Objective To compare sequence analysis of the yeast-like fungal isolates with traditional methods and analyze the feasibility of identification of common yeast-like fungal by sequence analysis of gene. Methods 115 yeast-like fungal isolates were collected in the clinical laboratory of Beijing Tongren Hospital. DNA of yeast-like fungal was extracted and then amplified with universal primers of part of 18S rRNA genes followed by sequencing directly. The sequences obtained were submitted to the GenBank (NCBI) to identify the fungi. At the same time, the CHROMagar Candida and Vitek 32 YBC were used to identify the fungi. The identification accuracy with three methods was compared to explore the feasibility of the identification of sequence analysis. Results 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis was compared with traditional method. There were some differences in the identification results of 13 strains. The coincidence rate between CHROMagar Candida and sequence analysis was 89. 2% (91/102) and the coincidence rate between Vitek 32 YBC and sequence analysis was 91.3% (105/115). The positivity rate of species-level identification by CHROMagar Candida , Vitek 32 YBC and the 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis were 88. 7 % ( 102/115 ), 100% ( 115/115 ), 100% ( 115/115 ). Conclusion Identification of medically important yeast-like fungal by sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene is reliability.

BACKGROUND: Tooth intrusion easily leads to root resorption. Previous studies regarding orthodontic treatment-caused tooth root resorption or retrospective clinical studies based on X-ray films have great errors in outcome evaluation because of intrusion force which cannot be precisely controlled. OBJECTIVE: This study established dog models of mini-implant anchorage for incisor intrusion to observe the histological changes of tooth root and periodontal tissue and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of mini-implant anchorage for incisor intrusion. METHODS: Nine dogs were assigned to one control group (n = 1) and four experimental groups per time to sacrifice (1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks; n = 2 dogs for each experimental group). No force was added to the control group. In the experimental groups, mini-implant as an anchorage was placed in the buccal alveoli between maxillary second and third incisors on each side. A traction force of 100 g was imposed to each side to intrude the maxillary first and second incisors on each side. At 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks (traction force was imposed for 4 weeks and after withdrawal of extraction force, mini-implant was retained in place for 8 weeks), dogs were sacrificed. The first and second incisors together with gingival and alveolar bone were completely resected to prepare histological specimens. Following hematoxylin-eosin staining, histological changes of tooth root and periodontal tissue were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, in the 1-week group, histological changes were primarily at the root tip and alveolar ridge crest, alveolar bone and cementum were absorbed and peridental membrane presented glassy degeneration in local region; in the 2-week group, bone resorption degree and range were obviously enlarged, and bone resorption developed from root tip, root middle part to cervical part; in the 4-week group, bone resorption was still active and the glassy degeneration of peridental membrane disappeared; in the 12-week group, significant improvement in alveolar bone and cemental surface was observed, bone lacuna had deposition of newly formed bone, and peridental membrane was orderly arranged. These findings reveal that in the mini-implant anchorage for dog incisor intrusion, early histological changes primarily appear in the root tip and alveolar ridge crest, presenting as alveolar bone and cemental resorption and the glassy degeneration of the peridental membrane. Bone resorption extent and range expand with the persistence of traction force. After withdrawal of traction force, tooth root and periodontal tissue were gradually repaired

Objective To establish a molecular technique of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing to identify pathogenic fungi species from the fungal sinusitis tissues. Methods Total 270 sinusitis tissues samples were collected by endoscopic surgery from 2006 to 2008. The histopathology, organize spring clip culturation and ITS region (ITS region region of fungal rRNA, including ITS1-5. 8S rRNA-ITS2) sequencing were employed simultaneously. And then to evaluate the ITS sequencing as the tool for identification of pathogenic fungi directly from clinical samples. Results Of the 270 samples, histopathology positive rate was 80.0% (216/270) , organize spring clip positive rate was 80.0% (216/ 270), fungal culturation positive rate was 53.0% (143/270) , ITS region sequencing positive rate was 63. 0% [ (134 +28 +8)/270], There were 22 species and 6 genera identified by fungal culturation, and 32 species identified by ITS region sequencing. Conclusion ITS region sequencing will become a applicable tool in clinical laboratory in future.

Objective To study the clinical application of the ITS and β-tubulin gene regions in identification of Aspergillus spp. Methods One hundred and twenty-four Aspergillus strains that isolated from fungal rhino-sinusitis specimens were collected in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from July 2007 to January 2010. They were identified by morphological and molecular methods. The first one included traditional culture, slide culture, and microscopic examination after lactophenol cotton blue stain and KOH digestion. The second one was amplifying and sequencing the part of ITS and β-tubulin gene and aligned all the sequences in the GenBank, European Molecular Biology Laboratory nucleotide sequence database, and DNA Data Bank of Japan. Results Of the 56 Aspergillus flavus identified by morphological features, fifty-five isolates were identified as Aspergillus flavus and 1 isolates was Aspergillus parasiticus by the ITS and β-tubulin gene region sequence analysis. In the 37 Aspergillus fumigatus identified by morphological method, and all the 37 isolates were identified as species complex of Aspergillus fumigatus by the ITS region sequence analysis, but through the sequence analysis of β-tubulin gene region, thirty-five isolates were identified as Aspergillus. fumigatus and 2 were Aspergillus lentulus. Twenty-one isolates were identified as Aspergillus versicolor by morphological method, but 16 of them were identified as Aspergillus. versicolor and 5 can not be identified to species level by the ITS region sequence. And by comparative-sequence analysis of β-tubulin gene region, the 5 isolates were identified as Aspergillus sydowii,the other 16 isolates were Aspergillus. versilcolor. Ten isolates were identified as Aspergillus nidulans by morphological features, the ITS and β-tubulin gene region sequence analysis. Conclusions β-tubulin gene sequencing is more suitable for identifying Aspergillus, and could identify Aspergillus spp. to species level Sequences of ITS region could only identify Aspergillus spp. to species complex.

ObjectiveTo evaluate CT characteristics of fungal ball in paranasal sinus caused by different fungi and to enhance differential diagnosis.MethodsCT results and clinical data of 74 patients with fungal ball arising from the paranasal sinuses proved by histopathology from 2007 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.The CT characteristics of fungal ball in paranasal sinus caused by different fungi were compared using x2 test with P ＜ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results Among 74 mycotic pathogenic agents,aspergillus was found in 58 cases (including 36 cases with aspergilhs flavus,15 cases with aspergillus fumigatus and 7 with aspergillus versicolor),the others including 5 cases with penicillium,6 cases with schizophyllum commune,and 5 cases with scedosporium apiospermum.There were significant differences in the number of sinus involved ( single sinus involvement was seen in 29 cases caused by aspergillus group and 2 cases caused by non-aspergillus-group,respectively,with x2 =7.245,P =0.007 ),the incidence of fungus ball in ethmoid sinus [ 39.7％ ( 23/58 ) of cases caused by aspergillus group and 81.3 ％ ( 13/16 ) of cases caused by non-aspergillus-group,respectively,with x2 =8.685,P =0.003 ] and calcification (40 of 58 cases caused by aspergillus group and 5 of 16 cases caused by non-aspergillus-group,respectively,with x2 =7.485,P =0.006 ),the location of calcification ( 26 of 40 cases with central calcification and 14 of 40 cases with peripheral calcification in cases caused by aspergillus group,while all of 5 cases caused by non-aspergillus-group with peripheral calcification,x2 =7.697,P =0.006).However,there was no significant difference in the incidence of bilateral lesions ( x2 =1.002,P =0.317 ),maxillary sinus involvement ( x2 =0.020,P =0.888 ),sphenoidal sinus involvement ( x2 =0.704,P =0.401 ),frontal sinus involvement ( x2 =0.126,P =0.723 ),bony sclerosis ( x2 =2.024,P =0.155 ),lamellar calcification (x2 =2.045,P =0.153 ),complication of nasal polyps( x2 =0.018,P =0.893) and submucosal cyst( x2 =0.779,P =0.378 ).ConclusionsThe common CT characteristics of fungal ball in paranasal sinus are unilateral sinus involvement with inhomogeneous high-density soft tissue and lamellar calcification.The CT findings of fungal ball caused by non-aspergillus-group are ethmoid sinus involvement and calcification located on the periphery instead of the center of fungal ball.

Participating in the National Oral Medical Skills Competition can push forward the teaching reform and curriculum construction,and promote the standardized development of teaching.According to the changes of competition level,rules and content of the National Oral Medical Skills Competition,the selection and training methods have been reformed.By designing the training programs,quantifying the scoring standards,strengthening the oral physician guidance and strengthening the psychological counseling and other trainings,satisfactory results have been achieved.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on phosphatase and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin signaling pathway in the midbrain substantia nigra of Thy1-α synuclein(αSyn)transgenic model mice with Parkinson disease(PD). Methods:Twenty-four Thy1-αSyn transgenic mice were randomly divided into a model group,an acupuncture group,an acupuncture + moxibustion group,and a Western medicine group.Six wild-type mice in the same litter were used as the wild-type group.In the acupuncture group,Baihui(GV20)and Yanglingquan(GB34)were selected for acupuncture.In the acupuncture + moxibustion group,Guanyuan(CV4)was added on the basis of the acupuncture group.The Western medicine group was given rapamycin intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 10 mg/(kg·bw).The wild-type group and the model group were fixed without intervention.The overall rod performance(ORP)score of mice was observed in each group.The immunohistochemical method was used to detect the tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)positive neurons in the substantia nigra of mice in each group.The αSyn was detected by the immunofluorescence chemical method.The expression levels of αSyn,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,autophagy protein sequestosome-1/protein 62(SQSTM-1/p62),PINK1,Parkin,and ubiquitin-specific protease 30(USP30)proteins were detected by Western blotting assay.The expression levels of LC3B,p62,PINK1,Parkin,and USP30 mRNAs were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with the wild-type group,the ORP score,the p62,PINK1,and Parkin protein expression levels decreased significantly(P<0.01),the PINK1 mRNA expression level decreased(P<0.05),while the protein and mRNA expression levels of USP30 increased(P<0.05)in the model group.Compared with the model group,the ORP score in the acupuncture group and the acupuncture + moxibustion group increased(P<0.05);the expression level of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein in the acupuncture + moxibustion group and the Western medicine group increased(P<0.05);the protein expression levels of p62,PINK1,and Parkin increased(P<0.05),while the USP30 protein expression level decreased significantly(P<0.01)in the acupuncture group,the acupuncture + moxibustion group,and the Western medicine group;the Parkin mRNA expression level in the acupuncture group and the acupuncture + moxibustion group increased(P<0.05);the USP30 mRNA expression level in the acupuncture + moxibustion group decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture and moxibustion regulate the related molecule expression levels of PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in the Thy1-αSyn transgenic PD model mice and promote the autophagy degradation of αSyn to exert the protective effect of dopaminergic neurons.

We proposed a new stitching method based on sift features to obtain an enlarged view of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images with a high resolution. The sift features were extracted from the images, which were then combined with fitted polynomial correction field to correct the images, followed by image alignment based on the sift features. The image seams at the junction were finally removed by Poisson image editing to achieve seamless stitching, which was validated on 60 local glomerular TEM images with an image alignment error of 62.5 to 187.5 nm. Compared with 3 other stitching methods, the proposed method could effectively reduce image deformation and avoid artifacts to facilitate renal biopsy pathological diagnosis.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Kidney Glomerulus ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; methods

Objective:The clinical features, laboratory indices, and imaging data of patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) were described and analyzed, aiming to provide helpful information for the diagnosis and treatment of PJP. Methods:A retrospective study were conducted with data from 154 PJP patients who visited China-Japan Friendship Hospital from May 2017 to August 2020. Their clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging data, and clinical outcomes were collected for analysis. The patients were further divided into the death group (51 cases) and the survival group(103 cases). The differences between the groups were compared by using t-test, nonparametric test, and chi-square test. Results:Of the 154 PJP patients, there were 89 males and 65 females, with a mean age of (53.7±14.8) years. Among them, 85.7% (132/154) were on immunosuppressive/glucocorticoids agents within the past month. Besides, 27.9% (43/154) and 33.1% (51/154) had kidney diseases and connective tissue diseases, respectively. The major clinical manifestations in these patients involved fever 82.9% (126/154), cough 59.7% (92/154), and dyspnea 52.6% (81/154). For the laboratory data, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 561.0 (434.3, 749.0) IU/L and the value increased in 91.3% (95/104) of the patients. The CD4+T-cell lymphocytes in 88.0% (95/108) and 57.4% (62/108) of patients were lower than 400/μl and 200/μl, respectively. Furthermore, (1, 3)-β-D glucan (BG) increased in 74.4% (67/90) of PJP patients (≥100.0 ng/L). For the imaging results, chest computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse ground-glass shadows/grid shadows in 90% (117/130) patients. Compared with the survival group, higher LDH [690.5 (528.8, 932.3) IU/L vs 502.5 (381.8, 657.0) IU/L, Z=-3.375, P=0.001], white blood cell count (WBC) [9.8 (5.8, 12.6) ×10 9/L vs 7.3 (5.0, 10.1) ×10 9/L, Z=-2.392, P=0.017], and age [(69.8±14.5) years vs (50.6±14.0) years, t=-3.756, P=0.001] were found in the death group. Lower lymphocyte ratio [5.3 (3.2, 9.3) % vs 9.6 (5.6, 17.2) %, Z=?3.262, P=0.001] and oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) levels [(73.2±20.5) mmHg vs (64.8±17.7) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), t=2.345, P=0.021] were also observed in the death group. Furthermore, in the death group, the bacterial and fungal infection rate was higher than the rates in the survival group [55.1% (27/51) vs 21.5% (22/103), χ 2=15.372, P=0.001]. Conclusions:Long-term use of immunosuppressive agents or glucocorticoids predispose to PJP. CD4+T-lymphocytes, LDH, and BG might be used as important auxiliary examinations for PJP patients. Age, LDH, WBC, lymphocyte ratio, PaO 2 and possible combinations with bacterial or fungal infections are more closely related to the prognostic of PJP patients.

Objective To systematically evaluate qualitative studies on the experience of transition from adolescent to adult medical care for patients with congenital heart disease(CHD),and to provide a reference for exploring CHD transition management options and developing intervention strategies.Methods A computerized search of PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CINAHL,China Knowledge Network,Wanfang database,Vipshop database,and China Biomedical Literature Database for qualitative studies on the transition experience of CHD patients from adolescence to adult medical care was conducted for the period from the establishment of the database to April 2023.The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research(2016),and the results were integrated using meta-integration methods.Results A total of 9 studies were included,and 49 research results were extracted,and 11 categories were summarized.The final synthesis included 4 integrated results:①Complex attitudes towards healthcare transition,with both attachment and expectation:attachment to paediatric healthcare providers,expectation of transition to adult healthcare providers.(2)Facing multiple healthcare transition challenges:lack of adequate preparation for healthcare transition,parents withdrawing from the role of disease manager,large differences in services between paediatric and adult healthcare providers.③Expect to receive multiple supports:expect to receive comprehensive health education from healthcare personnel,expect healthcare institutions to set up healthcare transition counselling clinics and achieve handover of illness,expect to receive companionship and support from parents,expect to receive understanding and help from peers.④ Per-ceived benefits of medical transition:increased ability to manage illness,role change and personal growth.Conclusion Adolescents with CHD have a complex experience of transitioning to adult healthcare,and healthcare professionals should be attentive to their feelings,encourage them to deal with challenges positively,and provide adequate information and joint parental and peer support to facilitate a smooth transition to adult healthcare for adolescents.