Severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)is caused by a new type of coronaviruses.The structure,pathogenicity,resistance of SARS-CoV and the current status and shortage of laboratory diagnosis for SARS was reviewed in this literature.

Natamycin is a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic ,which is wide ly used in the food industry in order to prevent mould contamination .Biosynthe s is gene cluster of natamycin is discovered by the overall of progress in molecul ar biology of natamycin, including 16 open reading frames which includes the gen e for 26-member ring formation of natamycin (pimS0-pimS4 ) and the modifying gene s, and the function of the protein including polyketide synthases(PKSs)、PimD、P imJ、PimK were studied

Adolescent ; Humans ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical outcomes of locking plate for proximal humeral fracture whether application of inferomedial screws.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to July 2013, 46 patients with proximal humeral fracture underwent locking plates were retrospectively analyzed. There were 25 males and 21 females aged from 29 to 80 years old with an average of 55.1 years old. Among them, 25 patients were treated with inferomedial screws (support group), including 13 males and 12 females aged from 38 to 80 years old with an average of (55.8 ± 11.8) years old; 8 cases were part two fracture,10 cases were part three fracture and 7 cases were part four fracture according to Neer classification. Twenty-one patients were treated without inferomedial screws (non-support group), including 12 males and 9 females aged from 29 to 79 years old with an average of (54.2 ± 14.8)years old; 6 cases were part two fracture, 9 cases were part three fracture and 6 cases were part four fracture according to Neer classification. Operative time, fracture healing time and complications were observed and compared, Neer scoring of shoulder joint were used to evaluate clinical effect.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 41 months with an average of 15.6 months. Operative time and fracture healing time in support group was (1.6 ± 0.4) h and (3.0 ± 0.6) months, and (1.5 ± 0.4) h and (3.1 ± 0.6) months in non-support group, while there was no statistical difference in operative time and fracture healing time between two groups. There was significant differences in Neer score between support group (89.7± 4.9) and non-support group (83.1 ± 7.1). No complication occurred in support group,while 4 cases occurred complications in non-support group.

CONCLUSIONLocking plate with inferomedial screws for proximal humeral fracture has advantages of stable fixation, less complications, quick recovery of function and satisfied clinical effect.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To compare the functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) differentiated from cryopreserved and fresh bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs). Methods: The bone marrow samples were taken from swine iliac bones. The isolated MNCs were cultured or cryopreserved at -80°C for 3 months and then cultured again. The P1-EPCs were identifed by Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1 double staining, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The EPC pick-up rate, migration, adhesion, and proliferation abilities were compared between the cryopreserved group and the fresh group. Results: Immunohistochemisty showed that the P1-EPCs of the cryopreserved group were positive for CD133 (+), CD34 (+), CD31 (++) and KDR (++); flow cytometry also showed they were positive for CD133 ([17.24 ± 3.12]%), CD34 ([37.21 ± 10.85]%), CD31 ([72.07±13.34]%) and KDR ([89.09±16.40]%). There were no significant differences in the pick-up rates ([1.1±0.078]% vs [1.03±0.061]%, P = 0.054), migration rates ([15±0.71]% vs [14.2±0.63]%, P = 0.17), adherence rates ([42.7±2.1]% vs [39.5±1.7]%, P = 0.11), and proliferation abilities ([25.06±2.82] × 104 vs [21.64± 2.34]×104, P = 0.089) between EPCs of the fresh and cryopreserved groups. Conclusion: Cryopreservation has no measurable influence on the numbers and functions of EPCs differentiated from bone marrow-derived MNCs, so cryopreservation can be used to obtain sufficient homogeneous EPCs in a short period for therapy using EPCs transplantation.

Objective: To optimize the culture condition for porcine bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), so as to lay a foundation for future study. Methods: Bone marrow was collected from porcine ilium (n = 5). Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated by density centrifugation and were induced to differentiate into EPCs in vitro. The influences of different cell inoculation densities (2 × 103/cm2, 5 × 103/cm2, 1 × 104/cm2, and 2 × 104/cm2), basic medium (EGM, medium 199, and DMEM), FBS (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%), and combinations of cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]+ basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF], VEGF+stromal-derived factor [SDF], VEGF+bFGF+SDF, VEGF+bFGF+ insulin-like growth factor [IGF]+ epidermal growth factor [EGF], and VEGF+bFGF+SDF+IGF) on the proliferation and migration of EPCs were evaluated. EPCs were identified by morphology observation, fluorescent staining, and immunohistochemical method. Results: EPCs with the highest proliferation and migration ability were obtained under following condition: at a density of 1 × 104/cm 2 in M199 medium supplemented with 10% FBS and VEGF+bFGF+SDF+IGF. Furthermore, the percentage of double positive cells stained by Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1 was higher than 76%, and these cells were also positively stained for CD133, CD34 and KDR immunohistochemically. Conclusion: Optimization of in vitro culture condition of porcine EPCs can increase the cell amount and improve their functions, paving a way for future related studies.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect and mechanisim of zoledronate sodium on periprosthetic osteolysis in rat induced by polyethylene particles.

METHODSTotal 30 adult male SD rats, weighting from 250 to 300 g, were selected and randomly divided into three groups: blank control group, model control group and zoledronate sodium group respectively, 10 animals for each group. No treatment was performed in the blank control group. In model control group and zoledronate sodium group, the modle of periprosthetic osteolysis in rats were made by implanting polyethylene particles and titanium rods into their right femurs. After operation, rats in zoledronate sodium group were administered with zoledronate sodium (0.1 mg/kg each week) through subcutaneous injection for 8 weeks, then the blood was obtained and all experimental animals were sacrificed to get the right femur specimens. The femur BMD, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, serum TRACP5b and CTX-I were detected.

RESULTSCompared with the model control group, the femur BMD was increased, while IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were all decreased in zoledronate sodium group; the serum TRACP5b and CTX-I level were both reduced in zoledronate sodium group.

CONCLUSIONThe zoledronate sodium could effectively inhibit periprosthetic osteolysis in rats induced by polyethylene particles, which might be realized by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts and the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. It provides a new method to treat periprosthetic osteolysis of the artificial joint prosthesis.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Collagen Type I ; analysis ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Diphosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Imidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Joint Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteolysis ; drug therapy ; Peptides ; analysis ; Polyethylene ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the effect of Neuregulin-1 (NRG) on rat heart failure(HF) after myocardial infarction,and to investigate the underlying mechanism involving in NRG-mediated cardioprotection.Methods 60 adult Wister rats underwent sham operation (n=12) or coronary ligation (n=48) to induce HF.Four weeks after ligation,28 animals with HF were randomly divided into NRG group (rats received rhNRG-1 10 μg · kg-1 · d-1 intravenously for 10 days) or HF group (rats received an equal volume of water intravenously for 10 days).Left ventricular function was detected by echocardiography.Mitochondrial ultrastructure in non-infarcted myocardium was observed by transmission electronic microscopy.Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by immunofluorescence method.Caspase-3 activity was determined by commercial kit.The expression of cytochrome C protein in cytoplasm was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with HF group,the left ventricular end-systolic diameter was decreased,and left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening were increased in NRG group (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Apoptosis index was reduced inNRG group as compared with HFgroup [(18.1±3.0)％ vs.(11.9±1.4)％,P＜0.01].Mitochondrial membrane potential was increased and the release of cytochrome c in cytoplasm was reduced in NRG group as compared with HF group [(249.8±7.4) mV vs.(222.2±7.5) mV,(0.356±0.024) vs.(0.664±0.085),both P＜0.01].Caspase-3 activity was decreased in NRG group as compared with HF group (P＜0.01).Conclusions NRG attenuats mitochondrial stress and inhibits myocardial cells apoptosis in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction,which may play an important role in the cardioprotection by NRG.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of allogeneic natural killer(NK) cells on subcutaneously transplanted human multi-drug resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells(CNE2/DDP) in BALB/c nude mice.Methods:Human leucocyte antigen(HLA) genotypes of CNE2/DDP cells and the genotypes of inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor(KIR) in NK cells(isolated from 3 healthy persons by immuno-magnetic microbead technique) were analyzed by PCR-SSP.Twelve BALB/c nude mice were evenly divided into 2 groups:the control group and the treatment group.Mice in the treatment group were injected subcutaneously with 1?106 CNE2/DDP cells together with 3?107 NK cells via the tail veins;mice in the control group were injected with 1?106 CNE2/DDP cells subcutaneously.The tumor formation time,tumor formation rate and changes of tumor size were observed.Three weeks after tumor formation,all the mice were killed and human NK cells in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry;the tumors were weighed and the tumor inhibitory rates were calculated.Results:The HLA genotypes of CNE2/DDPcells were A2,24,B18,35,Cw4,and 7;the KIR genotypes of the 3 healthy persons were KIR2DL1,KIR2DL3,KIR3DL1,and KIR3DL2.There were mismatches between the KIRs expressed in NK cells and HLA class Ⅰ molecules expressed in the CNE2/DDP cells.NK cells obviously inhibited the growth of CNE2/DDP xenograft in nude mice.The tumor formation periods of control group and NK cell group were(17.17?1.17) d and(24.83?1.47) d,respectively(P

AIM: To approach the antiobesity action and mechanisms of the daidzein derivative: LRXH609(LRX).METHODS: The body weight,Lee′s index,total weight of celiac fat tissue,food intake,serum glucose and lipids in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet were measured and the antiobesity action was tested after LRX was administered for 30 days.3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were induced by in vitro culture,the effects of LRX on cell proliferation,lipogenesis,lipolysis were observed.RESULTS: The body weight,Lee′s index,fat tissue weight in obese rats were significantly decreased by LRX,and the concentrations of TC,FFA in serum were decreased,the proliferation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes was inhibited,the activities of hormone sensitive lipase in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were significantly elevated,the glycerine release from adipocytes was promoted and the concentrations of TG in adipocytes were decreased.CONCLUSION: LRX plays a role in antiobesity action and regulating blood lipid and the mechanism might be related to inhibiting proliferation and differentiation of pre-adipocytes,stimulating TG decomposition by activating hormone-sensitive lipase and decreasing the TG storage in adipocyte.