Severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)is caused by a new type of coronaviruses.The structure,pathogenicity,resistance of SARS-CoV and the current status and shortage of laboratory diagnosis for SARS was reviewed in this literature.

Natamycin is a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic ,which is wide ly used in the food industry in order to prevent mould contamination .Biosynthe s is gene cluster of natamycin is discovered by the overall of progress in molecul ar biology of natamycin, including 16 open reading frames which includes the gen e for 26-member ring formation of natamycin (pimS0-pimS4 ) and the modifying gene s, and the function of the protein including polyketide synthases(PKSs)、PimD、P imJ、PimK were studied

Adolescent ; Humans ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

Objective: To optimize the culture condition for porcine bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), so as to lay a foundation for future study. Methods: Bone marrow was collected from porcine ilium (n = 5). Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated by density centrifugation and were induced to differentiate into EPCs in vitro. The influences of different cell inoculation densities (2 × 103/cm2, 5 × 103/cm2, 1 × 104/cm2, and 2 × 104/cm2), basic medium (EGM, medium 199, and DMEM), FBS (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%), and combinations of cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]+ basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF], VEGF+stromal-derived factor [SDF], VEGF+bFGF+SDF, VEGF+bFGF+ insulin-like growth factor [IGF]+ epidermal growth factor [EGF], and VEGF+bFGF+SDF+IGF) on the proliferation and migration of EPCs were evaluated. EPCs were identified by morphology observation, fluorescent staining, and immunohistochemical method. Results: EPCs with the highest proliferation and migration ability were obtained under following condition: at a density of 1 × 104/cm 2 in M199 medium supplemented with 10% FBS and VEGF+bFGF+SDF+IGF. Furthermore, the percentage of double positive cells stained by Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1 was higher than 76%, and these cells were also positively stained for CD133, CD34 and KDR immunohistochemically. Conclusion: Optimization of in vitro culture condition of porcine EPCs can increase the cell amount and improve their functions, paving a way for future related studies.

Objective: To compare the functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) differentiated from cryopreserved and fresh bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs). Methods: The bone marrow samples were taken from swine iliac bones. The isolated MNCs were cultured or cryopreserved at -80°C for 3 months and then cultured again. The P1-EPCs were identifed by Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1 double staining, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The EPC pick-up rate, migration, adhesion, and proliferation abilities were compared between the cryopreserved group and the fresh group. Results: Immunohistochemisty showed that the P1-EPCs of the cryopreserved group were positive for CD133 (+), CD34 (+), CD31 (++) and KDR (++); flow cytometry also showed they were positive for CD133 ([17.24 ± 3.12]%), CD34 ([37.21 ± 10.85]%), CD31 ([72.07±13.34]%) and KDR ([89.09±16.40]%). There were no significant differences in the pick-up rates ([1.1±0.078]% vs [1.03±0.061]%, P = 0.054), migration rates ([15±0.71]% vs [14.2±0.63]%, P = 0.17), adherence rates ([42.7±2.1]% vs [39.5±1.7]%, P = 0.11), and proliferation abilities ([25.06±2.82] × 104 vs [21.64± 2.34]×104, P = 0.089) between EPCs of the fresh and cryopreserved groups. Conclusion: Cryopreservation has no measurable influence on the numbers and functions of EPCs differentiated from bone marrow-derived MNCs, so cryopreservation can be used to obtain sufficient homogeneous EPCs in a short period for therapy using EPCs transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical outcomes of locking plate for proximal humeral fracture whether application of inferomedial screws.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to July 2013, 46 patients with proximal humeral fracture underwent locking plates were retrospectively analyzed. There were 25 males and 21 females aged from 29 to 80 years old with an average of 55.1 years old. Among them, 25 patients were treated with inferomedial screws (support group), including 13 males and 12 females aged from 38 to 80 years old with an average of (55.8 ± 11.8) years old; 8 cases were part two fracture,10 cases were part three fracture and 7 cases were part four fracture according to Neer classification. Twenty-one patients were treated without inferomedial screws (non-support group), including 12 males and 9 females aged from 29 to 79 years old with an average of (54.2 ± 14.8)years old; 6 cases were part two fracture, 9 cases were part three fracture and 6 cases were part four fracture according to Neer classification. Operative time, fracture healing time and complications were observed and compared, Neer scoring of shoulder joint were used to evaluate clinical effect.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 41 months with an average of 15.6 months. Operative time and fracture healing time in support group was (1.6 ± 0.4) h and (3.0 ± 0.6) months, and (1.5 ± 0.4) h and (3.1 ± 0.6) months in non-support group, while there was no statistical difference in operative time and fracture healing time between two groups. There was significant differences in Neer score between support group (89.7± 4.9) and non-support group (83.1 ± 7.1). No complication occurred in support group,while 4 cases occurred complications in non-support group.

CONCLUSIONLocking plate with inferomedial screws for proximal humeral fracture has advantages of stable fixation, less complications, quick recovery of function and satisfied clinical effect.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect and mechanisim of zoledronate sodium on periprosthetic osteolysis in rat induced by polyethylene particles.

METHODSTotal 30 adult male SD rats, weighting from 250 to 300 g, were selected and randomly divided into three groups: blank control group, model control group and zoledronate sodium group respectively, 10 animals for each group. No treatment was performed in the blank control group. In model control group and zoledronate sodium group, the modle of periprosthetic osteolysis in rats were made by implanting polyethylene particles and titanium rods into their right femurs. After operation, rats in zoledronate sodium group were administered with zoledronate sodium (0.1 mg/kg each week) through subcutaneous injection for 8 weeks, then the blood was obtained and all experimental animals were sacrificed to get the right femur specimens. The femur BMD, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, serum TRACP5b and CTX-I were detected.

RESULTSCompared with the model control group, the femur BMD was increased, while IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were all decreased in zoledronate sodium group; the serum TRACP5b and CTX-I level were both reduced in zoledronate sodium group.

CONCLUSIONThe zoledronate sodium could effectively inhibit periprosthetic osteolysis in rats induced by polyethylene particles, which might be realized by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts and the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. It provides a new method to treat periprosthetic osteolysis of the artificial joint prosthesis.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Collagen Type I ; analysis ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Diphosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Imidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Joint Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteolysis ; drug therapy ; Peptides ; analysis ; Polyethylene ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Background Corneal contact lens have been widely used in vitrectomy.The corneal ring accompanying with the contact lens therefore is also much concerned.We designed a sutureless silicone corneal ring to renew a suturing?ring,but its detection of physicochemical properties and hiocompatihility is necessary for clinical application. Objective This study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the newly designed sutureless silicone corneal ring. Methods The Shore hardness,tensile stress-strain tests,tear strength,transmittance and the haze of the novel silicone ring were tested.The bioeompatibility of sutureless silicone corneal ring to corneal epithelial cells was evaluated by determining cytotoxieity.The ring was implanted into the counjunctival soc of 6 Japanese white rabbits for 4 hours to determine its stimulation response by measuring the area of corneal fluorescence staining,and then the ring was placed on the skin surface of 6 SD rats for 4 hours to assess the presence of allergic reaction by calculating the swelling area of skin. Results The new sutureless silicone corneal ring showed good physiological features with a Shore hardness of 63.4 degree,tensile strength more than 5.86 MPa,elongation＞100%and tear strength 34 kN/m.The transmittance of 3 legs in the ring was more than 93%;however,the haze was less than 0.1%.Cytotoxicity of the ring was 3.1 1×10-6%.No obvious corneal fluorescence staining was seen at any time point in all the rabbit eyes in the stimulating test.Furthermore,there was not any skin swelling in various time points in all the SD rats in the allergy test. Conclusion The physicochemical properties of the silastic used in our newly designed sutureless silicone cornea ring can meet the demands of the ring.The biological evaluation complies with the ISO i0993-1 international standards and meets the demands of the organism.Thus,it is all ideal material to use in constructing the corneal ring.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; immunology ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; immunology ; pathology ; Epoxy Resins ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; immunology ; Plastic Embedding ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct Assay (MTD) for rapid detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis rRNA and Multi-locus PCR for M.bovis BCG strain typing in patients with suspected extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods From June 2010 to December 2011,47 children and 75 adult patients with suspected extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Shanghai public health clinical center were recruited.Also 48 non-tuberculosis patients were taken as a negative control.Clinical specimens from these patients were collected.Acid fast stain,solid culture,liquid culture,and MTD were used to detect all clinical specimens simultaneously.Screen tuberculosis strains of the culture isolates by MPT64 antigen assay and use Multi-locus PCR for the BCG strain genotyping of the isolates without MPT64 antigen.SPSS16.0 was used to analyse the results.Results The sensitivity for acid fast stain,solid culture,liquid culture and MTD test was 10.7％ (13/122),11.5％ (14/122),16.4％ (20/122) and 37.7％ (46/122),respectively.And the specificity of MTD was 100.0％.Six clinical isolates from children were identified as BCG by Multi-locus PCR typing,the same with chemical tests.Conclusions The MTD assay and the MGIT960 liquid culture are effective and reliable method for diagnosing extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.And Multi-locus PCR can be assisted for the early diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients with suspected BCG infection.