Acid a-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), a cytoplasmic marker was used to identify the T lymphocytes and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of mice experimemally infected with T. spiralis. The results showed that the absolute number of lymphocytes and T lymphocytes increased in parallel on d, after infection, reachiug the peak on d14, and remaining above normal level on d60. The spotted granular ANAE positive cells (Helper T cells, Th) were decreasing and the scattered granular ANAE positive cells (suppressor T cells, Ts) were increasing, leading to a lowering of the Th/Ts ratio which was most marked on d14 and returned to normal on d60. The depres-sion of host immune function during T. spiralis infection might be related to the lowering of Th/Ts ratio.

Trauma and infection may cause a stress reaction to the body,which leads to the metabolic imbalance of organs and tissues,but some treatment methods can effectively reduce the negative effects of undesirable stress on body metabolism.This article focuses on the effects of trauma and infection stress on the protein metabolism,furthermore,introduces some related treatment methods.

Objective To explore the effect of isometric contraction-induced ischemic burden for evoking maximal intrinsic femoral artery collateral circulation. Methods Twenty-four adult New Zealand rabbits weighing (2.0±0.5) kg were subjected to a model of isometric contraction-induced ischemia. An electrode was implanted in the sciatic nerve of the left hind limb for evoking isometric contraction of the gastrocnemius, which blocked local blood flow and induced local ischemia. Femoral artery collateral blood flow (FCBF) was measured using a micro-sphere technique. Results Local blood flow was the lowest at 40% of the maximal isometric contraction (IEmax), and reached plateau at 60% of IEmax. FCBF increased gradually and reached a plateau at 40% of IEmax in the 4th min. After 4 minutes at 40% of IEmax, FCBF had increased to higher than pre-stimulus, peaking in the 2nd minute, and then decreasing gradually to baseline at the 5th minute after reperfusion. It ceased to increase when reperfusion was prolonged to 8 or 10 min. Conclusions The minimal ischemic burden for full obstruction of the femoral artery is 40% of IEmax, and the shortest stimulus duration is 4 min. The maximal FCBF opening duration is no more than 5 min.

Objective To study whether the HBC-A2/scFv fusion protein mediates killing of tumor cells by viral specific cytotoxic T cells. Methods The fusion protein was attached to the CD71-expressing, HLA class Ⅰ negative tumor cells. And then, cytolysis by viral peptide-specific CTLs which were generated by co-culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes from HLA-A2 positive donors with inactivated T2 cells pulsed with the viral peptide were tested by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) releasing. Results The fusion protein can attach the active viral peptide/HLA-A2 complex to K562, HepG2 and U937 cells through binding of CD71 scFv to CD71 (37.30% ±8.25%, 27.20% ±3.88%, 21.80% ±6.49% ) and mediate cytotoxicity of viral peptide-specific CTLs against those cells in vitro ( K562: 42.08% ± 1.14% vs 8.07%± 1.39%; HepG2: 49.72% ± 1.59% vs 12.46% ± 1.26%; U937: 39.72% ± 3.26% vs 7.13% ±1.48% ). Conclusion This viral peptide/HLA-A2 complex targeted by CD71 scFv is able to redirect viral peptide-specific T-cell mediated immune responses against tumor cells.

Interleukin 33 (IL 33),one member of the IL-1 family,is expressed in many types' tissue and regulation of multiple target cells via its suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor.Therefore,the crucial roles of the novel cytokine IL-33 in allergic,endocrine diseases,infectious diseases and cancer are becoming characterized.The function of IL-33 in different parasite infection is distinctive in parasitic infections,due to the difference in pathogenic mechanism and in the time course of IL-33 expression.

Objective To study the protective effect of minocycline against ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation and its molecular mechanism after circulatory death in rats.Methods The rat donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation model was established by using magnetic-ring method.The donor and recipient were male SD rats.The rats were divided into sham operation group (SHAM group),liver transplantation group,minocycline group (MIN group),atractyloside + minocycline group (ATR + MIN group),24 rats in each group.In the MIN group,10 mg/kg minocycline was injected through the dorsum vein of the penis after reperfusion.The ATR + MIN group was injected with 2 mg/kg atractyloside.The open status of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) was detected at 2,6,and 24 h after operation.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of caspase3 and cyt c.Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined.Liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and pathological changes were evaluated by Suzuki's standard.The survival of each group was calculated.Results As compared with liver transplantation group and ATR+ MIN group,the mPTP opening of MIN group decreased (P＜0.05),the expression of caspase3 and cyt c and the serum ALT and AST levels decreased significantly (P＜0.05),liver tissues injury was alleviated (P＜0.05),and the survival rate increased significantly after 30 days (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between liver transplantation group and ATR + MIN group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Minocycline reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in DCD liver transplantation in rats probably by inhibiting the mPTP opening,and preventing cyt c release and caspase3 activation to reduce hepatocyte apoptosis.This effect can be blocked by mPTP opener.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the application of rational drug use software system in drug dispensing in outpatient depart-ment of our hospital. METHODS:The application of rational drug use software system (included clinical decision support soft-ware,drug dispensing software and drug management software) in prescribing (warning in advance),dispensing (intervention in the event)and the prescription review(the post review)in outpatient department of our hospital were all introduced. Outpatient pre-scription checking and intervention were collected from our hospital after the application of rational drug use software system to evaluate the effect of the software system. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Rational drug use software system is adopted to realize scientific,convenient and express monitoring and management of prescription drug use in advance,in the course and afterwards. A total of 721 507 outpatient prescriptions were checked in our hospital from Jan. to May in 2015;0.17‰prescriptions were intercept-ed by system warning;system pointed out and pharmacists had checked 23.25% prescriptions;the rate of qualified prescription was more than 99.96%. After pharmacists intervention,various types of irrational prescriptions decreased significantly (P<0.01). It is suggested that pharmacists should make full use of information system,at the same time,optimize and improve the system through active exploration so as to improve rational drug use.

Objective To observe the effects of Dong's Extraordinary Acupoints acupuncture and rehabilitation on upper limb spastic hemiplegia after stroke. Methods 105 patients with upper limb spastic hemiplegia after stroke were randomized into 3 groups as groups A, B, C equally, and receiving Baclofen and rehabilitation training, acupuncture at Dong's Extraordinary Acupoints, and both acupuncture at Dong's Extraordinary Acupoints and rehabilitation training for 8 weeks, respectively. They were assessed with China Stroke Scale (CSS) and modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) before and after treatment Results The CSS and MAS scores obviously improved after treatment in each group (P<0.01), and improved more in the group C than in the group A and B for CSS (P<0.05). Conclusion Both acupuncture at Dong's Extraordinary Acupoints and rehabilitation can improve the neural function and upper limb muscle tension in patients with upper limb spastic hemiplegia after stroke, with the synergistic effects.

Objective To make a comparison between the plain radiograph, CT, and MR findings of gouty arthritis and to analyse the relationship between clinical data and imaging findings. Methods Fifty-four joints of 33 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of gouty arthritis were included in this study. In the morning, the blood uric acid level of patients was tested before meal. In the afternoon, their clinical data were recorded and joints were examinated by plain radiography, CT, and MRI. The imaging findings were evaluated by tophi, bone erosion, soft tissue swelling, hydrarthrosis, synovial thickness, and bone oedema. The data was analyzed by Chi-square test, indepentdent-samples t test, and logistic regression. Results The Chi-square test was utilized to evaluate number of joints with tophi(CT>plain radiography, MR>plain radiography, P<0. 01), soft tissue swelling (MR>CT>plain radiography, P<0. 01), hydrarthrosis(MR>CT, P<0. 01). In addition, 35 joints had bone oedema and 50 joints had synovial thickness. The course of disease(tophi positive group vs tophi negative group, P<0. 01) was analyzed by indepentdent-samples t test. The tophi's causative agents including bone erosion and course of disease were analysed by logistic regression(P<0. 01). Conclusions MRI is superior to CT and plain radiography on the early diagnosis of gout. Tophi and bone erosion may not affect the blood uric acid level. With the progression of disease, the probability of tophi formation increases. The relationship between the formation of tophi and bone erosion may be interpromotied.

Objective To explore the locating, parameter measurement and 3D display of nucleus accumbens in human brain in terms of digital anatomy .Methods The raw data of the head specimen of a 45-year-old male adult with 0.5mm as the section spacing was collected by using digital milling machine .Three hundreds images of continual cross sections containing brain were chosen and the segmentation of the caudate nucleus , putamen and nucleus accumbens was accomplished with Photoshop CS .The nucleus accumbens on the images of continual coronal section reconstruction were distinguished according to Harvard Medical School ’ s segment method to calculate the volume of nucleus accumbens and collect the correlative location information .The caudate nucleus , putamen and nucleus accumbens were 3D visualize with the software of Amira 3.1.1.Results The nucleus accumbens , the adjoining structure and the lesion target of nucleus accumbens were all clearly visible .The left nucleus accumbens volume was 972.5mm3 , and the right was 830.6mm3 .The 3D coordinate value was the left ( -11.0, 24.4, 1.3) and the right (9.3, 23.9, 1.7).Conclusion The digital anatomy of nucleus accumbens can distinctly display the nucleus accumbens , form and confirm it ’ s volume, location and adjoining area , which is useful to clinician .