Nowadays people feared to be infected with HIV extremely,and despised the persons who had bad behaviors susceptible to HIV,for the severe harm to the health by AIDS and secret route of transmission of HIV.So it resulted in some special problems of ethics for discriminations by normal and hostilities by HIV infectious people. Therefore it was key to adopt strategy of tolerance, and to treat the HIV infectious people justly, respectfully that was effective to prevent and treat AIDS. Under the principle of vantage,AIDS patients,HIV infectious people,high-risk groups, general people and medical workers could cooperated with each other,and to preclude the ethics differences with tolerance.By evoling the consciousness of respecting privilege of health,exciting social feeling of moralities and responsibility of the public,we cna raise the effect of preventing and treating of AIDS,and keep the prevalence of AIDS within limits.

Now music therapy is widely used in health care and treatment and showes an exciting future.Music therapy is taking a new mode of biology-psychology-society.This article reviewed the development of music therapy in China and Western(mainly Europe and America),analyzed the existing problems and gave the possible solutions to promote its development.

OBJECTIVETo establish attenuated Salmonella typhimurium producing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) urease subunit B (UreB) and determine whether it could be used as an oral vaccine against H. pylori.

METHODSH. pylori (SS1 strain) UreB gene fragment amplified by PCR was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pTC01 after sequencing, and then transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to acquire SL3261/pTC01-UreB. The expression of H. pylori UreB in SL3261 was detected by Western blot. Twelve weeks after oral immunization of mice, antibody responses were evaluated using serum and intestinal fluid by ELISA assay. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the supernatant of spleen cells culture were also assessed by ELISA. In vitro stability of pTC01-UreB plasmid in SL3261 was confirmed by growing in Luria Broth (LB) medium to 80 generations.

RESULTSThe UreB gene fragment amplified by PCR was consistent with the sequence of the H. pylori UreB as evidenced by sequence analysis. Enzyme digestion revealed that the correct pTC01-UreB was obtained. Western blot showed that a 61kDa protein was expressed in SL3261/pTC01-UreB, which could be recognized by anti-H. pylori UreB antiserum. After 80 generations of continuous culture, the recombinant plasmid pTC01-UreB was stable in SL3261 and had no obvious toxicity. Multiple oral immunizations with SL3261/pTC01-UreB could significantly induce H. pylori-specific mucosal IgA response as well as serum IgG response. Moreover, there were significant increases of IFN-gamma and IL-10 in the SL3261/pTC01-UreB group. Finally, no obvious side effects for mice and no change in gastric inflammation were observed.

CONCLUSIONAttenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing H. pylori UreB may be used as oral vaccine against H. pylori infection.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Bacterial Vaccines ; blood ; immunology ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; prevention & control ; Helicobacter pylori ; immunology ; Immunization ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; Interleukin-10 ; biosynthesis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; Protein Subunits ; Salmonella typhimurium ; genetics ; Urease ; immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective:To explore the feasibility of quantitative evaluation of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) by dual-layer spectral detector CT.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 20 patients with STEMI who underwent cardiac contrast-enhanced CT and MRI from January to October 2019 in Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed.The dual spectral detector was used in the enhanced CT scan of the coronary artery with retrospectively gate and the late iodine enhancement with prospective gate. Conventional image and holographic spectral image were obtained by iterative and spectral reconstruction. The short axis image of the heart matched with MR image was obtained by multiplanar reconstruction. Based on the data of spectral based image, the IDD map was reconstructed for the calculation of myocardial CT-ECV during the late iodine enhancement. ECV of infarcted myocardium, salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium based on CT and MRI were calculated respectively. Bland-Altman consistency test and intra group correlation coefficient analysis (ICC) were used to compare the consistency of two measurements and different methods. The correlation between CT-ECV and MRI-ECV was compared by Spearman method.Results:The CT-ECV values of infarcted, salvageable, and remote myocardium were 51.21 (49.27, 53)%, 38.64 (36.17, 40)%, and 51.21 (49.27, 53)%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( H= 43.17, P<0.01). The CT-ECV value of infarcted myocardium was significantly higher than that of salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium ( Z=-24.60, 35.40, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium ( Z= 10.80, P=0.15). The T 1 values of infarcted myocardium, salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium were (1 554.85±70.94), (1 443.85±67.28) and (1 307.05±91.73) ms respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( F=51.35, P<0.01). The T 1 value of infarcted myocardium was higher than that of salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium ( t=-5.07, 9.55, P<0.01), and salvageable myocardium was significantly higher than that of remote myocardium ( t=5.38, P<0.01). The MRI-ECV values of infarcted myocardium, salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium were 55.00 (49.27, 57.75)%, 33.50 (29.00, 35.00)%,and 27.00 (26.00, 29.00)%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( Z= 47.12, P<0.01). MRI-ECV of infarcted myocardium was significantly higher than that of salvageable myocardium and remote myocardium ( Z=37.45, -20.30, P< 0.01), and salvageable myocardium was significantly higher than that of remote myocardium ( Z = 17.15, P<0.05). The difference between CT-ECV and MRI-ECV measured by two physicians was good. The bias of Bland-Altman analysis was -0.1% (95% CI:-5.5%-5.2%), 0.8% (95% CI:-9.8%-8.2%), and the ICC values were 0.92 and 0.94, respectively. The bias of Bland-Altman analysis in CT-ECV and MRI-ECV consistency test was 4.00% (95% CI:-9.0%-16.9%) and ICC value was 0.88, which had a good correlation ( r=0.75, P=0.001). Conclusions:The iodine density based ECV fromdual-layer spectral detector CT can be used to quantitatively evaluate the changes of extracellular space after acute STEMI, which is helpful to quantitatively evaluate the histological changes after myocardial ischemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Chaihu Qinggantang （CHQGT） in the treatment of granulomatous lobular mastitis （GLM） in the rat model. MethodSixty female rats were divided into a normal group， a model group， a prednisolone group （0.001 8 g·kg^-1）， and three CHQGT low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups （4.5， 8.9， 17.8 g·kg^-1）. The tissue homogenates mixed with GLM lesion tissue and Fritner's reagent were used for modeling. After modeling， the treatment groups were given corresponding treatment factors， and the normal group and the model group were given the equal volume of normal saline. The changes in mammary gland of rats were observed after 14 d. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in breast samples. The mRNA expressions of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome， Caspase-1， and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） were detected by real-time quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expressions of NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and IL-18 were detected by Western bolt. ResultAs compared with the normal group， the breasts of rats in the model group were obviously swelling， and mammary gland inflammation index was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Pathological changes included the formation of granuloma centered on the lobule of mammary gland with a large number of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and plasma cells. The mRNA expressions of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1β， and the protein expressions of NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and IL18 in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the treatment groups improved breast swelling， and the CHQGT medium and high-dose groups and the prednisolone group reduced inflammation index to some extent after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The inflammation degree of mammary gland was significantly improved， and inflammatory cells such as macrophages， lymphocytes， and plasma cells were reduced to varying degrees in pathological aspects. The mRNA expressions of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1β， and the protein expressions of NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and IL-18 in the CHQGT high-dose group and the prednisolone group were significantly down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionCHQGT inhibits inflammation and treats GLM in rats. The mechanism is possibly related to the inhibition of NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway， which provides a new target for the prevention and treatment of GLM by Qingxiao method.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide; however, the molecular mechanism in tumorigenesis still needs exploration. BCL2L11 belongs to the BCL-2 family, and acts as a central regulator of the intrinsic apoptotic cascade and mediates cell apoptosis. Although miRNAs have been reported to be involved in each stage of cancer development, the role of miR-24 in GC has not been reported yet. In the present study, miR-24 was found to be up-regulated while the expression of BCL2L11 was inhibited in tumor tissues of GC. Studies from both in vitro and in vivo shown that miR-24 regulates BCL2L11 expression by directly binding with 3'UTR of mRNA, thus promoting cell growth, migration while inhibiting cell apoptosis. Therefore, miR-24 is a novel onco-miRNA that can be potential drug targets for future clinical use.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; genetics ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; deficiency ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; Down-Regulation ; genetics ; Gene Silencing ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; deficiency ; genetics ; Mice ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; deficiency ; genetics ; Rats ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology