Animals ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Spinal Cord ; physiology

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Young Adult

Drug resistance is the main restriction factor for clinical usage of taxanes.This review concentrates on drug-resistance mechanisms of taxanes that include drug target change,avidity change between drug-target interaction,decrease of cellular effective drug concentration,downstream cellular responses to a drug target molecular lesion,and cell cycle regulation-mediated drug resistance.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pure total flavonoids from Citrus(PTFC) on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in mice with high-fat/high-fructose diet induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), and discuss its anti-NASH mechanism. METHODS: Fifty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, PTFC low-dosage group, medium-dosage group and high-dosage group, 10 in each group. A high-fat/high-fructose diet was given for 16 weeks to establish the NASH models, and the PTFC groups were administrated with PTFC at the dosage of 25, 50, 100 mg•kg-1•d-1 from the 5th week, respectively. Histopathologic changes of the liver tissue were observed by HE and oil red O staining; serum CHOL, TG, ALT, AST were detected by biochemical method; the levels of NLRP3, ASC, Casp1 and IL-1β mRNA in the liver tissue were determined by Realtime-PCR; the protein expression of NLRP3 and Casp1 was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Sixteen weeks administration of high-fat/high-fructose diet induced significantly higher weight, increased NAFLD activity score (NAS) of the liver tissue, higher level of serum CHOL, ALT and AST, lower level of serum TG, increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, Casp1 and IL-1β mRNA in liver, and increased protein expression of Casp1. After PTFC administration, the mice, especially the PTFC high dosage group, exhibited (compared with the model group) marked lower NAS, decreased serum ALT and AST level, increased TG level, impaired NLRP3, ASC, Casp1 and IL-1β mRNA expression, and decreased protein expression of NLRP3 and Casp1. CONCLUSION: The NLRP3 inflammasome pathway may play a key role in the development and progress of NASH in mice, and PTFC prevents the development of NASH through suppressing this pathway.

Halomonas sp.BYS-1 was a moderately halophilic bacteria strain isolated from activated sludge,It could grow on MM with NaCl concentration from 0.1～2.6 mol/L and phenyl acetic acid as sole carbon souce. When BYS-1 grew in the media with different concentrations of NaCl, there was no obvious change in its intracellular Na+ contents , it accumulated K+, glutamic acid and betaine as osmoprotectants. Its intracellular contents of K+,glutamic acid and betaine increased by 1.9,2.4 and 13.6 times, respectively, when the concentration of NaCl increased from 0.1 mol/L to 2mol/L.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application and effects of external fixator under the guidance of damage control therapy in limb open fracture.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to January 2013,72 cases with severe limb open fractures (Unincor- porated shock) were divided into control group and observation group (36 cases in each group). In observation group, 36 patients (including 22 males and 14 females) were treated by external fixator at stage I, as soon as possible after waiting for patients physiology conditions being stable,the stage II fracture operation was performed. In control group, 36 patients (24 males and 12 females) were treated by the first stage open reduction. The hospital admission time, open fracture severity score (OFSS),operation duration,operative blood loss,X-ray expose times, callus appear time, fracture healing time, postoperative infection rate, complications and Johner-Wruhs accceccment were recorded and evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 12 months (10.4 in averaged). The mean operation duration, operative blood loss, callus appear time, fracture healing time the mean operation duration reespectively were (56.79±8.87) min, (216.16±18.21) ml, (5.32±0.71) weeks, (12.79±2.52) weeks in observation group,and (104.53±9.28) min, (439.93±14.65) ml, (4.97±1.26) weeks, (14.81±2.63) weeks in control group. According to Johner-Wruhs acccecement,there were were 33 cases in excellent,2 in good,and 1 in poor in observation group,non-union of fracture in 1 case,local infection occurred in 1 cases; in control group 25 cases in excellent,6 in good, and 5 in poor, non-union of fracture in 1 case,local infection occurred in 8 cases. There were significant differences in operation duration, operative blood loss, callus appear time, fracture healing time, postoperative infection rate, complications (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in hospital admission time, open fracture severity score and X-ray expose times (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnder the guidance of damage control therapy,using external fixator measures to treat patients with open fractures of limbs is worth popularizing in clinical application because it can shorten the operation time, less blood loss, reduce the infection rate and complications, improve the success rate of surgery and recovery rate.

Adult ; Aged ; External Fixators ; Extremities ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology

Hip fracture patients preoperative and postoperative exist hidden blood loss which often affect patients' wound healing, increase the probability of infection, prolong rehabilitation exercise, influence postoperative effect. At the same time, the body's blood loss increase the activation of the blood clotting mechanism, promote the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, bleeding and deep vein thrombosis has become the main causes of high risk in hip operation. It is very important to stop bleeding, anticoagulation should not be ignored, so how to effectively deal with the prominent contradiction between the postoperative anticoagulation and bleeding or looking for a best balance has become a intractable problems in hip fracture treatment.
Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Hip Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; drug therapy ; etiology ; prevention & control

Objective　To study the relationship between atherosclerotic plaques in carotid artery and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Methods　The extracranial carotid arteries (ECA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) of 54 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or cerebral infarction (CI) were examined with doppler ultrasound. The distribution of atherosclerotic plaque, degree of stenosis and ultrasounic classification of ECA and the mean velocity of blood flow in MCA were examined. Results　①Stenosis over middle-grade on asymptomatic side in extracranial internal carotid artery (EICA) in group of patients with TIA was significantly higher than symptomatic side(P<0.01). Stenosis over high-grade on asymptomatic side in ELCA in group of patients with CI was significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01). ②Flat and soft plaque are most common in group of patients with TIA or CI, then are hard and ulcerative plaques. Incidence of soft plaques on asymptomatic side in group of patients with TIA or CI are significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01); ③Among the group of patients with CI, mean velocity of MCA decreased on asymptomatic side in 31 cases (68.9%), and significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01). Conclusion　Atheroclerotic plaques in carotid artery and intracranial hemodynamic characteristics are the important risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. These findings have important values in predicting subsequent TIA or CI in asymptomatic subjects.

Acetamides ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Troponin I ; blood

Objective To study the relationship between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Uygur adults of Xinjiang. Methods Data of 1650 Uygur adult residents (age＞18 years) in the Moyu county, Xinjiang were analyzed. The subjects were sampled randomly with stratify capacity from 15 villages among 364 villages. All the subjects received the questionnaire and the oral examination. The markers and risk factors of chronic renal injury were inspected. The subjects were categorized as periodontitis group and non-periodontitis group according to chronic periodontitis diagnostic criteria. The periodontitis group was further divided into mild, moderate and severe periodontitis. Results The data of 1415 subjects were completed. The prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 65.2% (95%CI:65.0-65.4). The prevalence of CKD was 5.2% (95%CI:5.1-5.3). Albuminuria was found in 4.2% (95%CI:4.1-4.3) of subjects. 1.3%(95%CI:1.3-1.4) of individuals had renal insufficiency. In periodontitis group, the prevalence of CKD was 6.4%, which was higher than that in non-periodontitis group 2.9% (χ2=7.841 ,P=0.005).Univariate regression analysis showed that severe periodontitis was risk factor of CKD (OR =3.2,95% CI:2.0-5.2). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that severe periodontitis was independently associated with CKD (OR = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.3). Conclusions In Uygur adults of rural area of Xinjiang, the prevalence of CKD is higher in periodontitis group as compared to non-periodontitis group. Severe periodontitis is an independent risk factor of CKD.