In order to construct a recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) urease subunit B(UreB), UreB gene fragment amplified by PCR was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pTC01 after sequencing, then transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to acquire SL3261/pTC01-UreB. The expression of H. pylori UreB in SL3261 was detected by Western blot. Tewelve weeks after oral immunization of mice with this vaccine, anti-UreB IgA antibodies in mouse intestinal fluid and IgG antibodies in serum were determined by ELISA. IFN-? and IL-10 contents in the supernatant of spleen cell culture were also assessed by ELISA. The results showed that 61kD protein was expressed in SL3261/pTC01-UreB that could be recognized by anti-H. pylori UreB antiserum by Western-blot. The multiple oral immunizations with SL3261/pTC01-UreB could induce significantly H. pylori-specific mucosal IgA response as well as serum IgG responses. Moreover, there was significant increase of IFN-? and IL-10 contents in the supernatant of spleen cell culture in SL3261/pTC01-UreB group. These results suggested that the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing H. pylori UreB may be used as oral vaccine against H. pylori infection. Its effect against H. pylori infection also needs to be further evaluated in animal models.

[Objective]To observe the curative effect of Wenjing Huayu Decoction for chemotherapy-induced hand-foot syndrome. [Methods]A total of 61 cases of patients with hand-foot syndrome induced by the oral administration of capecitabine were incorporated in the study, and further randomly divided into the treatment group(31 cases) and the control group(30cases). Capecitabine's dosage was 1250mg/m2,twice in one day,from the first day to the fourteen days,7 days of rest,with an observational period of 21 days.In the treatment group, patients were immersed with warm-water diluted Wenjing Huayu Decoction, from the first day of chemotherapy,once in the morning and once at night, 20 minutes a time, with an observational period of 21 days;besides, external application of urea cream was used for patients in the control group;patients in both groups applied corresponding treatment schemes twice a day, once in the morning and once at night, with an observational period of 21 days. The therapeutic effects in both groups were evaluated after 2 cycles of treatment. [Results]The effective rate of HFS was 67.7%in the treatment group and 36.7%in the control group. The results showed that the curative effect in the treatment group was significantly more efficient than that in the control group, with a statistical difference( P<0.05); according to the quality of life(QOL) scoring, there was an obvious difference in improving patients'quality of life between the two groups(P<0.05). [Conclusion]An immersion treatment applying Wenjing Huayu Decoction can be an effective regimen for the treatment of hand-foot syndrome induced by the administration of capecitabine, associated with improvement of patient's life quality.

Objective To explore the effects of directive game in preoperative visit of preschool children with strabismus.Methods 109 children were randomly assigned into the control group and the experimental group.The control group was given conventional preoperative interview,based on the general preoperative visit,the experimental group was given preoperative visit-playing directive game.The nursing effect was compared be4wecn two groups.Results Induction compliance scores of the experimental group were obviously higher than those of the control group.Preoperative anxiety scores of the experimental group were obviously lower than those of the control group.Restlessness during recovery of the experimental group was obviously lower than that of the control group.Conclusions The application of directive game can reduce preoperative anxiety of the children with strabismus,and make children cooperate better with the induction of anesthesia.

A new group of gastric cancer associated antigens in sera of patients with rectal cancer, benign diseases and normal human were detected by MG series monoclonal antibodies against gastric cancer. The average values of normal persons plus 3 standard deviations was set as the highest limit of normal value. The positive rate were 69.7% (23/33) in sera of patients with rectal cancer, and 4%(1/25) in sera of patients with benign diseases. The values of MG-Ags were decreased to normal level 8-10 days after surgical removal in 5 patients of rectal cancer. The results of test suggest that determination of MG-Ags in serum of patients might be helpful in the diagnosis of rectal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome among obese children in clinics. Methods One hundred and thirteen obese children aged 7 to 14 years were selected from clinics of nutrition(case group),and another 366 healthy students aged 7 to 14 years were served as controls.Height,body weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,blood pressure and liver ultrasound were measured,related biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,serum total cholesterol,triglyceride(TG),hiSh density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein were detected,and the incidences of metabolic syndrome were obtained in two groups.Insulin resistance(IR)was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA). Results There was no significant difference in age and gender between case group and control group(P>0.05).Body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,hip circumference,waist to hip ratio,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA index and TG in case group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The 75th percentile of HOMA index in control group was 3.28,and IR subgroup and non-IR subgroup were divided according to this cutpoint.In case group,body weight,BMI,waist circumference and TG in non-IR subgroup were significantly higher than those in IR subgroup (P< 0.05).Metabolic syndrome occurred in 51 cases(45.1%) in case group.The incidence of metabolic syndrome was higher in IR subgroup than that in non-IR group(50.0% vs 21.1%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in overweight and obese children.IR has a close relationship with metabolic syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo establish attenuated Salmonella typhimurium producing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) urease subunit B (UreB) and determine whether it could be used as an oral vaccine against H. pylori.

METHODSH. pylori (SS1 strain) UreB gene fragment amplified by PCR was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pTC01 after sequencing, and then transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to acquire SL3261/pTC01-UreB. The expression of H. pylori UreB in SL3261 was detected by Western blot. Twelve weeks after oral immunization of mice, antibody responses were evaluated using serum and intestinal fluid by ELISA assay. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the supernatant of spleen cells culture were also assessed by ELISA. In vitro stability of pTC01-UreB plasmid in SL3261 was confirmed by growing in Luria Broth (LB) medium to 80 generations.

RESULTSThe UreB gene fragment amplified by PCR was consistent with the sequence of the H. pylori UreB as evidenced by sequence analysis. Enzyme digestion revealed that the correct pTC01-UreB was obtained. Western blot showed that a 61kDa protein was expressed in SL3261/pTC01-UreB, which could be recognized by anti-H. pylori UreB antiserum. After 80 generations of continuous culture, the recombinant plasmid pTC01-UreB was stable in SL3261 and had no obvious toxicity. Multiple oral immunizations with SL3261/pTC01-UreB could significantly induce H. pylori-specific mucosal IgA response as well as serum IgG response. Moreover, there were significant increases of IFN-gamma and IL-10 in the SL3261/pTC01-UreB group. Finally, no obvious side effects for mice and no change in gastric inflammation were observed.

CONCLUSIONAttenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing H. pylori UreB may be used as oral vaccine against H. pylori infection.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Bacterial Vaccines ; blood ; immunology ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; prevention & control ; Helicobacter pylori ; immunology ; Immunization ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; Interleukin-10 ; biosynthesis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; Protein Subunits ; Salmonella typhimurium ; genetics ; Urease ; immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease and its correlation with chronic metabolic diseases in two primary school students in Shanghai. Methods One thousand ifve hundred and thirty-two 7-11 year-old students from two primary schools were enrolled in Septamber-October 2011. The anthropometric indices, blood pressure, screening for pseudoacanthosis nigricans and liver ultrasonography of all subjects were recorded. Results The overall prevalence of NAFLD, obesity, abdominal obesity, pseudoacanthosis nigricans, high systolic blood pressure and high diastolic blood pressure was 6.5%, 26.7%, 16.3%, 5.1%, 1.7%and 1.9%, respectively. The prevalence of NAFLD and abdomi-nal obesity in students of central urban area was signiifcantly higher than that in suburban area (P<0.01). The binary regression analysis revealed a signiifcant association between NAFLD in students with sex, age, obesity, abdominal obesity, pseudoacan-thosis nigricans and high systolic blood pressure (P<0.05). Conclusions NAFLD has close correlation with chronic metabolic disease in children. It is time to adopt prevention, detection and treatment in NAFLD children with symptoms of chronic meta-bolic diseases.

With the vigorous development of evidence-based nursing, more and more attention is paid to the reference of high-quality clinical trial results in the process of guide formulation, evidence transformation and clinical nursing practice. This article introduces the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2.0) for randomized controlled trials, interprets its entries one by one, and uses the tool to evaluate a randomized controlled trial paper in the field of nursing as a demonstration, with a view to helping nursing researchers understand and correctly apply the tool to the design, implementation and quality evaluation of randomized controlled trial, so as to improve the quality of nursing research and increase the reliability of the results.

Objective To explore the effects of spot-inspection form on self-care ability of postoperative patients with diabetic retinopathy .Methods By the random sampling method , we chose 86 postoperative patients with diabetic retinopathy .All the patients were randomly assigned into two groups-the control group (n=42) and the experimental group (n=44).The control group was given healthy guidance and medication directions.The experimental group was given extra education of spot-inspection form.The Exercise of Self-care Agency Seale ( ESCA ) and self-designed questionnaire were used to assess the postoperative patients with diabetic retinopathy on the second day after operation , one month after operation and three months after operation.Results The second day after the operation and one month after operation , the self-care ability of postoperative patients with diabetic retinopathy had no significant differences between patients in the two groups (P>0.05).Three months after the operation , the scores of self-care, self-concept, self-care responsibility, health knowledge level and self-care ability in the experimental group were (32.18 ±4.99), (21.98 ±2.71), (20.50 ±2.17), (53.73 ±6.73) and (128.39 ±14.00), respectively.Those scores in the control group were (30.60 ±5.04), (20.64 ±3.15), (19.36 ±2.30), (50.83 ±7.39) and (121.43 ±15.53).The scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=2.109,2.367, 1.903,2.184, respectively;P<0.05), except for the self-nursing skills (P<0.05).Conclusions The spot-inspection form applied to postoperative patients with diabetic retinopathy has practical significance to improve the self-care ability, promote the rehabilitation of patients and improve the quality of life .

Objective To explore the effects of training evaluation cycle mode applied for enhancement of core competence of nurses in Ophthalmic Operating Room .Methods A total of 60 nurses were assessed evaluation of training requirements , training plans , training implementation and training results by using training evaluation cycle mode , and promptly revised scheme based on the assessment results .The investigation had been carried out for nurses′professional knowledge , skills and comprehensive ability , satisfaction of nurses , doctors and patients in 2011 , 2012 and 2013 .Results Professional knowledge and skills , comprehensive response ability gained (84.63 ±4.69),(83.27 ±3.79) and (88.67 ±4.66),which were all statistically higher than those in 2011 and 2012 (F=20.24, 14.30, 32.45;P<0.01).The satisfactions of nurses, doctors and patients had no statistical difference between 2011 and 2012 (P >0.05), but had statistical difference between 2012 and 2013 (P<0.05).Conclusions Training evaluation cycle mode is feasible to improve the core competence of nurses in Ophthalmology Operation Room .