Objective To develop a sensitive, safe and quick method for determination of ammonia in the air. Methods The air samples collected with multi-hole absorbing tubes were determined by ion chromatography after sampling. Results The recovery rates, precision (relative standard deviation) and detection limit were 97.6%-99.8%, 1.08%-2.93% and 0.05 ?g/ml,respectively. There was no significant difference between this method and chemical method. Conclusion The method is simple, quick, sensitive and suitable for determination of ammonia in the air.

As a highly efficient protein degradation pathway,ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS) plays an important role in maintaining cell function.The role of UPS is becoming a new research focus in molecular mechanism of cognitive function.UPS mainly acts on neurotrans mitter and its receptor,synaptic reguIation,long-term potentiation of postsynaptic poteraiais and neuronal signal transduction,and it may become a new target for the intervention of cognitive dysfunction.

AIM: To study the clinical curative effect of 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy for cataract and vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 92 patients (99 eyes),including 49 male (53 eyes),43 female (46 eyes) with mean age was 57.1±1.9 years,in our hospital for cataract and vitreoretinal treatment of the disease from February 2013 to February 2016.All patients underwent 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy.Curative effect and complications were observed.RESULTS: Combined surgical procedures were carried out smoothly.posterior capsule rupture did not occurred.seven eyes were filled with BSS fluid,46 eyes with C3F8,49 eyes with intraocular lens at phase Ⅰ,21 eyes placed intraocular lens when silicone oil was removed.The visual acuity improved in 84 eyes (85%),unchaged in 15 eyes (15%).Postoperative complications included transient high intraocular pressure in 18 eyes (18%),anterior chamber reaction in 7 eyes (7%) and corneal edema in 8 eyes (8%).CONCLUSION: The 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy is a safe and effective surgical method with less injury,fewer complications.

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Polyamines ; analysis ; Workplace

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography ; methods ; Ions ; analysis ; Metals, Alkali ; analysis ; Workplace

Hydrogen Peroxide ; analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrophotometry ; methods ; Titanium ; Workplace

Objective To compare the dosimetric differences of the targets and organs at risk (OARs) for early stage breast cancer patients receiving intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with supine or prone setups after breast conserving surgery.Methods After breast conserving surgery,15 left breast cancer patients with large and pendulous breasts were selected.Their planning CT images were acquired with supine and prone orientations respectively,based on which IMRT plans of 2 tangential fields were developed using the same optimization parameters.Treatment plans of the two setups were evaluated by comparing the target dose distribution,the doses and irradiated volumes of the heart,left lung,and right breast,and the monitor units (MUs).Results Superior conformal index (CI) was observed in the plans of prone setup than the supine cases (0.79 ± 0.05 vs.0.72 ± 0.04,W =138,P ＜ 0.01).The homogeneity index (HI) of prone positioning was also better than that of supine setup (1.09 ±0.01 vs.1.12 ± 0.02,t =-4.7,P ＜0.01).The planning target volume (PTV) receiving 95％ of prescribed dose (V95％),and the minimum doses (Dmin) of the prone cases were significantly higher than the supine patients (t =7.1,6.4,P＜0.01).Higher mean doses (D) were observed in prone cases (W=153,P＜0.01).The maximum doses (Dmax) of the supine plans were lower than the prone cases (t =-3.6,P ＜0.01).The right breast volumes receiving 5 Gy doses or higher (V5) were less in the supine cases than the prone plans (W=160,P ＜0.01).The heart volumes received no less than 30 Gy (V30),D of the heart,and the left lung volumes received higher than 20 Gy or 5 Gy (V20,V5) of the supine plans were significantly higher than the prone cases (W =133,120,120,P ＜0.01).No significant difference was observed on the MUs.Conclusions For cancer patients with large and pendulous breasts receiving IMRT after breast conserving surgery,prone setup leads to better homogeneity of target dose distribution,and reduces the doses and irradiated volumes of the heart and lungs.

Objective To investigate the value of low positive AFP level for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)when a space occuping lesion was already identified in the liver.Methods The AFP level of 401 HCC cases from January 1999 to October 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results 22 cases of small liver cancer underwent reducing surgical resection in our hospital,increasing the quality of life and prolonging survival rate.Con- clusion(1)The AFP level between 20 and 200?g/L is of diagnostic for HCC when a SOL is identified.(2)The clinical reference diagnostic criteria using AFP level more than 20?g/L,instead of more than 200?g/L is helpful for the diagnosis.(3)Combined diagnosis of AFP level more than 20?g/L and ultrasonography or CT scanning yields higher sensitivity and specificity th.an traditional,diagnostic criteria.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for loop ligation in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods From April 2004 to December 2006,90 consecutive cases of spontaneous pneumothorax were subjected to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries for loop ligation in our department.The pulmonary bullae of the patients(

Objective To evaluate the value of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS)for penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries.Methods Under general anaesthesia and double-lumen tracheal intubation,VATS was carried out to examine patients with chest injuries.Those who had mild injuries received VATS combined with mini-incision surgery.Electrocoagulation or suturing was employed to control intraoperative bleeding,and then blood clots were removed.Injured diaphragm muscles were repaired,and organs with hemorrhage or ruptures were sutured or resected.The seriously injured cases underwent open surgery and intra-abdominal exploration instead.Results A total of 18 patients received the operations.Among them,15 patients underwent VATS combined with mini-incision surgery(repair of the diaphragm was performed on 15,controlling intercostal arterial bleeding on 8,repair of the lung on 2,wedge resection of the lung on 2,and coagulated hemothorax removal on 2),the other 3 were converted to open surgery for repairing the diaphragm(3),heart(1),or esophagus(1),or lobectomy(2).Abdominal surgery via the thorax were performed on 13 cases,including repair of the liver in 1,lienectomy in 1,gastrorrhaphy in 1,repair of diaphragmatic hernia in 3,and intra-abdominal exploration in 7.Five patients received open surgery(pancreatic neoplasty in 1,repair of the liver in 1,lienectomy in 1,gastrorrhaphy in 2,and repair of the caul and mesenterium in 3).One patient who had multi-organ penetrating injuries died of hemorrhagic shock,circulatory failure,and DIC after open thoracic and abdominal surgeries.The mean operation time in this series was(125?44)minutes(ranged from 45 to 220),and the mean blood loss was(1089?582)ml(500 to 10 000 ml).Twenty-four hours after the operation,the mean volume of chest drainage was(234?75)ml(100 to 350 ml)in the first 24 hours after the operation.The chest drainage tube was withdrawn 2.5(2 to 5)days postoperation.The patients expelled gas in 1 to 4 days(mean,2 days).Totally,12 patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months(mean,6 months),during which none of them had trauma-related complications.Conclusion VATS combined with mini-incision surgery is safe and effective for patients with thoracoabdominal injuries,if the cases were carefully selected.