OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte apoptosis gene in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with cold dampness type (CDT), and to explore its correlation with clinical indicators of RA.

METHODSSixteen RA patients with CDT (as the RA group) and 16 healthy subjects (as the normal control group) were recruited. CD4 T cell apoptosis rate was detected in the RA group and the normal control group using FCM. mRNA expressions of fas, fasL, caspase-3, caspase-8, bcl-2, and bax were detected using RT-PCR. Correlations between the expression of apoptosis gene and clinical activity indicators of RA (ESR, CRP, RF, CCP, integrals for Chinese medial symptoms, morning stiffness time, joint tenderness number, joint swelling number, DAS28-3) were analyzed.

RESULTSThe apoptosis rate of CD4+ T was significantly lower in the RA group than in the control group [(2. 6 +/- 0.9) % vs. (7.7 +/- 1.3) %, P < 0.01]. mRNA expression levels of fas, fasL, caspase-8, caspase-3, and bax mRNA of CD4+ T significantly decreased, but bcl-2 mRNA expression increased in the RA group (P < 0.01). The apoptosis rate of CD4+ T was negatively correlated with ESR (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of caspase-8 was negatively correlated with joint swelling number (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of bcl-2 was negatively correlated with integrals for Chinese medial-symptoms and joint function classification (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONApoptosis obstacle exists in peripheral blood CD4 +T lymphocyte of RA patients, and is closely related to disease activity.

Apoptosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Fas Ligand Protein ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger

Objective To explore the complications of augmentation mammoplasty by polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAHG) injection and their management.Methods Preoperatively,174 patients underwent breast ultrasound image,and some patients received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to ascertain the distribution of injected PAHG.We used the periareolar incision and dissection extended to the subcutaneous tissue,mammary gland,and subgland space.We were able to suck most of the gel by the negative pressure machine and remove the abnormal breast tissue.The secondary breast deformity was repaired with subpectoral placement of silicone mammary implants (48 cases immediately,39 cases secondarily after 3-6 months) according to the individual situation.Results Following-up for 3 to 6 months,most of their symptoms were relieved after removal of the polyacrylamide hydrogel.In the patients who were performed with the implants augmentation mammoplasty,77 cases gained satisfactory results on the shape and texture of the breast (44.3％),and 10 cases were not satisfied with texture of the breast (5.7％).79 cases appeared breast atrophy or flat chest (45.4％).The severe breast deformities occurred in 8 cases (4.6％).Conclusions PAHG should be removed with surgical operation as soon as possible.The open operative technique via periareolar incisions may be a better method for the patients.The breast reconstruction is performed with implants prosthesis for those who are suitable and willing after removal of PAHG.

Objective To explore the methods and significance of section of multiple fibroadeno mas of breast with better incision.Methods From may 2005 to December 2014,21 cases were per formed by removing multiple fibroadenomas of breast with a new incision.Preoperatively,the diag nostic work-up included clinical examination,breast ultrasonography and/or mammography.A new approach,for removing of multiple fibroadenomas of the breast with the incision in periareolar site,was used in our hospital.All palpable breast lumps were excised with this approach through which the fibroadenomas were removed as a whole unit.Then,the breast cavity were irrigated with normal saline solution,and strict haemostasis of the bed was done by electrocautery.If the resulted cavity was larger,interrupted sutures should be performed with the absorbable stitches;otherwise,it was unnecessary.The skin wound was sutured to the deepithelialized area with Vicryl 5-0 (Ethicon).Results There were 21 cases,who underwent surgery using the described technique through which 95 lumps (0.5 cm× 0.5 cm-6.0 cm× 5.0 cm) were removed and included in the study.All patients' resected tumor specimens were pathologically confirmed as fibroadenoma.No major complications were encountered in any of the patients.The incision was well concealed by the dome of the nipple and the areolar pigmented and corrugated skin.Both doctors and patients were satisfied with postoperative aesthetic effect of the incision scar.Conclusions The incision in periareolar site for excision of multiple fibroadenomatas results in minimal scarring and a better appearance than that can be achieved with traditional methods.This technique,which can improve the aesthetic outcome of breast surgery,should be performed when feasible.

Objective To analyze the cause of delayed hemorrhage after minimally invasive percu- taneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL),and to summarize the experience in the interventional treatment of severe bleeding after MPCNL by superselective arteriolar embolization.Methods The clinical data of 3812 cases of MPCNL from June 1998 to July 2004 were reviewed.Of them,12 patients(11 men and 1 woman;mean age,45 years)who developed severe hemorrhage after MPCNL were identified.The cause of hemorrhage and the treatment results were analyzed.Results The rate of delayed hemorrhage after MPCNL was 0.31% (12/3812).The mean time to onset of severe bleeding was 10 d after MPCNL.Renal arteriography was per- formed in all 12 patients,showing 5 arteriovenous fistulas and 7 false aneurysms.Superselective arteriolar em- bolization for hemostasis was performed in all 12 cases.All these vascular abnormalities were successfully treated by superselective embolization.Follow-up showed that the hematuria disappeared and renal function recovered well.Conclusions Severe hemorrhage following MPCNL is a rare complication,the incidence of which is significantly lower than that of conventional PCNL.The cause is mainly the arteriolar injury of re- nal puncture passage.Superselective embolization provides effective control of bleeding and currently consti- tutes the treatment of choice based on our experience.

China ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data

China ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; Rural Population ; Sampling Studies ; Transients and Migrants

Objective To determine the effect of individualized oral hygiene instruction (OHI) on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) level in mouth air of patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods The individualized oral hygiene instruction was provided for 31 patients with chronic periedontitis (Organoleptic score was over two points).The VSCs and plaque index (PLI) were evaluated pre-OHI and post-OHI.Results The score of PLI decreased from 3.09±0.44 to 2.63±0.46 significandy (P<0.05).The organoleptic score (OS) decreased from 2.68±0.70 to 2.35±0.75 significandy (P<0.05).While there was no significant difference on the VSCs level pre-OHI and post-OHI (P<0.05).Conclusions Individualized oral hygiene instruction is helpful to remove plaque and improve oral hygiene.But the effect of OHI on VSCs level in mouth air is limited.

BACKGROUND: Human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is a kind of cytokine which can stimulate the differentiation and proliferation of haematopoictic precursor cells and plays an important role in the process of immunoloregulation. Escherichia coli (E.coli) expression system has advantages,such as low cost and high output, over other systems.Therefore, E.coli is still the most commonly used exogenous gene expression system.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of hGM-CSF in the E.coli swain DH5α.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The present observational experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Biotechnology Research,China Three Gorges University between February and June 2007. MATERIALS: Plasmid pBR322hGM-CSF was purchased from American Type Culture Collection, USA.hGM-CSF antibody was sourced from Sigma Company, USA.IPTG, X-gal,and vector pMGT-18 were purchased from Shanghai Bioengineering Technology Company, China. METHODS: Primer was designed according to hGM-CSF gene. Taking cloning vector plasmid pBR322-hGM-CSF as template, hGM-CSF gene was acquired and recombined into prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-1. Recombinant plasmid confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing was transformed into E.coli strain DH5α and induced by isopropy-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG). Expression product was identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE) and detected by Western blotting assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: hGM-CSF expression in the E.coli strain DH5α. RESULTS: SDS-PAGE results revealed that the recombinant hGM-CSF protein with relative molecular weight of 40 500 was produced up to approximately 17.9% of total protein. Western blotting detection results indicated that there was a 40 500 bp brand. CONCLUSION: The present study reconstructed prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-hGM-CSF, induced its expression in the E.coli strain DH5α, and obtained hGM-CSF fusion protein.

Objective To explore the effect of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] on proliferation and secretion in cultured rat's glo-merular mesangial cells(GMC) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Methods GMC in logarithmic growth phase were in-cubated, and then were divided into 4 groups: control, Ang-(1-7), TGF-β1,and TGF-β1 + Ang-(1-7) group. Cell numbers of rat's GMC were detected by WST-1. Laminin(LN) and collagenlV (ColⅣ) mRNA expressions in GMC were analyzed by RT-PCR. The secretion of LN and ColⅣ in culture medium of rat's GMC was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Ang-(1-7) significantly inhibited basal and TGF-β1-induced proliferation of cultured glomerular mesangial cells. Ang-(1-7) significantly down-regulated LN and Col Ⅳ mRNA expressions in glomerular mesangial cells and also inhibited the secretion of LN and ColⅣ induced by TGF-β1(P <0. 05). Conclusions Ang-(1-7) can inhibit basal and TGF-β1-induced proliferation, and inhibit ECM secretion of cultured rats glomerular mesangial cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin-(1-7) on the expression of cellular c-fos in angiotensin II -induced proliferative glomerular mesangial cells (GMC). Methods GMC were treated with angiotensin II and different dose of angiotensin-(1-7). GMC number were evaluated by crystal violet staining and the expression of c-foe were detected by western blot. Results Angiotensin-(1-7) inhibit angiotensin II -induced GMC proliferation as well as the expression c-foe in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion c-fos is involved in the inhibiting effects of angiotensin-(1-7) on angiotensin II -induced GMC proliferation.