Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy are two kinds of important treatment modalities of breast cancer with hormone receptor-positive. Adjuvant chemotherapy whether can be proposed to the individual patient or not according to tumor burden factors, multi-gene prognostic signatures detection and molecular subtype classification for breast cancer. There are four different endocrine strategies, and each of them has its own advantage over others and cannot be replaced by others. Individualized therapy should be performed to Luminal A and Luminal B breast cancers.

5 mm) had a significant influence on the frequency and distribution of cervical lymph node metastasis. The local recurrent rate in palpable lymph node group was significantly higher than the non-palpable lymph node group. Conclusions Careful palpation, B type ultrasonography, exploratory operation and frozen section are very important factors to heighten diagnosis of PTMC. We believe that PTMC could be divided into two subsets: with the former of non-aggressive behaviors treated by conservative surgery, and the later of a potentially aggressive clinical course treated by a more aggressive procedure.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment regimens for the primary gastric lymphoma (PGL).

METHODSThe data of 98 PGL patients treated from January 1994 to December 2006 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAbdominal pain was the common symptom of PGL. All the patients were at stage I or stage II, and the preoperative diagnosis rate was 56.5%. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 95.1%, 86.0% and 73.0% respectively. The 5-year survival rates of stage I and stage II patients were 89.5% and 66.7% respectively, and the difference was significant. The 5-year survival rate of patients received operations was 77.2% and that without operation was 75.0%, the difference was not significant.

CONCLUSIONSThe therapy based on chemotherapy is preferred for the treatment of PGL. In the cases of serious gastrointestinal complications, indefinite pathological diagnosis or non-effective chemotherapy, operations should be considered.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR alleles among drug user (DUs) populations with or without HIV/HCV infection in Shenzhen, and to evaluate the role of these alleles in the construction of genetic resistance to HIV or HCV and screen out the anti-HIV/HCV gene in Shenzhen.

METHODSAll 500 DU blood samples were collected from Shenzhen Detoxification Center, including 313 from injected drug users (IDUs). All samples were screened for HIV and HCV antibody by means of ELISA. The genomic DNA were extracted and amplified by PCR. The neck domain repeat regions of DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR were sequenced directly from the PCR products to confirm the amplification for some samples and all positive PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.

RESULTSOf 500 samples, 97 were found HIV positive, all of which were IDUs and HCV positive. The total positive rate of HCV among all HIV negative DU was 57.57% (232/403), and it was 63.89% (138/216) among IDUs; in comparing to the 50.26% (94/187) of DUs with other manners there showed significant difference (chi(2) = 7.61, P = 0.0058). Among HIV + DUs, there was a higher proportion of patient with the DC-SIGNR 5/6 and 5/8 (Fisher's exact, P = 0.043 and P = 0.034) with statistical significance; there was no statistically significant difference between HCV + and HCV-DUs and no significant difference between IDUs and other DUs for the DC-SIGNR polymorphism.

CONCLUSIONThe results might indicate that DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR polymorphism might not influence the susceptibility to HCV. Genotype 5/6 might probably have a relation with HIV infection, but still need further investigation for the low frequency.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; Drug Users ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; HIV-1 ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; genetics ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; Young Adult