BACKGROUND:There are myoblasts in human embryonic skeletal muscle. It remains poorly understand whether myoblasts in vitro can form myotube and what are the corresponding markers for identifying myoblasts and myotubes. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether in vitro cultured myoblasts from human embryonic skeletal muscle can form myotube and whether they can express neural markers. METHODS:Human embryonic muscle-derived myoblasts were cultured in serum-containing medium. When the primary culture was established, cultured cel s were identified with immunocytochemistry for neural markers, such asβ-tubulin markers (desmin, myogenin, smooth muscle actin and myosin). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A population of myoblasts could migrate from human embryonic muscle tissues. They could express the markers for skeletal muscle such as desmin and myogenin, and they could express neuron specific enolase, nestin and neurofilament 200. They could form myotubes in vitro, and myotubes expressedβⅢ-tubulin, neurofilament 200 and glial fibril ary acidic protein. The data support the hypothesis that myoblasts from human embryonic muscle express neural markers and muscle markers, and cultured myoblasts and myotubes expressed neuron specific enolase,β-tubulin Ⅲ, nestin, neurofilament 200 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. This indicates that these markers could not be used for cel identification of trans-differentiation study from muscle origin to nervous system.

BACKGROUND:Human skin-derived precursors can be cultured for a long term in vitro, and differentiated into neurons, glial cel s, smooth muscle cel s, Schwann cel s and cel s with peripheral neurons phenotype.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the culture conditions and multiple differentiation capacity of multipotential stem cel s from human skin, especial y the potentials of differentiating into neurons and osteoblasts.
METHODS:Human skin-derived precursor cel s were cultured with trypsin digestion method, and identified with immunocytochemistry. Cel s at passages 3-4 were induced to differentiate into neurons and osteoblasts, and underwent von Kossa staining protocol for calcium, chondrocyte induction, toluidine blue staining, immunohistochemical staining and Sudan black staining. The expression of nestin, vimentin,βIII-tubulin, S100 and col agen II in the human skin-derived precursors was detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The human skin-derived precursor cel s cultured with trypsin digestion method could proliferate and form suspending spheres, and nestin positive cel s were detected at any time point of the culture. Al the cultured cel s expressed vimentin, and some adherent cel s expressedβIII-tubulin. Human skin-derived precursor cel s were induced with Salvia miltiorrhiza to differentiate into neuron-like cel s, and expressed marker of nerve cel s. Skin-derived precursors could be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and von Kossa staining displayed black calcified nodules in the culture dish. Skin-derived precursors could also be induced to differentiate into chondrocytes, and toluidine blue staining was strongly positive, and some cel s expressed col agen II, which suggested that, the differentiated cel s contained chondrocytes. Experimental findings indicate that, skin contains multipotential stem cel s that are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, Schwann cel s and oligodendrocytes.

Objective: To investigate the optimal culture conditio ns for adipose tissue-derived stromal cells(ADSCs) and for the induction of these cells to differentiate into osteogenic cells. Methods: ADSCs were cultured with routine methods,bFGF at 20 ng/ml was added into the medium and the proliferative of ADSCs was examined by cell counting. 0.1 ?mol /L of dexamethasone,10 mmol/L of ?-glycerophosphate and 50 ?mol/L of ascorbic acid were adapted to induce the cells to differentiate into osteogenic cells, ADSCs were identified by immunocytochemistry and differentiated osteogenic cells were identified by alkaline phosphatase(AP) staining and immunocytochemistry. Result: A population of ADSCs could be isolated from adul t human adipose tissue,the cells were fibroblast-like and could be maintaine d in vitro for extended periods with stable population doubling.The cells w ere expanded as undifferentiated in culture for more than 10 passages, indicati ng their proliferative capacity.bFGF stimulated the cell proliferation.Dexameth asone,?-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid induced (40?8.6)% of ADSCs to ex press alkaline phosphatase(AP) ,(35?10.6)% of AP positive ADSCs were found to be collagen I positive. Calcification plaques were occasionally found in the cul tures. Conclusion:The data support the hypothesis that adu lt human adipose tissue contains stem cells capable of diffferentiating into ost eogenic cells.

Objective To explore the efficacy of autologous pleural patch in surgical operation on the patient with chronic tuberculous empyema.Methods Autologous pleura patches were used to repair the pulmonary wound in the surgical operations for 7 patients with chronic tuberculous empyema,who received surgical management in Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital from August 2012 to November 2014.The leak time of the patient and the time of the chest tube were recorded,the pulmonary re-examination was observed by chest X-ray,and the follow-up results were recorded.Results The time of persistent pulmonary air leak of 6 patients was not more than 10 hours after operation,1 patient was not more than 24 hours.Review of X-ray chest showed that good for lung,4-7 d after operation removal of thoracic dosed drainage tube,there was no death and no chest infection in 7 patients and review of CT chest showed no significant residual cavity.After follow-up for 6-24 months 7 patients had satisfactory efficacy,there was no pneumothorax and thoracic infection,no residual cavily.Conclusion Autologous pleura can be used to patch the pulmonary wound in the surgical operation on the patient with chronic tuberculous empyema.

Objective To study the expression of toll rexeptor-4 in patients with systemic infanunatory response syndrome(SIRS)and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) induced by acute cerebral vascular disease(ACVD).Method Totally 153 ACVD patients,admitted to Departments of Neurology Medicine and ICU of the First,the Second and the Forth Hospitals of Jilin University from October 2005 to March 2006,were enrolled in this study.The patients were admitted to the hospitals within 3 days after onset,and were confirmed by CT or MRI.The 153 patients in the prospective study was divided into three groupa:ACVD group(n=60).SIRS group induced by ACVD(n=45),MODS group induced by ACVD(n=48).The diagnosis criteria accorded with the criterion set by the Forth Conference of Cerebrovuscular Disease in China.The exclusion criterion inchided:①patients with infeetion or inflammatory disease two weeks before the onset of AVCD;②patients with cardiac disease,including acute myocarditis,acute myocardial infarction,angina episodes,degenerative calcific valvular disease,and so on;③patients with use of hormone recently;④malignant tumor,autoimmunity system disease,liver disease,kidney disease and hematologic disease.The expression of TLR-4 mRNA gene of the nucleated cell in the peripheral blood in the ACVD patient was measured by using RT-PCR.Statistics methods of t test,q test and simplex factor analysis of variance have been used Statistical analysis was carried out by using T-test,one-way analysis of variances,and q-test.Results The expression of TLR-4mRNA obviously increased on the third day after onset of AVCD.Compared with ACVD group,the expression of TLR-4mRNA in SIRS group was significantly higher (0.61±0.13 vs.0.98±0.15,P＜0.01).Compared with SIRS group,the expression of TLR-4mRNA in MODS group was significantly higher(0.98±0.15 vs.1.32±0.38,P＜0.01).The expression of TLR-4mRNA had a increasing tendency with the severity of AVCD.The expression of TLR-4mRNA was higher in patients with higher MODS score(P＜0.01).In the MODS group,the expression of TLR-4 mRNA was higher in the fatal patients than that in the survivors(1.56±0.16 vs.1.32±0.26,P＜0.01).Conclusions The mechanism of ACVD.which causes SIRS and MODS,may be associated with excessive immunologic respun of the organism.

Objective To explore the pulse diagram parameter changes of chronic renal insufficiency patients with five symptoms types(spleen kidney qi deficiency ,spleen kidney Yang deficiency ,kidney liver Yin deficiency and the deficiency of Yin and Yang ) , and to establish the differentiation mode of each symptoms type for assisting the clinical diagnosis .Methods The DS01-C pulse manifestation instrument made by the Shanghai Daosh company was adopted to detect and analyze the pulse manifestations in the healthy control group and the chronic renal insufficiency group .Results The healthy control group was dominated by the normal pulse manifestation .The chronic renal insufficiency group was dominated by the taut pulse and its concurrent pulse .Along with the progress of the disease ,the pulse manifestations also appeared the corresponding changes .The patients with spleen kidney qi defi-ciency and spleen kidney Yang deficiency were dominated by the taut pulse .Comparing the patients with liver kidney Yin deficiency and Qi Yin deficiency ,the taut pulse and concurrent rapid pulse were common ,in addition ,the former also had the deep pulse .The patients with Yin and Yang deficiency showed the slow pulse and the taut pulse or the taut pulse and rapid pulse .Conclusion The pulse manifestation change in the patients with chronic renal insufficiency is dominated by the taut pulse and the concurrent pulse , the pulse manifestation change of various symptoms types are complex .

Objective:To examine the status of career decision-making and its influencing factors among nursing postgraduate students.Methods:From October 2018 to December 2019, 249 nursing postgraduate students from universities were selected by convenience sampling method and were investigated using general information questionnaire, Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire, Professional Identity Scale and Proactive Personality Scale.Results:The score of postgraduate nursing students' career decision-making difficulties was (58.10±8.98). Correlation analysis showed that the score of the career decision-making difficulties was positively correlated with professional identity and proactive personality of nursing postgraduate students ( r=0.187, 0.581, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, whether they had received career counseling and proactive personality scores were influencing factors of career decision-making difficulties which explained 38.0% of the total variation. Conclusions:The career decision-making difficulties of nursing postgraduate students is at a medium level. Educators can reduce the career decision-making difficulties of nursing postgraduate students by conducting career counseling, improving professional identity or enhancing career initiative.

Objective : To examine the association between acute exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) NOX and NO2 and outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases. Methods : Data regarding outpatient visits to Department of Respiratory Diseases of Beijing Children's Hospital from 2015 to 2020 were collected, and the concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOX), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and other TRAP were collected from the surveillance sites assigned by the Peking University Health Science Center. A time-stratified case-crossover design was employed, and a conditional logistic regression model was created to examine the association between NOX and NO2 acute exposure and outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases. Results : The daily mean outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases were 571 (interquartile range, 554) person-times among children at ages of 0 to 14 years in Beijing Children's Hospital from 2015 to 2020, and the daily mean outpatient visits for upper respiratory tract infections (URI), bronchitis, and pneumonia were 265 (interquartile range, 282), 143 (interquartile range, 178) and 128 (interquartile range, 120) person-times, respectively. The daily mean concentrations of atmospheric NOX and NO2 were 67.8 (interquartile range, 50.7) and 49.3 (interquartile range, 30.7) μg/m3, respectively. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed the largest lagged effect of NOX and NO2 on pediatric respiratory diseases at cumulative lags of 0 to 7 days. An increase in NOX concentrations by an interquartile range resulted in the excess risks of URI, bronchitis and pneumonia by 6.87% (95%CI: 6.37%-7.38%), 7.25% (95%CI: 6.51%-7.99%), and 5.51% (95%CI: 4.69%-6.33%), and an increase in NO2 concentrations by an interquartile range resulted in excess risks of URI, bronchitis and pneumonia by 5.71% (95%CI: 5.12%-6.31%), 5.32% (95%CI: 4.51%-6.14%), and 4.83% (95%CI: 3.91%-5.75%), respectively. NOX and NO2 presented a more remarkable effect on outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases among children at ages of over 5 years. Conclusion NOx and NO2 acute exposure may increase the outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To construct and obtain ideal protein delivery vectors by researching the delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity to Hela cells using mPEG-PLGA-BSA-FITC-NPs. METHOD: The mPEG-PLGA nanoparticle was obtained through surface modification of PLGA with PEG, and deliver BSA-FITC into Hela cells in vitro. The positive cells were counted by Laser scanning confocal microscopy and the survival rate of Hela cells was calculated by MTT assay at different time points. RESULT: mPEG-PLGA-BSA-FITC-NPs shows the classic nanometer size, and the encapsulation efficiency reached 51. 2%. At the same time, the nanoparticles possess characteristics of slow release. By optimizing the delivery conditions, the highest efficiency of mPEG-PLGA-BSA-FITC-NPs was above 65.2%, and the cellular viability was about 85.7%. CONCLUSION mPEG-PLGA-BSA-FITC-NPs nanoparticles can successfully carry the target protein into cells as safe and effective as novel delivery materials of protein in vitro, and has shown slow release characteristics. The mPEG-PLGA-BSA-FITC-NPs provide ideal delivery vector for future application in clinical treatment of disease using nano-materials.
Drug Carriers ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Polyesters ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Serum Albumin, Bovine

OBJECTIVETo evaluation the performance of a heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) ELISA detection kit in the clinical diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSPlasma or serum samples from 160 suspected ACS patients hospitalized in General Hospital of PLA were examined using Lanzhou H-FABP reagent kit and Holland H-FABP kit. Correlation of the two kits was evaluated and Kappa test was used to examine the consistency of the results of the two products.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of H-FABP diagnosis of ACS detection Lanzhou kit was 91.8%, the specificity was 88.7%, and the total diagnostic rate was 90.42%. The sensitivity of H-FABP diagnosis of ACS detection Holland kit was 90.3%, the specificity was 86.8%, and the total diagnostic rate was 88.75%. The test results showed that two products yielded comparable results (P=0.668, >0.05) with a good consistency (Kappa=0.726, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSH-FABP ELISA detection kit produccted by LanZhou biological research institute has a good correlation with H-FABP detection kit produced by HBT company of Holland and has the potential for clinical application.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; blood ; Humans ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity