striatum at 3 d, 7 d and 28 d after MCAO. CONCLUSION: Parthenolide inhibits neuroinflammation induced by cerebral ischemia and promotes neurogenesis in the ischemic striatum. Further study of the effects of parthenolide on inflammatory gene expression using model animal systems as described here are critical to elucidating their mechanisms of action.

BACKGROUND:Bipolar femoral head prosthesis has achieved the desired repair effect in patients with femoral neck fracture, but there is stil much controversy on the biomechanical properties of bipolar artificial femoral head prosthesis. OBJECTIVE:To compare biomechanical properties of the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement and internal fixation in the repair of femoral neck fracture in the elderly. METHODS:Twenty-three (46 sides) senile femoral neck fracture specimens were analyzed and randomized into internal fixation group(n=23)and bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group (n=23). Specimens in the internal fixation group underwent conventional metal implant fixation. Specimens in the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group underwent bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement. Mechanical properties of femoral prosthesis stem were tested on universal testing machine. Biomechanical properties after bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement and internal fixation were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum loadwassignificantly higher in the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group than in the internal fixation group (P< 0.05). The maximum load trend images showed that the maximum load was significantly higher in the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group than in the internal fixation group (P< 0.05). (2) The displacement in axial pul test was significantly shorter in the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group than in theinternal fixation group (P< 0.05). The displacement trend images exhibited that the displacement in axial pul test was significantly shorter in the bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement group than in the internal fixation group (P< 0.05). (3) These findings suggest that compared with the implant, bipolar femoral head prosthesis replacement in the repair of femoral neck fracture in the elderly is more stable, has better repair effects, can elevate hip function and obtain good initial stability.

Objective To construct a adenovirus vector containing human NRP-1 gene and 3Flag gene to interaction between tumor and interstitial cell.Methods Plasmid containing NRP-1 gene was digested by AgeⅠand NheⅠ restriction endonuclease.Then the DNA was ligated into linearized pDC315-3Flag vector.After having been constructed,the pDC3 1 5-NRP-1-3 Flag plasmid was co-transfected with framework plasmid pBHGlox△E1 , 3Cre into HEK 293 cells to obtain the homologous recombinant adenovirus,which was then amplified and purified its titer tested.Expression of NRP-1 protein was detected using Western blot.Results Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis confirmed that the shuttle plasmid pDC3 1 5-NRP-1-3 Flag and design were consistent. Cytopathic effect was observed by inverted phase contrast after transfecting HEK2 9 3 cells with shuttle plasmid pDC315-NRP-1-3Flag.95-130 ku was detected by Western lot after transfecting HEK293 cells with shuttle plasmid pDC315-NRP-1-3Flag and recombinant adenovirus,the size being consistent with the NRP-1-3Flag fusion protein (104 ku),with a titer of 2.00E+11PFU/mL.Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus vector for human NRP-1 gene was successfully constructed expressed in HEK 2 9 3 cells.

Objective To summarize the clinical experiences of video-mediastinoscopy followed by stenting procedure in treating the superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS),and to investigate their application significant.Methods Nine patients with SVCS without clear histologic diagnosis before procedure were reviewed retrospectively,who were admitted into hospital from November 2007 to October 2013.All of 9 patients were received video-mediastinoscopy and they did not performed pathological check.They were placed the endovascular stent.Results Video-mediastinoscopy followed by stenting procedure 6 cases,parasternal TN mediastinoscopy 2 cases,joint neck and parasternal TV mediastinoscopy 1 case.Nine cases have received a clear pathological diagnosis.There was no death case in-hospital.The operative complication was hemorrhage of 1 case.The cubital venous pressures were (18.6±5.1) cmH2O at stending,(13.5±3.3) cmH2O,(11.3±2.5) cmH2O,(10.3± 2.0) cmH2O at 24,48,72 h after stending,and down to the normal at 72 h (F =67.245,P ＜0.01).The clinical symptoms were obviously relieved.All of them were remained free from SVCS during the follow-up.Conclusion The hybrid procedure of video-mediastinoscopy followed by stenting placement is a highly effective and safe treatment.It can accurately provide informations on diagnosis and treatment.

The expression of CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)FoxP(3) (+) regulatory T cells (CD(8) (+)Tregs) in the peripheral blood of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the effect of muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist tiotropium bromide on the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs were investigated. Twenty-three patients with moderate to severe stable COPD were enrolled in this study. All patients inhaled tiotropium bromide (18 μg daily) for 3 months. Before and after inhalation of tiotropium bromide, peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients, and T cells were labeled by three-color labeled monoclonal antibodies. Flow cytometry was used to detect the quantity and percentage of CD(8) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)Tregs, CD(4) (+)T cells, CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)FoxP(3) (+) regulatory T cells (CD(4) (+)Tregs) respectively. The percentage of CD(4) (+)T cells was increased from (27.82±2.18)% to (35.53±1.3)% (t=3.20, P=0.004) in the peripheral blood of patients with stable COPD after inhalation of tiotropium bromide for 3 months, that of CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells was decreased from (10.03 ±1.42)% to (4.21 ±0.65)% (t=3.78, P=0.001), and that of CD(8) (+)Tregs was increased from (8.41 ±1.68)% to (21.34 ±4.20)% (t=2.72, P=0.013). At baseline, CD(8) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)Tregs were detectable in the peripheral blood, but no significant changes were observed after treatment. Linear correlation analysis revealed that the difference before and after treatment in CD(4) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells was negatively correlated with the ratio of change in CD(8) (+)Tregs before and after treatment (r=-0.61, P=0.013; r=-0.72, P=0.001 respectively). In the peripheral blood of patients with stable COPD, there was the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs and CD(4) (+)Tregs. Muscarinic receptor antagonist, tiotropium bromide, can promote the amplification of CD(4) (+)T cells, inhibit the expression of CD(25) (+)T cells, and enhance the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs. CD(8) (+)Tregs and CD(4) (+)Tregs can be used as new indicators to understand the immune status of patients. They are helpful in judging the treatment efficacy and disease immunophenotype.