Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effects of Metformin on serum proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)level in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM). Methods 48 healthy people with normal glucose tolerance were selected as the controls (NGT group). 93 newly diagnosed T2DM were randomized to Metformin treated group (Met,n= 47 )and Glipizide treated group (Gli,n=46).Serum PCSK9 was measured by ELISA in all participants. After treatment,the changes of serum PCSK9 were observed in Met group and Gli group. Results Serum PCSK9 levels in Met group and Gli group were higher than NGT group(P<0. 01). PCSK9 level was positively correlated with FPG,HbA1 c, HOMA-IR,FIns,TC,LDL-C,TG,hsC-RP,TNF-αand BMI (r= 0. 578,0. 638,0. 556,0. 610,0. 578, 0. 592,0. 589,0. 638,0. 561,0. 552;P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),and negatively correlated with HDL-C(r=-0. 614,P<0. 01). The levels of PCSK9 significantly decreased after treatment with Metformin(P<0. 05). PCSK9 levels had no significant differences before and after treatment with Glipizide. Multiple regression analysis showed that TNF-αand HOMA-IR were independent related factors of PCSK9. Conclusion T2DM patients have high levels of serum PCSK9 which can be decreased by Metformin.

98%. Conclusion The developed method is simple, reproducible and easy to operate. The solvent is cheap, with low boiling point and easy to recovery property.

Background Corneal transplantation is an effective treatment to severe corneal diseases,but the shortage of cornea donor limits its application.Tissue-engineered cornea is being a new approach to corneal diseases.Objective This study was to investigate the possibility of construction of tissue-engineered corneal epithelium by culturing human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in vitro.Methods Fresh human amniotic membranes were obtained under the approval of Ethic Committee of Affiliated First Hospital of Jinan University and informed consent of maternal women.The 6 cm×6 cm amniotic membrane tissue explant was digested using trypsin+ EDTA,and then the amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) were scraped before putting into collagenase Ⅱ digestion medium to isolate hAMSCs.hAMSCs of passage 3 were cultured to achive 80％-90％ confluence,and then the ceils were incubated on rabbit deepithelial corneal stroma at a 1 ×105/ml density.The corneal stroma was co-cuhured with hAMSCs at an air-liquid interface till 14 days.Rabbit deepithelial corneal stroma with and without hAMSCs (experimental group and control group) were fixed in 4％ para formaldehyde, and sections were prepared for histopathological examination.Immunochemistry and immunofluorescence were empoyed to detect the expressions of cytokeratin3 (CK3) and CK12 in hAMSCs.Results hAMSCs grew well and formed a stratified epidermal structure resembling native corneal epithelium on rabbit corneal stroma in cultured 14 days in the experimental group,with the oval nucleus at basement and fusiform nucleus on the surface of corneal stroma.There was no cell structure in the control group.Immunochemistry revealed brown staining for CK3, CK12 in cytoplasm of hAMSCs on the rabbits corneal stroma,and the green fluorescence for CK3 and CK12 was also seen in the hAMSCs.However,the response for CK3 and CK12 was absent in the control sections either immunochemistry or immunofluorescence test.Conclusions hAMSCs can be induced to differentiate into corneal epithelioid cells at an air-liquid interface on the rabbit corneal stroma.

In recent years, the number of outpatients in stomatological hospital is in increasing year by year and being accompanied by the corresponding medical risks. One of the risks which may endanger the patient life is medical emergency which need emergency treatment by the dentists in dental clinical practice. The most common emergency type is syncope, followed by hyperventilation, drug overdose, adrenaline reaction and hypertension, etc. Unexpected events mainly occurred at the end of the treatment and before leaving the dental clinic, during or immediately after the local anesthesia, in the treatment process. Tooth extraction related emergency is the most frequently occurring emergency, followed by the local anesthesia related ones. It's strongly suggested that dentists should pay more attention to outpatient clinical emergency treatment, and related knowledge and skills training should be offered to improve the ability to handle medical emergencies.
Dental Care ; Dental Clinics ; Dentists ; Emergencies ; Emergency Treatment ; Humans

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hiccup ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To explore the level of angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) in patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD ) in diabetes and the influence of pioglitazone on the level. Methods 92healthypeoplewithnormalglucosetolerancewereselectedasthecontrols(NCgroup).89 newly diagnosed T2DM were selected (T2DM group ). 90 cases of CKD group were divided into pioglitazone (PGZ) and glimepiride (GLI) treated subgroups ,45 cases in each subgroup. After treatment , serum ANGPTL4 levels were observed in CKD group. Results There were significant differences in serum ANGPTL4 levels among NC ,T2DM and CKD groups [(34.8 ± 4.75) vs (31.1 ± 3.65) vs (27.1 ± 3.52)ng/ml ,P<0.05 or P<0.01]. ANGPTL4 level was positively correlated with SOD ,TG (r=0.635 , 0.526 ,P< 0.05 or P< 0.01) ,and negatively correlated with BMI ,FPG ,HbA1c ,hsC‐RP ,UAlb/Cr , VEGF ,FIns ,HOMA‐IR (r= -0.502 ,-0.624 ,-0.542 ,-0.520 ,-0.538 ,-0.566 ,-0.576 ,-0.509 ,P< 0.05 or P < 0.01 ). In PGZ subgroup after treatment ,ANGPTL4 levels were significantly increased and UAlb/Cr significantly decreased [(31.51 ± 3.87 ) vs (27.60 ± 3.58 )ng/ml ,P < 0.05 ;(88.50 ± 8.90 ) vs (116.20 ± 10.30 )mg/24 h ,P < 0.01 ]. In GLI subgroup after treatment ,there were no significant difference in FPG and HbA1 c as compared with PGZ subgroup but ANGPTL4 levels have no significant differences after treatment ,and UAlb/Cr decreased [(27.20 ± 3.54 ) vs (26.60 ± 3.48 )ng/ml ,P > 0.05 ;(99.70 ± 12.80 ) vs (122.40 ± 13.10 )mg/24 h ,P < 0.05]. HbA1 c ,FIns ,UAlb/Cr were the independent related factors influencing ANGPTL4 of CKD patients. Conclusion Serum ANGPTL4 has a lower level in CKD patients. PGZ is effective in treating CKD. This role is associated with the increase of serum ANGPTL4.

The precocious puberty in female rats were induced by subcutaneous injection of N-methyl-DL-aspartate (NMA). The female rats with induced precocious puberty showed the same sexual feature as the rats that had normal puberty. NMA plays its role at the level of hypothalamus. Subcutaneous injection of NMA is an effective means to induce true precocious puberty in female rats.

Background Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease and its treatment is surgical excision.But recurrence rate of pterygium is high after operation.Recently,some studies showed that the postoperatively topical administration of cyclosporine A (CsA) reduce the recurrence of pterygium,but this conclusion needs basis of evidence-based medicine.Objective This systematic review was to investigate the efficacy and safety of postoperatively topical usage of CsA in preventing the recurrence of primary pterygium.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted and the relative articals were searched from MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases up to October 2012 according to searching strategy and correlated words.Randomized controlled trial (RCT) and prospective Cohort studies data were extracted by two researchers separately.The outcome parameters,such as the rate of recurrence,Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and complications were analyzed.The statistical analysis of the relative risk (RR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) was performed using a RevMan 5.0 software.Fixed-effect model was used for the inhomogeneity multiple studies (P≥0.1,homogeneity test I2 ＜ 50％),and random-effect model was used for the homogeneity study.Results Six prospective studies involving 366 eyes of 309 participants were identified,including 4 RCT and 2 non-RCT.The literature was published in 2008-2012 with the Jadad 5 scores in 1 paper and 2 scores in 3 papers for RCT and 6-7NOS (The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) scores in 2 papers for Cohort studies.Meta-analysis showed that the recurrence and complication rates were significantly lower in the CsA group than those of the control group (RR =0.39,95 ％ CI:0.24-0.64,P =0.0002 and RR =0.24,95％ CI:0.13-0.44,P ＜ 0.00001) respectively.The postoperatively increased value of S Ⅰ t in the CsA group was significantly higher than that of the control group (WMD =2.47,95％CI:1.59-3.35,P ＜ 0.00001).Subgroups analyses suggested that the results were comparatively reliable.Conclusions Postoperative application of CsA can be effective for preventing recurrences and reducing complications after primary pterygium surgery.

Objective To study ischemic tolerance induced by acanthopannx senticosus saponins(ASS) on ischemia in PC12 cells and involve expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?).Methods An ischemic model was developed in PC12 cell line with treatment of oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD).The protective effects of ASS pretreatment on ischemic tolerance of PC12 cells and whether protective effects of ASS could be inhibited by LY294002(PI3K inhibitor) were analyzed through MTT assay.The induction of phospho-glycogen synthesis kinase-3?(p-GSK-3?) and HIF-1? after pretreatment of ASS and possible blocking effects of LY294002 were detected by Western-blot.Results MTT results showed that after 9 h ischemia,the viability of PC12 cells decreased dramatically(P