Objective To investigate the influence of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) knock-down on cell proliferation and apoptosis in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901.Methods The mRNA levels of COX-2 in SGC7901 and gastric epithelium cells (GES) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays.The influence of COX-2 on the proliferation and apoptosis of cell line SGC7901 was evaluated with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) assay.Results qRT-PCR assay indicated that the mRNA level of COX-2 in SGC7901 was significantly higher than that in GES (P ＜ 0.01).MTT and FACS assays showed that the proliferation was reversed by COX-2 knock-down in SGC7901 cells.Up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 can inhibit the expression of COX-2.Conclusions COX-2 could contribute to the proliferation of gastric cancer cell line SGC7901.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of4major caffeine metabolites and to discuss the significance of which in the evaluation of the activity of drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP1A2.METHODS:The caffeine metabolites in the urine like5-acetylamino-6-formamido-3-methyluric acid(AFMU),1-methyluric acid(1U),1-methylxanthine(1X)and1,7-dimethyluricacid(17U)were determined by RP-HPLC gradient elution method,the ratios of metabolins(AFMU+1X+1U)/17U was calculated,the frequency distribution histogram was drawn and the activity of CYP1A2was evaluated.RESULTS:The mean value of the ratio of the metabolins in the subjects was4.27,which was in normal distribution.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate and rapid,which is suitable for the determination of caffeine metabolites in urine and the study of the activities of CYP1A2.

0 05); the increased degree of only AST activity reduced in PE group(P

ObjectiveTo observe the e ff ect of NO precursor or/and NOS inhibitor on the survival of acute liver failure( ALF) rats.MethodsModel of ALF rat was established by resecting 90% of the rat liver and the effect of NO prec ursor or/and NOS inhibitor was observed.Resu ltsAdministration of NO precursor significantly improved the liver, lung, kidney and bowel function. The rats′ survival rate at 24 h, and 72 h increased significantly, whereas NOS inhibitor deteriorated fu nctions of important organs(P

Objective　To study the viability and histological change of encapsulated rat hepatocytes after being transplanted into abdominal cavity of rat. Methods　The two-step collagenase perfusing method was used to separate hepatocytes from Wistar rat liver. The separated hepatocytes were purified with Percoll density gradient centrifugation and encapsulated by the alginate-barium method. Then the purified hepatocytes were transplanted into abdominal cavity of SD rats (group 1) and the encapsulated hepatocytes were transplanted into abdominal cavity of SD rats (group 2) and Wistar rats (group 3). At different time points post-transplantation, trypan blue stain exclusion was used to determine the viability of recovered hepatocytes. The histological changes of transplanted microencapsulated hepatocytes was examined using HE stain. Results　Twenty-four h after transplantation, the viability of hepatocytes between group 1 and group 2 showed significant difference (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3 (P>0.05). At day 4 and day 7 after transplantation, the viability of hepatocytes showed significant difference between group 1 and group 2, and group 2 and group 3 (P<0.01). At day 14 after transplantation, no significant difference was found in the viability of hepatocytes between group 2 and group 3 (P>0.05). From day 4 post-transplantation, fibrosis overgrowth was found around some microencapsules, and it was more obvious in group 2 than in group 3. Conclusions　 Microencapsulation can provide protection to transplanted hepatocytes from host immunorejection, and thus increase the viability of hepatocytes post transplantation. The existence of inadequately encapsulated microencapsule cause the fibrosis overgrowth around these capsules, resulting in ischemia and subsequent necrosis of the hepatocytes and decreasing hepatocyte viability.

Objective To investigate the timing of endoscopic treatment for acute cholangitis of severe type(ACST) accompanying multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods On the basis of routine medical measures,such as oxygen inhalation and antishock treatment,9 patients with ACST accompanying MODS were given endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST),or endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(ENBD) after needle electrode fenestration and stone removal with basket,or endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage(ERBD) with internal stent.Results The endoscopic treatment was successfully accomplished within 35 min in all the 9 patients.Seven patients at stage 1~2 of MODS rehabilitated at 1~2 weeks after treatment,while 2 patients at stage 3 of MODS died in 2 weeks.Conclusions Endoscopic treatment should be applied to patients with ACST at stage 1~2 of MODS as early as possible.For patients with ACST at stage 3~4 of MODS,however,emphasis should be laid on the prevention of organ failure and the reversion of organ functions.

Objective To observe the Pin1 expression pattern in skin and to establish an inducible skin specific Pin1 overexpression mouse model. Methods The mouse Pin1 gene was cloned into modified vector pTRE2 with C?terminal Myc tag. The linearized pTRE2?Pin1 DNA was micro?injected into one?cell embryos followed by implantation into foster mice to produce TRE?Pin1 transgenic mice. Results TRE?Pin1 transgenic founder mice were successfully created. These mice were crossed with transgenic tool mice K14?rtTA to create epithelial specific double transgenic progenies. Pin1 gene was induced by incorporating doxycycline into drinking water of the mice. Pin1 protein overexpression in the skin was con?firmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The endogenous Pin1 protein was predominantly expressed in epidermal cells in the skin. Conclusions The inducible skin specific Pin1 overexpression mouse model is successfully established which may serve as a useful model for further study of Pin1 functions in the skin.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm(RAAA).Methods Twelve patients with RAAA treated in past 7 years were revienled retrospectively.The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain and / or back pain,low blood pressure or shock,and pulsating abdominal mass.All cases were accurately diagnosed with CT and 7 were treated by conventional operation,one by EVAR,and the other 4 did not receive surgical treatment.Results Perioperative death occurred in 5 cases(mortality rate was 62.5%) in 8 surgical treated patients,including circulatory failure in 2 cases,renal failure in 1 case,and multiple organ failure in 2 cases.All the 4 patients treated with nonoperative method were dead.Conclusions Surgical operation in RAAA cases still carried a high mortality.Early dignosis,appropriate resuscitation,urgent surgical repair,reduction of operative time,and infrarenal clamping are measures conducive to lowering the mortality rate of RAAA.EVAR has the potential to reduce the mortality rate from RAAA.

Objective To evaluate the influence of integrated-CT artifacts on attenuation-corrected (AC) images of SPECT bone imaging. Methods Imaging documents of 78 patients who underwent SPECT/CT bone imaging were retrospectively analyzed, and the artifacts on CT images and CT attenuation maps were visually studied. Compared with the non-attenuation corrected (NC) images, the coefficient of variation (CV) and percentage difference (PD) of radioactive count of regional bone influenced by CT artifacts were calculated and statistically analyzed to estimate the influence of CT artifacts on AC images of SPECT bone imaging. Results The integrated-CT artifacts were found in 38 patients of 78, and appeared the same image findings as those on CT attenuation maps respectively, including truncation artifact, thoraco-abdominal gas artifact, photon starvation artifact, etc. On all the AC images with integrated-CT artifacts, regional bones were influenced not only on uniformity (CVAC 17.62%±4.13%, CVNC 11.19%±3.81%;t=2.13, P<0.05), but also by the distribution (PDAC 16.98%±3.31%, PDNC 9.84%±1.62%;t=2.46, P<0.05) of radioactive count. Conclusion Artifacts on integrated-CT images can induce false AC information on CT attenuation maps, therefore, a comparative analysis with NC images is recommended if necessary.

Objective To investigate the expressions of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and transcription factor forkhead box P3(FOXP3)in gallbladder adenocarcinoma; and to evaluate the relationship between the expressions of IDO and FOXP3 protein,and clinicopathology and lymph node metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma.Methods The expressions of IDO and FOXP3 in 51 cases of primary gallbladder cancer,90 cases of chronic cholecystitis,and 20 cases of normal gallbladder tissues were studied by immunohistochemical staining. Results The positive expression rates of IDO and FOXP3 in gallbladder carcinoma were 72.5％ (37/51) and 60.8％ (31/51),in normal gallbladder mucosa were 5％ (1/20) and 20.0％ (4/20),in cholecystitis and gallstone were 11.1％ (10/90) and 32.2％ (29/90),respectively.There were significant differences among the three groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P＜0.01).The positive expression rates of IDO and FOXP3 were 7.1％ and 14.3％ for simple hyperplasia,17.7％ and 35.3％ for atypical hyperplasia,40％ and 35％ for gallbladder carcinoma (stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ),and 77.4％ and 64.5％ for gallbladder carcinoma (stages Ⅳ-Ⅴ ).There were significant differences among the four groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P＜0.01).There were significant differences among the Nevin stage groups,lymph node metastasis group and gallbladder stone in IDO and FOXP3 expressions.However,there were no significant differences among the sex groups and the age groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P＞0.05).In gallbladder carcinoma,the expression of IDO had a positive correlation with FOXP3 expression in lymphocyte (γ=0.406,P=0.003).Conclusion In gallbladder cancer,a high-expression of IDO and an expression of FOXP3 in lymphocyte are closely related with immune tolerance of gallbladder carcinoma.The results provide a reference for clinical use of immunotherapy in gallbladder cancer.