Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT),a catalytic subunit of telomerase,is highly expressed in a vast majority of cancer cells,but not in most normal adult cells,which makes it a broadly applicable molecular target for cancer immunotherapy.T cell epitope-based vaccines make use of T-cell epitopes from tumor antigens,and have its own unique advantages in cancer immunotherapy.The T-cell epitope peptide vaccine derived from hTERT can efficiently evoke specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL) responses,and has exhibited its anti-tumor effect in vivo in mice.Now it has already been put into experiment on human beings and displayed a good application prospect.

Based on the practive of traditional allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation therapy allo-HSCT and the development of nonmyeloablative conditioning, a new immunotherapy for solid tumor nonmyeloablative allo-HSCT, has been initiated. The nonmyeloablative,preparative regimens are associated with the use of lower dose of drugs,and less treatment-related toxicities. Instead of achieving maximal tumor reduction, the regimens are disigned to induce adequate immunosuppression to permit the engraftment of donor hematopoietic stem cells and serve as the platform for the administration of donor T cell in adoptive cell therapy. Donor's T-cell mediates a graft-versus-tumor(GVT)effect. This response is effective for the eradication of acceptor's tumor cell. This article reviews the concept, rationale, early clinical results, and limitation of nonmyeloablative allo-HSCT as a novel immunotherapy in solid tumors.

Reform of the property right system in medical institutions is an important part of Chinas health reform. It is closely related to the reform of the health investment system, the operating mechanism of medical institutions, regional health planning, the structural readjustment of health services, and the health management system. For this reason, the paper offers an account of the motive, objective, major forms, place and functions of the reform of the property right system in medical institutions as well as some other issues worthy of attention.

Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Sinusitis ; surgery

Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Perioperative Care ; Sinusitis ; surgery

This study was aimed to generalize the therapeutic rules in“Bentun qi” disease treatment through data mining, in order to show a general picture of“Bentun qi” disease by ancient physicians. Furthermore, it was aimed to reveal the nature of“Bentun qi” disease. Frequency statistics, factor analysis and association rules wereused to summarize the therapeutic rules of“Bentun qi” disease by data mining of therapeutic rules from ancient prescriptions. And then, the etiology and pathogenesis of“Bentun qi” disease were deduced. The results showed that besidesyang deficiency and cold accumulation, pathogenic fire derived from liver-qi stagnation, and drink dynamic due toyang deficiency,“Bentun qi” disease also had the etiology and pathogenesis ofqi stagnation and blood stasis due to depression of the liver-qi, blood stasis and cold stagnation due toyang deficiency, qi stagnation in the middle-jiao, and centralqi deficiency and so on. In addition, the herbs in these ancient prescriptions also related to five internal organs. It was concluded that based on theNan Jing(The Classic of Difficult Issues) andJin-Gui Yao-Lue(Essentials from the Golden Cabinet), the knowledge of“Bentun qi” disease began to show a diversity trend after theHanDynasty.

Objective To study the method and effect of superomedial pedicled mammaplasty based on Würinger's horizontal septum.Methods During August 2014 to August 2015,25 cases of cromastia were treated with septum-based mammaplasties with a superomedial pedicled and vertical incision.Based on the preoperation design,the superomedial pedicle was deepithelialized with preservation of the dermis and the subdermal plexus.The pedicle was dissected as described,the excess tissue was removed with the prepectoral fascia preserved.After remodeling the shape of mammary gland,the incision was sutured.Results There was no hematoma,no fat liquefaction and no partial or complete NAC necrosis.The pre and postoperative NAC sensibilities were comparable in all the patients.The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months,and all the patients were satisfied with the therapeutic effect and expressed acceptance to the scar.Conclusions The breast reduction based on wellvascularized septum and superomedial pedicle is safe with minor scar,even in large breasts.This technique demonstrates ease of pedicle shaping and breast remodeling.The satisfied effect could be obtained for patients with severe ptosis of breasts just after operations and in future.

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles secreted into the extracellular medium by a broad array of cells in culture.Exosome proteic and lipid composition is unique and might shed some light into exosome biogenesis and functions.Exosomes secreted from professional antigen-presenting cells(i.e.dendritic cells) and tumor cells are enriched in MHC class Ⅰ and Ⅱ complexes,costimulatory molecules,Hsp70-90 chaperones and tumor antigen,and have therefore been more extensively studied for their immunomodulatory capacities in vitro and in vivo.In this review,we will describle the definition and composition of exsomes and the main biological features pertaining to tumor or DC-derived exosomes,and will also present the early clinical results and limitation of their implementation in cancer immunotherapy.

Drug resistance is the main restriction factor for clinical usage of taxanes.This review concentrates on drug-resistance mechanisms of taxanes that include drug target change,avidity change between drug-target interaction,decrease of cellular effective drug concentration,downstream cellular responses to a drug target molecular lesion,and cell cycle regulation-mediated drug resistance.

Objective To observe liver function improvement of Grave's disease combined with liver damage after ~(131)I cure.Methods We observed patients of Graves disease combined with liver damage on diffevent times after ~(131)I cure(3,6,12,24 months after ~(131)I cure) and at the same time we monitored liver function.Results The liver function and clinical expression of the patients who had Graves disease combined with liver damage improved vemarkably after ~(131)I cure.Conclusion ~(131)I cure Graves patients combined with liver damage is safe and simple and has long-term effect.It's side effect is little and is apt to be accepted by patients.