The ICR(Institute of Cancer Research)mouse infection model was constructed to study the pathogenicity of Sal-monella Telelkebir serotype,and the pathogenic identification of mouse isolates was carried out.Observe the bacterial excretion cycle,evaluate the pathogenicity of Salmonella serotype to mice,and calculate the LD50 by the changes in clinical characteris-tics,histopathology and tissue bacterial load of infected mice;by flight mass spectrometry,biochemical identification,serotype identification,molecular typing and other experiments,compared with human isolates;virulence gene analysis was carried out by PCR experiment and whole genome sequencing.The LD50 of Salmonella Telelkebir is 2.67 × 108 CFU/mL;curling and fluffing may occur 0.5 h after infection;autopsy of dead mice showed that the small intestine was severely congested,with more bubbles and fluid accumulation,cecal necrosis,liver apical degeneration and necrosis,necrotic foci on the surface of the kidney and spleen atrophy;the bacterial load of spleen,kidney,lung,liver and jejunum in mice reached its peak at 3 days after infection,while that of heart at 6 days;the bacterial excretion time of the high-dose group exceeded 100 days;The level of CD3 in tissues increased with increasing dose,with inflammatory cell infiltration,myocardial capillary dilation and hyperemia,large area of vacuoles,degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes,obvious enlargement of splenic sinus,blurred zoning,thickening of glomerular basement membrane,partial exfoliation of ciliated epithelium,atrophy and exfoliation of jejunal villi;PCR and whole genome sequencing revealed Salmonella-related virulence genes such as cdtB,plt A and pltB.This study was the first to successfully establish the ICR mouse model of Salmonella Telelkebir,demonstrating that this serotype of Salmonella has some pathogenicity.

Objective To observe the effects of Xingbi Wenmin Gel on serum levels of IL-4, TGF-β1 and nasal mucosa eosinophils (EOS) in allergic rhinitis (AR) rats; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods Intraperitoneal injection of egg albumin and aluminum hydroxide based sensitized to ovalbumin challenge 2％ local AR model was established successfully. The experimental rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive control group, and Xingbi Gel low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups. Each medication group was given relevant medicine for intervention. The rat symptom scores in each group were compared, and serum IL-4, TGF-β1, and nasal mucosa EOS counts were detected. Results Compared with the normal group, the serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 in model group increased significantly (P<0.01), and the nasal mucosa EOS counts increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 in Xingbi Gel medium-dosage group and positive control group decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the nasal mucosa EOS counts decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Xingbi Wenmin Gel may be effective through down-regulation of IL-4, TGF-β1 levels of inflammatory factors, and reduction of EOS infiltration in nasal mucosa.

Aim To establish human U87-MG glioma model in nude mice brain and to observe the characteristics of the tumor growth. Methods Human U87-MG glioma cells were cultured in vitro. 5 μL of cell suspension containing 3.0 ×1010·L-1, 4.0×1010·L-1and 5.0×1010·L-1respectively was inocula-ted into the right caudate nucleus of 18 male nude mice brain un-der the guidance of stereotaxic apparatus, separately, whereas another 6 nude mice as the control group, were inoculated into the same volume of Hanks solution. The moving and survival state of rats with gliomas were observed. The examinations of the tumors formation, volumes, metastasis and histopathology were performed and the obtained brain samples were stained with HE and immunohistochemistry. Results All the tested rats of dif-ferent inoculation doses developed brain tumors without extracra-nial metastasis. The mean survival time of three groups was (46.50 ± 3.27) d,(38.50 ± 3.28) d and (30.67 ± 3.51) d,respectively. The tumors showed the similar morphological fea-tures and immunophenotype to human glioma. There was positive expression of GFAP and S-100 in the tumors. Conclusions The orthotopic implantation model of human U87-MG glioma, by in-oculating quantitative U87-MG cells stereotaxically into the brains of the nude mice, is successfully established with 100 yield of intracranial tumor and no extracranial growth extension. It resembles the histopathological and morphological features of human glioma,which can be used as a reliable animal model for the study of the tumorigenesis, pathogenesis, biological charac-teristics and therapy of glioma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and XAV939, a specific inhibitor for β-catenin, on growth and apoptosis of mantle cell lymphoma(MCL) Jeko-1 cell line.

METHODSβ-catenin shRNA eukaryotic expression vector was transfected into Jeko-1 cells, the antiproliferative effect of shRNA on Jeko-1 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The proliferation inhibitory rate of Jeko-1 cells treated by different doses of XAV939 was assayed by MTT method; the level of apoptosis of Jeko-1 cells was detected by flow cytometry; the expression levels of apoptosis-related protein BCL-2, BAX, CyclinD1, C-MYC and Caspase-3 in Jeko-1 cells were determined by Western blot.

RESULTSThe expression of β-catenin mRNA and growth of Jeko-1 cell line were inhibited by shRNA; after Jeko-1 cells treated with 0,2 and 8 µmol/L XAV939 for 48 hours, the cell proliferation rate decreased, while the cell apoptosis rate increased, the expressions of apoptosis-related protein BCL-2, CyclinD1 and C-MYC were down-regulated, on the contrary, the expression of BAX and caspase-3 were up-regulated.

CONCLUSIONThe specific inhibition of β-catenin can inhibit Jeko-1 cell proliferation and promote the cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection ; beta Catenin

OBJECTIVEThis study was purposed to detect the expressions of β-catenin and P-GSK-3 β in Wnt signaling pathway of patients with mantle cell lymphoma(MCL), and investigate its relationship with the pathogenesis of MCL.

METHODSThe expression levels of β -catenin protein and P-GSK-3 protein in mantle cell lymphoma and hyperplastic lymphadenitis were detected by using anti-β-catenin, P-GSK-3β polyclonal antibody and S-P staining technique.

RESULTSThe abnormal expression of β-catenin protein(73.33%) in mantle cell lymphoma group was significantly higher than that (6.7%) in reactive lymph node hyperplasia group (P<0.05); and the positive rate of P-GSK-3 β(66.67%) in mantle cell lymphoma group was significantly higher than that (16.67%) in reactive hyperplasia of lymph node group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was obvious positive correlation (R=0.852, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe abnormal high expressions of β-catenin and P-GSK-3 β protein have been confirmed to appeare in mantle cell lymphoma.

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; beta Catenin

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects of posterolateral depression fractures of the tibial plateau through a modified anterolateral approach.

METHODSFrom February 2011 to January 2012,13 patients with posterolateral depression fractures of the tibial plateau were treated through a modified anterolateral approach. There were 8 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 28 to 59 years old (49.2 years old on average). Data from patients were collected retrospectively as follows: X-ray, time of fracture healing and the complications of fracture healing. The patients were evaluated both clinically and radiologically according to the Rasmussen score system.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 18 months (mean 13.7 months). All the patients got bony union. The average radiographic bony union time was 15.1 weeks (ranged, 11 to 17 weeks). No case of secondary articular depression was found. No complications such as malunion or joint stiffness were found. But 1 patient had superficial infection and 1 patient had common peroneal nerve injury. According to the Rasmussen score system,the mean radiological score was 16.50 ± 0.67 (ranged, 13 to 18), and the mean functional score was 25.20 ± 2.21 (ranged, 13 to 30). The mean range of knee motion was (125.3 ± 9.3)° (ranged, 0° to 135°).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of depression fractures of posterolateral tibial plateau with a modified anterolateral approach is a safe method with effective exposure, due to its stable fixation and relatively good outcome with minimal soft-tissue complications. It is regarded as an ideal procedure for depression fractures of posterolateral tibial plateau.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic efficiency of antiviral treatment with pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN) for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and to explore whether liver histopathological features or other factors influence the HBeAg seroconversion treatment response.

METHODSEighty HBeAg-positive CHB patients with diagnosis confirmed by liver puncture were treated with Peg-IFN(2a or 2b)body weight dose, once weekly). At treatment week 48, the rate of HBeAg seroconversion was determined and used to analyze the influence of liver histopathological features (liver biopsy assessment of: inflammation, graded G0 to G4; fibrosis stage, graded S0 to S4), sex, age, differential levels (pre-treatment baseline vs. week 48 post-treatment) of serum alanine transferase (ALT), and HBV DNA, by binary logistic analysis.

RESULTSAt week 48, the overall rate of HBeAg seroconversion was 30.0%. The rate of HBeAg seroconversion gradually advanced with increased liver inflammation (X2 = 8.435, P = 0.015): 9.09% of the 22 patients with G1; 31.58% of the 38 patients with G2; 47.30% of the 19 patients with G3; the one patient with G4. In contrast, the rate of HBeAg seroconversion showed a much weaker association with liver fibrosis (X2 = 5.917, P = 0.116). Only baseline HBeAg level, and no other baseline index, was significantly different between the patients who achieved HBeAg seroconversion and those who did not. Liver inflammation and baseline HBeAg level were identified as influencing factors of HbeAg seroconversion in response to Peg-IFN treatment.

CONCLUSIONPeg-IFN therapy induces a higher rate of HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with severe liver inflammation; histological analysis of pre-treatment liver biopsies may help to identify patients most likely to benefit from the antiviral regimen.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Serologic Tests

OBJECTIVETo understand the predictive value of early monitoring BCR-ABL transcripts in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) after treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and to provides the information for early assessment of prognosis and treatment options.

METHODSBCR-ABL transcripts of 53 CML patients before and after TKI treatment were detected by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The relationship between BCR-ABL transcripts level after TKI treatment for 3 months and the later molecular response, progression and mutation was analyzed.

RESULTSThe median values of BCR-ABL transcripts in peripheral blood samples from 30 newly diagnosed patients were 43.99%, which was used as a baseline of BCR-ABL transcripts for molecular response evaluation. Of 53 patients, 31 (58.49%) had a BCR-ABL mRNA ≤ 4.40% (reduced more than 1 log) and 22 (41.51%) greater than 4.40% (reduced to less than 1 log) after 3 months of TKI treatment. The former 31 patients had a significantly higher 18-months cumulative incidence of major molecular response (MMR) (90.32% vs 18.18%, P=0.000) and 3-year cumulative incidence of complete molecular response (CMR) (48.39% vs 0, P=0.000) compared with the latter 22 patients. The lower BCR-ABL level was, the earlier MMR reached. The proportion of patients with a mutation in group of BCR-ABL mRNA>4.40% was significantly higher than that of BCR-ABL mRNA ≤ 4.40% (22.73% vs 0, P=0.021). The incidence of progression increased in group of BCR-ABL mRNA>4.40%, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.052).

CONCLUSIONIt is important for the prognosis evaluation of the patients to monitor the level of BCR-ABL transcripts at 3 months after TKI treatment, which might help to early optimization of treatment and to improve curative effect of CML patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; blood ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on hepatocellular carcinoma located in caudate lobe.

METHODSTotally 29 cases of caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma admitted from January 2001 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 29 patients, 23 were male and the other 6 were female. The median age was 52 years. According to receiving preoperative TACE or not, the 29 cases were divided into two groups: preoperative TACE plus surgery (group A, n = 11) and surgery only (group B, n = 18). The surgical results and long-term survival were compared between two groups.

RESULTSAfter TACE, the diameter of the tumour reduced by over 33.3% in 3 patients, 10.0% to 33.3% in 6 patients, and less than 10.0% in 2 patients. The duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss in group A were (298 ± 39) minutes and (1031 ± 310) ml, respectively. The duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss in group B were (281 ± 54) minutes and (868 ± 403) ml, respectively. No significant difference was found in terms of these two groups (t = 1.006, P = 0.324; t = 1.223, P = 0.232). In addition, 6 cases in group A developed complications and 4 cases in group B did so. Only one patient died because of postoperative complication, and this patient belonged to group A. No significant difference was found between two groups (χ(2) = 0.028, P = 0.868; χ(2) = 0.633, P = 0.426). The 5-year survival rate was 56.8% in group A and 34.9% in group B. The difference did not reach significant difference (P = 0.132).

CONCLUSIONSFor hepatocellular carcinoma located in caudate lobe, preoperative TACE does not significantly increase the surgical difficulty and impair the safety. In addition, preoperative TACE has the tendency to provide benefit to long-term survival.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is the main surgical procedure used in type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different types of GBP in treatment of type 2 diabetes.

METHODSPatients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups: those who underwent gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and those who underwent gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass. Blood glucose alterations, operation time, and operation complications were observed.

RESULTSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass were both effective in the treatment of selected patients with type 2 diabetes. Compared with gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass, gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass had the advantages of easier implementation, shorter operation time, and fewer operation complications.

CONCLUSIONSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis is effective in treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is safe, easy to implement, and worthy of clinical popularization.

Adult ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; surgery ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome