Global ischemia model was produced in rabbit by occluding bothvertibral and common carotid arteries. During brain ischemia the onset and peaklatencies of SEPs gradually increased, the amplitudes became lower, till all wavesdisappeared. After reconstruction of brain blood flow the latencies decreased andthe amplitudes increased to the control level. CDP-choline improved the recoveryof SEPs caused by brain ischemia obviously.

Devices and services are the most basic elements of assistive technology, and the professionals training and study are the drive for the development of high quality of assistive technology;social consciousness, policies and laws which focus on the independence and social participation of people with disabilities are key elements and necessary social backgrounds. Assistive technology products will have good markets only if people with disabilities can afford them and have an environment in which they can use them. The component ele-ments of assistive technology field will enhance each other only when assistive technology products can be widely used.

The assistive devices for children with cerebral palsy are various to meet the special needs, which involve position, mobility,communication, education, career, etc. It tends to be accurate function and a variety of functional integration in position and mobility products.Various series of augmentation alternative communication device have been developed. A large number of assistive technology products have been developed in education, independent live, social skill and therapy fields, and Apps are the important components among them. Various techniques of information and switch have been applied, which may revolutionize the assistive industry.

This article introduced the methods and skill by the procedure about consideration of assistive technology in the individualized　educational program (IEP) under the SETT framework, including considering a student's need for assistive technology, gather information　of the student, assessing and matching of assistive technology, solution generation, documenting the solution in the IEP, implementation　plan. The Quality Indicators for Assistive Technology Services (QIAT) and the people component of the IEP team were also introducd in the　article.

This paper introduced the key right of people with disabilities for assistive technology under the U.S. laws, including The Rehabilitation Act, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Assistive Technology Act and Americans with Disabilities Act. The assistive technology right involved occupation rehabilitation, employment and education and public area. The related agency needs to respond to these requirement. China can learn some from these acts.

The paper studied legislation, policies, government participation through investigations and internet resources and has a complete cognition of assisitive devices condition in Canada. Canadian Federal Government encourages, guides and participates in assistive technology exploiting based on non-discrimination legislation. Assistive technology service system has been running well in social consciousness,funding, quality and varieties of assistive devices, professional service, necessary social environment and public service.

Positive and meaningful exploration was conducted by related teachers to improve the teaching quality of oral clinical pharmacology.Case based teaching method was applied in the teaching of adverse reactions and bilingual teaching was employed in the teaching of local anesthesia.Correlation and comparison of the key knowledge points were emphasized in the teaching process. Students′ interests were aroused and satisfactory results were achieved through implementing these measures.

Objective To assess the impact of tranexamic acid on visible and hidden blood loss after the preliminary unilateral total hip arthtoplasty (THA).Methods The study involved 60 patients who received primary unilateral THA due to femoral neck fracture from March 2010 to September 2011.They were 18 males and 42 females,at 58 to 86 years of age (average 74.5 years).They were divided into Group A (n =20),not given tranexamic acid,Group B (n =20),given tranexamic acid in operation,Group C (n =20),given tranexamic acid at preoperative one hour according to stratified random method.Total red blood cell loss,visible red blood cell loss,and hidden red blood cell loss in each group were calculated.Results Visible red blood cell loss in Groups A,B,and C was (95.4 ± 17.7) ml,(45.5 ± 11.5) rnl,and (45.3 ± 8.4) ml respectively.Moreover,difference of visible red blood cell loss was significant between Groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05),but insignificant between Groups B and C (P ＞ 0.05).Hidden red blood cell loss in Groups A,B,and C was (322.4 ± 57.7) ml,(203.8 ±46.6) ml,and (137.6 ± 34.7) ml respectively,with significant difference between Groups A and B (P＜0.05) and between Groups B and C (P＜0.05).Conclusions Tranexamic acid reduces the visible and hidden blood loss in primary unilateral THA significantly.While tranexamic acid administered at preoperative one hour gains advantage of less hidden blood loss over the intraoperative administration.

Objective To research community residents TCM constitution and impaired glucose regulation and diabetes,for providing the basis of the community carrying out the adjustment of biased constitution,prevention and treatment of impaired glucose regulation and diabetes.Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Hualin Street,Liwan District,Guangzhou,and 1882 cases of elderly residents over the age of 45 were surveyed on their TCM constitution and blood sugar.According to the Chinese constitution scale survey all cases were divided into gentleness type,yang-deficiency type,qi-deficiency type,dampness-heat type,phlegm-dampness type,yin-deficiency type,qi-depression type,blood-stasis type,and special diathesis type.Divided according to the level of their blood glucose,all cases were classified to normal blood glucose,impaired glucose regulation and diabetes.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to study the relation between TCM constitution and impaired glucose regulation and diabetes mellitus.Results The ratio of phlegm-dampness type in glucose regulation damage and diabetes was much higher than normal blood sugar,the value was 10.07％,19.10％ and 4.98％ respectively.The ratio ofyin deficiency type in diabetes was higher than normal blood sugar,the value was 16.85％and 12.27％,respectively.Compared with gentleness type,a logistic regression analysis model showed that the risk of impaired glucose regulation of phlegm (OR 2.08; 95％CI 1.80 to 2.36) and diabetes (OR 4.39; 95％CI 3.56 to the risk of 5.42) were significantly increased in phlegm-dampness type,and the risk of diabetes (OR 1.62; 95％CI 1.31 to 1.99) was significantly increased in yin deficiency type.Excluded the influence of gender,age,eating habits,the second models showed similar results to the first model,with the phlegm of impaired glucose regulation (OR 1.95,95％CI 1.68 to 2.27),diabetes (OR 4.01,95％CI 3.22 to 5.00),yin deficiency diabetes (OR 1.55,95％CI 1.25 to 1.93) all similar to the first model.Conclusion Phlegm-dampness type and yin-deficiency type are the main TCM constitutions that influencing glucose regulation impairment and diabetes.